Abstract: In the reduction of the cross section of wire, rods or bars by rolling, the work material is placed under longitudinal compression in a roughing block and/or in an intermediate block and is only under tension in a finishing block. By this means, the ends of the work material are thinned prior to entry into the finishing block, instead of being thickened as they would be if the work material were under tension in the roughing and/or finishing block. Compensation for this end thinning is effected in the finishing block due to the rolling under tension, so that wastage due to cropped thickened ends is avoided.

Abstract: Three or more work rolls are arranged substantially in line with each other so that the adjoining work rolls each form a roll pass between them. The work rolls are driven in such a way that the rolls closer to the exit end of the rolling mill stand rotate with increasingly greater peripheral speeds. Metal strip is continuously passed through each roll pass and is wound around part of the periphery of the work rolls disposed between the work rolls at both ends of the stand. Thus, the strip is rolled between each pair of the adjoining work rolls. The work rolls are also driven in such a way that at least in one of the pairs of the work rolls, the peripheral speed of the higher-speed work roll is greater than the speed with which the strip leaves the roll pass formed by the pair of work rolls.

Abstract: An apparatus for alternately stacking finite numbers of n positive battery plates and n+1 negative battery plates wherein a negative battery plate is provided at both the top and bottom ends of the stack. The apparatus includes a moving conveyor belt on which the positive plates are deposited having a spacing interval greater than the length of two negative plates. A negative plate is dropped onto the conveyor belt in the space between the positive plates and, in order to provide a negative plate at both the top and bottom ends of a resulting stack, two negative plates are dropped into the space between the positive plates whenever the required number of positive plates for a stack have been deposited on the conveyor belt. The negative and positive plates are then sequentially removed from the conveyor belt and dropped on top of each other thus producing a stack of alternating negative and positive plates, with a negative plate at both the bottom and top of the stack.

Abstract: This invention is directed toward a seal (25) for fused salt batteries (10) having a current conducting rod (19) partially within said battery and partially outside which includes a layer of compressible material (32) on the body of the current conducting rod leaving exposed the opposite ends thereof and a swaged metal sheath (33) covering and compressing the layer of material to approximately its maximum density. Optionally, a sealing glass (35) having a low coefficient of thermal expansion approximating that of the current conducting rod and the metal sheath can also be employed over the end of the rod and/or a plating (31) of a conductive metal can be provided over the end of the current conducting rod outside of the battery and/or a separate coating (28) of a different material can be deposited on the rod between the rod and the layer of compressible material. A process is also provided for forming the seal.

Abstract: The method of I-section rolling in a continuous mill includes successive rolling of a bar in horizontal slitting passes, horizontal closed roughing beam passes with alternate directions of the slope of the flange outer sides, vertical reduction passes and finishing universal beam passes; and it also includes working of bent-out live flanges of the bar prior to reversal of the direction of the slope of the flange outer sides in the closed beam passes. All the passes are arranged one after another according to the production process in a combination which provides for producing an I-section. In all the horizontal closed roughing beam passes, the rolling of the bar is effected with the flange outer sides having a slope of 15-100 percent on the live flanges and a slope of 8-12 percent on the dead flanges. In the vertical reduction passes the outer sides of the bar are worked to slopes corresponding to the slopes of the outer sides of the dead flanges of the succeeding horizontal closed roughing beam pass.

Abstract: A material is allowed to reciprocate along a conveyance line by conveyance systems. During reciprocation, the material is allowed to pass through different shape apertures provided by a rolling mechanism in the direction perpendicular to the conveyance line so that a desired rolling operation may be effected to the material.

Abstract: An improved system and method for controlling the interstand tension in a tandem rolling mill by computing the interstand tension on the basis of detected process data, computing the difference or error between the computed interstand tension and the desired value, and controlling the speed of the rolling stand drive motors so as to cancel the error. A shear is generally disposed upstream of the tandem rolling mill to shear the leading and trailing ends of a workpiece. When the shear is cutting the trailing end of the workpiece, a backward tension is produced between the shear and the first rolling stand of the tandem rolling mill, resulting in abrupt variations of the process data used for the computation of the interstand tension. The system operation will become unstable when such abruptly varying process data are used to compute the interstand tension for the purpose of the motor speed control.

Abstract: A method for rolling H-sections in a continuous mill comprises bevelling of the leading edge of a billet on the faces which are horizontal during rolling and subsequent rolling thereof in slitting and beam passes. The end of the billet is bevelled at an angle of 20.degree.-30.degree. relative to the horizontal axis thereof.

Abstract: A rolling mill includes at least one roll carrying a sleeve loosely on the barrel. The sleeve is inclined slightly by applying radially inward forces at two spaced positions along the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve to displace or to restrict displacement of the sleeve in the axial direction. The force applying points are independent of rotational direction of the sleeve, so that only one unit is needed even where there is reverse rotation. By controlling the relative value between the two forces, the mill can be given a powerful crown controlling capacity for workpieces of varying width, and the sleeve guiding unit is sufficiently durable to withstand high speed rolling during mass production.

Abstract: A rolling mill is provided in which the stands can be angularly displaced about the longitudinal axis of the work material so that the drive shaft slopes upwardly or downwardly from the associated output spindle of the drive transmission. This enables rolls of ideal diameter (D.sub.i) larger or smaller by up to 20 mm than the rated ideal diameter for that stand location to be used. A flexible coupling compensates for the angular misalignment of up to 2.degree. between the drive shaft and the output spindle.

Abstract: A thin, integrated carbon/insulator structure, and a method for fabricating same, for use in a primary electrochemical cell. A quantity of a wet carbon slurry material including a mixture of carbon black, water and/or isopropyl alcohol, and a binder such as finely-divided "Teflon" in suspension, is deposited onto a porous fiberglass substrate and rolled to a prescribed thickness. The rolling operation causes a portion of the slurry material to diffuse into the surface of the porous fiberglass substrate and permanently adhere to and unite with a surface portion of the fiberglass substrate in an integrated, interlocking fashion. The fiberglass substrate having the layer of carbon slurry material integrated therewith is then dried to cause the layer of carbon slurry material to dry and shrink to the form of a layer of carbon plaque having a network of cracks produced therethrough in a random pattern as a result of the shrinkage during drying.

Abstract: In the manufacture of seamless steel tube by hot-rolling a tube blank on a mandrel in a continuous rolling mill, the tube is withdrawn from the mandrel and reduced by reducing roll stands downstream of and in alignment with the rolling mill which operate on the part of the tube withdrawn from the mandrel. The mandrel is advanced through the rolling mill at a controlled speed and is not released until the reduction of the tube has been completed. The reducing roll stands are then opened and the released mandrel follows the tube through the stands but without contacting the rolls.

Abstract: A method of initially assembling and then subsequently hermetically sealing a container portion of an alkali metal battery to a ceramic portion of such a battery is disclosed. Sealing surfaces are formed respectively on a container portion and a ceramic portion of an alkali metal battery. These sealing surfaces are brought into juxtaposition and a material is interposed therebetween. This interposed material is one which will diffuse into sealing relationship with both the container portion and the ceramic portion of the alkali metal battery at operational temperatures of such a battery. A pressure is applied between these sealing surfaces to cause the interposed material to be brought into intimate physical contact with such juxtaposed surfaces. A temporary sealing material which will provide a seal against a flow of alkali metal battery reactants therethrough at room temperatures and is applied over the juxtaposed sealing surfaces and material interposed therebetween.

Abstract: A roller entry guide for a rod mill consists of a body with a funnel shaped entrance leading to a through bore for the rod. The exit is provided with two guide rollers each mounted on a rocker arm for adjustment of their spacing. Each guide roller has a ring of fluid reaction recesses at which a nozzle directs a stream of pressurized fluid, usually air, to keep the rollers rotating at operative speeds and prevent excessive wear and possible bearing failure, which can lead to cobbles in the rod. Each roller includes an annular outer member mounted on a central member by two spaced bearings, the outer races of which have radially projecting flanges engaged in counterbores in the annular outer member to automatically locate the parts together for rapid assembly and disassembly.

Abstract: A temperature controlling method for heating, with a heating furnace having at least one heating zone provided with a controllable heating means, materials charged into the heating furnace such that an aimed temperature of the material is reached by the time when the materials leave the heating furnace. The characteristic feature of the invention resides in that the instructions for changing the operating condition of the heating furnace in response to a change in the rolling condition of the rolling line connected to the heating furnace is treated as a change in the period of stay of the material in the heating furnace. In the controlling system in accordance with the invention, determination of the material temperature rise pattern in response to the change in the staying period of the material in the furnace is made to minimize the supply of fuel to the heating means, and the set temperature of each heating zone is calculated from the thus determined temperature rise pattern.

Abstract: A method for assembling a primary electrochemical cell including a carbon cathode structure. An anode structure, a porous separator and an elongated porous carbon element are arranged concentrically with respect to each other and positioned within an elongated housing of an electrochemical cell. The porous carbon element has a guide opening extending therealong for a portion of its entire length. A generally V-shaped, tapered, resilient, unitary metal current collector element is secured to a feedthrough member/cover assembly of the cell and introduced into the guide opening of the porous carbon element. The current collector element is then pushed, using the cover for this purpose, along the guide opening of the carbon element and then beyond the termination of the guide opening whereby the current collector element penetrates the material of the carbon element and becomes embedded within the carbon element.

Abstract: Rolling mill rolls having open grooves comprising active and relatively non-active portions are provided wherein at least two such grooves are overlapped by their relatively non-active portions. Also disclosed are processes for feeding such rolls, a stand connecting such rolls and a universal rolling mill having stands incorporating such rolls.

Abstract: In a wire lead forming machine whereby a European-type plug is attached to plug-end portions of two wires of a cable length, a wire bending device at each of a wire stripping and a plug attachment station has a pair of carriages mounted on parallelogram linkages for horizontal translatory movement. A clamping element on each carriage swings down to clamp a wire end portion against a flat top surface portion on the carriage, whereupon the carriages diverge, bending the wires to hold their tip portions parallel and spaced apart. A restraightening device at a station between the stripping and the plug attachment stations has upper and lower jaws between which the wires are received. The upper jaw swings down to confine the wire end portions in coplanar relationship, whereupon other jaws, moving horizontally between the upper and lower jaws, push the wires together.

Abstract: An improved metal-air button cell is provided. The cell is comprised of the following components: a conductive metal can, a cathode assembly in the can, a conductive metal cover, and a separator between the cathode assembly, wherein the metal cover and separator provide borders of a space in which an anode material can be placed. The improvement is that the amount of anode material is not sufficient to fill the space provided for it, and, wherein, the anode material is positioned against the separator and a void exists between the cover and the anode material.

Abstract: An improved cold roll forming apparatus providing for the exchange of rolls as a unit is disclosed, wherein sets of rolls are provided easily and removably exchangeable between sets of stands by one process. A frame supports the rolls and is lifted up to position the rolls between the stands, and at least one or more springy compressible devices are provided on the roll axles to operate as buffers and as devices to accelerate unfastening the rolls from holders of the stands. The springy compressible device has a cylindrical housing, a cover plate, and a spring exerting a biassing force between the cover plate and housing.