Abstract: In a method of rolling tubes in a stretch-reducing rolling mill having a group drive in which the elongation, and therefore the tension is increased by increasing the speed of an auxiliary drive motor relative to that of a main drive motor, the length of the trailing "thickened end", which must be rejected as scrap, is reduced by increasing the elongation from the point in time at which the start of the trailing end portion of the tube reaches the last stand. This trailing end portion is that portion which receives a larger wall thickness than the central portion of the tube as a result of the reduced tension exerted in the trailing end portion of prior art practices. The start of this trailing end portion can be predicted from experience or by rolling a sample tube without subjecting its trailing end portion to the said increased elongation and measuring the wall thickness at the trailing end portion of the sample tube.

Abstract: A lead-acid battery having a unique arrangement for making electrical connection to the battery. The arrangement includes L-shaped lugs molded into the upper surface of the casing. The lugs have cylindrical apertures extending horizontally therethrough for mating with the connector posts of the battery plates. Threaded pin terminals insert through a receptacle which is slidably mounted with a slot in a side wall of the battery. The pin terminals are threaded into nuts which are cast within the L-shaped lugs.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming an interpole crossover wire in a winding apparatus for winding a wire around a spool to form stator coils. The circular arc motion of a pair of pawls is performed by a piston-cylinder device driving an adjustable link mechanism. By adjusting the dimensions of the link mechanism the length of the circular arc motion of the pawls can be adjusted.

Abstract: A metal strip stretching mill comprising a stretching station and, oppositely adjacent thereto, a group of pulling rolls and a group of braking rolls with adjustably speed-controlled drives on the rolls in the immediate vicinity of the stretching station and torque-controlled drives of stepped-up or stepped-down power on all other rolls, and a disconnectable clutch at the roll trunnion of at least one torque-controlled roll in the middle of each roll group, for a downward expansion of the usable power range of the installation through selective disconnection and idling of said rolls.

Abstract: A rolling line for billets, bars, wire rod or the like, e.g. a roughing line has one or more rolling stands each having three or more driven rolls which are adjustable towards and away from the work material by a worm drive and a screw. The rolls are brought progressively closer together before each pass of the work material, whose cross section is thereby reduced with corresponding elongation. The direction of rotation of the rolls is reversed between each pass, unless two stands for rolling in opposite directions are provided in which case it is possible for the stands to be continuously driven but alternately operative. The work material is turned about its axis through half a roll pitch angle between each pass.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an arrangement of grooves on the rolls of a rolling mill stand intended particularly for the rolling of beams, rails, channels, squares, diamonds, rounds, tie plates, joint bars and similar shapes wherein a plurality of grooves for shapes with different web heights are nested on the same set of rolls in such a way that the whole of the part of a groove serving as a surround to the shortest web is common to all the nested grooves.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for fabricating battery plate envelopes from a sheet formed of microporous plastic material having a width greater than that of a battery plate to be enveloped. A battery plate is pushed edgewise into the sheet to fold the sheet about the battery plate with edges overlapping the battery plate on both sides. The folded sheet is fed with the battery plate therein into the interface between a pair of opposed pressure rollers each of which include a pair of axially aligned sealing wheels. A continuous seal is formed between the overlapping edges of the sheet by compressing the edges into one another between the sealing wheels. Each set of sealing wheels may comprise gear teeth whose teeth continuously mesh with those of the teeth mounted on the opposing pressure roller.

Abstract: A rolling mill having at least a pair of work rolls (12, 13) each supported by a back-up roll (14, 15) has at least one roll (16) of hollow construction to give the mill compliance. The hollow roll (16) may contain an arbor (20) to give local stiffness to the roll as required by the shape of the material (17) entering the mill.

Abstract: An element stack and a method of making same is provided in which assembling a relatively large number of relatively small electrode plates into an element stack is facilitated by positioning a first set of electrode plates onto a strip of separator material in pre-selected locations and then affixing such plates to the strip. The resulting product may then be readily processed into the element stack by insertion of a second set of electrode plates of opposite polarity to the first set and then folding the separator in accordion fashion. The assembly method is amenable to automation and the resulting cell element stack may be handled as a unit thereby facilitating battery assembly.

Abstract: A roll changing apparatus for rolling mills which is adapted for use in the manufacture of seamless steel pipes. The apparatus comprises a pair of sliding bases each mounted on a base block and movable parallel to each other, a plurality of roll carriages each containing a set of rolls, and means for moving the roll carriages, wherein two or more of the roll carriages are placed on each of the sliding bases and at least one of the roll carriages on each sliding base is moved forward to form a roll mill. When the roll carriages are to be changed, the forwardly moved roll carriages are moved back onto the sliding bases and then the other roll carriages are moved forward, thus automatically accomplishing the roll carriage changing in a short period of time.

Abstract: A rolling mill has a pair of work rolls (12, 13), between which the work (14) is rolled and which are supported by respective back-up rolls (16, 15). Between one work roll (12) and its back-up roll (16) there are a pair of intermediate rolls (17, 18) which are axially adjustable relative to the other rolls.

Abstract: A pierced billet is fed to a plug rolling mill, wherein the first rolling pass is effected in conventional manner, i.e. the shell is rammed over a forming plug mounted on the front end of the mandrel and then drawn over the plug by the work-rolls. Rather than removing the shell from the mandrel and returning it to the entry side of the mill, the second pass on the shell is effected by reversing the rotation of the work-rolls and pushing the shell back through the reverse rotating work-rolls over the same plug whereby, in effect, the original exit side of the mill now becomes the entry side. This double passing over the same plug is achieved through the use of a newly designed plug, tapered in both directions, wherein the plug is connected to the mandrel so as to transmit the tension force on the plug to the mandrel.

Abstract: It was discovered that a rolling mandrel holding a hollow which is rolled in a multistrand mill should be advanced in a particular manner that relates to the stretching the hollow undergoes in the first and second stand, as well as to the speed of the unrolled hollow. A velocity profile has been developed accordingly.

Abstract: A rod-shaped material is reciprocated along a conveyance line while being supported by a plurality of rollers. The material is allowed to pass through a rolling device disposed in the middle of the conveyance line a number of times for rolling operation during reciprocation or conveyance. A pair of rotating devices are disposed on both sides of the rolling device for varying the rolling angle of the material so that a desired rolling may be effected to the material.

Abstract: A rolling mill apparatus for reducing the thickness of a continuous strip material comprises at least two rolls between which the strip passes and inflatable pads for substantially maintaining the vertical and lateral alignment of the rolls and for substantially preventing roll shifting and/or cross-over. The inflatable pads are disposed between roll support assemblies and their respective support structures to substantially eliminate clearances that may develop between them. The inflatable pads preferably comprise a composite metal or metal alloy panel having inflatable fluid passageways.

Abstract: A method of rolling raw materials inclusive of slabs for the manufacture of beam blanks, and a roll to be used therefor, are disclosed. This method includes the steps of (a) subjecting a raw material, whose section consists of a web portion and a flange portion(s) having a width wider than the thickness of the web portion, to such a partial rolling that the web portion is partially rolled at regions inclusive of at least the joints of the flange portion(s), except the remaining central region, among a plurality of regions divided in the widthwise direction of the web portion, and (b) subjecting only the remaining central regions to a rolling.

Abstract: The set of horizontal rolls or the set of horizontal and vertical rolls of a universal stand, especially a finishing stand for universal rolling of rails or like sections has, in addition to the finishing grooves, grooves other than universal or finishing grooves, preferably edging grooves.

Abstract: The invention relates to a strip or sheet mill having working rolls, backup rolls and axially displaceable intermediate rolls positioned therebetween. Associated with the rolled strip of the rolling mill is a flatness measuring device (e.g., for measuring the distribution of the strip tension over the strip width), the output signals of the flatness measuring device being fed, together with signals representing the strip width, to at least two different evaluating members, one of these serving to deliver a regulating signal for adjusting the crown of the working rolls, and the other serving to deliver a regulating signal for adjusting the axial positions of the intermediate rolls.

Abstract: A roller entry guide assembly for angle shapes is disclosed. The assembly is used in steel rolling mills and overcomes the problems of distortion due to the friction of fixed guides in high speed mills. The assembly comprises a support frame, two freely rotating bottom rollers rigidly mounted in a horizontal plane in the support frame, each of the bottom rollers having sides contoured to fit an angle configuration with the largest diameter at the center, and a freely rotating top roller positioned above and between the two bottom rollers, and parallel thereto, the top roller being adjustably mounted from the support frame to vary the height above the bottom rollers, the top roller having sides contoured to fit an angle configuration with the smallest diameter at the center adapted to guide and position an angle shape between the top and bottom rollers in conjunction with the bottom rollers.

Abstract: An arrangement for measuring the thickness of a strip emerging from a rolling mill is provided with a thickness measuring device and at least one linear inductor. The linear inductor exerts a pulling force on the strip which flatens the strip in the vicinity of the measuring device. This permits a measuring beam from the measuring device to pass through the strip in a direction orthogonal to the surface of the strip. In some embodiments, a plurality of linear inductors may be provided on either side of the strip, and on either side of the measuring device. The frequency of operation of the linear inductors may be controlled by a converter, in response to the speed of the emerging strip.