Abstract: The present invention relates to an arrangement in multilayer printed circuit boards, with the aim of improving matching in transitions between symmetric striplines (3) and asymmetric striplines (4). The requirement of a coverpad (6) for contact between the via (5) and the asymmetric stripline (4) for dimension reasons among other things, results in matching problems. In order to avoid this problem, the earth plane (7, 10) nearest the transition is moved away in the proximity of the via (5).

Abstract: An EMI filter (10) that makes use of a ferroelectric-ferromagnetic composite, member, or slab (12) in connection with capacitive and inductive elements. The geometrical structure of the filter (10) is such that the mutually orthogonal electric fields and magnetic fields generated by the capacitive and inductive elements penetrate the volume of the composite (12). In some designs, capacitive plates (14, 18, 32, 34) are split to avoid setting up eddy currents in the plates (14, 18, 32, 34) which oppose the penetration of magnetic flux through the composite (12). Various structural designs can be provided to define the capacitive elements and the inductive elements in different configurations relative to the composite to satisfy the desirable requirements.

Abstract: A band-pass filter for a waveguide, which additionally serves as a blocking filter for the concerted suppression of interference frequencies. In addition to a centrally arranged aperture (3), a waveguide aperture has two identically designed apertures (4), which are laid out for natural resonance for an interference frequency f (ind S1) to be blocked by the waveguide filter, and are arranged symmetrical to the central aperture opening (3). In waveguide devices, the invention is used to meet the statutory frequency specifications and simultaneously suppress interference frequencies.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) choke having improved insertion loss and reduced modulation hum. The choke includes a core having first and second end portions which have similar magnetization and saturation characteristics, and which may be of equal or unequal diameters. A plurality of turns of a first conductor encircle the first end portion of the core in a first direction to define a first winding. Pluralities of turns of a second conductor encircle the second end portion of the core in the opposite direction to define second and third windings. The numbers and spacings of the turns of the first winding are so related to the numbers and spacings of the turns of the second and third windings that relatively low frequency currents flowing through said windings generate substantially canceling fluxes in the first and second end portions of the core, while relatively high frequency currents flowing through said windings do not generate substantially canceling fluxes in the first and second end portions of the core.

Abstract: A structure for a high power low IMD passive microwave device, mainly for automated placement. The structure includes substantially flat housing having slots and a cover having notches. Slots and notches form openings to snugly receive printed circuit boards (PCBs) having signal transmission lines on both sides. Also, on both sides of PCBs opposite to the signal lines, the ground planes are located. The passive device is disposed between the housing and the cover, and electrically connected to the signal transmission lines inside the structure that is totally closed and sturdy. Bottom surface of PCBs and that of the housing are coplanar. PCBs are reinforced on both their sides by supports extended from the housing. Such a structure provides homogeneous leads and best conditions for automated placement. Inductance in signal lines is well balanced by capacitance to ground planes that in combination with structurally homogeneous leads provides low IMD.

Abstract: A circuit assembly having a thin and large-area dielectric substrate and improved grounding. To make the assembly, a circuit board comprising the substrate, and a circuit pattern and a metal layer that are formed on respective sides of the substrate. A bath of conductive bonding material (e.g., a low melting point solder) is made inside a tray-like metal chassis of the assembly. The circuit board is floated on the bath and excessive portion of the conductive material is absorbed. A branch circuit for branching a first path into at least two second paths is provided by mainly using impedance transformers but by using fewest possible stub(s). Also, the elements are arranged in symmetry around the axis through the first path. This yields a wide operating frequency band. A waveguide-microstrip line transition that is easy to work and low in transition loss is provided by shaping the wider walls of the ridge waveguide so as to spread out toward the end.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multiplexer/demultiplexer for use in mobile communication devices and provides a small and low-loss multiplexer/demultiplexer. The present invention provides a multiplexer/demultiplexer including a first to a third ports each externally terminated with a pure resistance, in which the second port is made to be a common port by connecting between the first port and the ground a first resonant circuit which makes serial resonance at a frequency within a first frequency band or in its proximity, and further connecting an inductive element in series between the first port and the second port, and connecting between the third port and the ground a second resonant circuit which makes serial resonance at a frequency within a second frequency band which is different from the first frequency band or in its proximity, and further connecting a capacitive element in series between the third port and the second port.

Abstract: A conductive element (FIG. 1, 220) incorporates a wide end portion (230) which is subdivided into a set of low impedance coupling paths (235) separated by one of the planar grooves (250). Each of the low impedance coupling paths (235) is suitable for coupling to a corresponding solid-state amplifier device (210). Power from each solid-state amplifier device (210) is combined at a narrow end portion (240) and conveyed to a transmission line (260). The high frequency low loss power combiner requires minimal integrated circuit chip area and can be designed and fabricated using existing microstrip analysis and design tools. Additionally, the substantially fully metallic structure provides additional excess heat dissipation through increased surface area over that of the Wilkenson power combiner. Further, due the broad conductive path formed by the conductive element, resistive losses are also minimized, thus increasing overall device efficiency.

Abstract: A method for generating a closely spaced train of extremely high voltage short pulses. The method involves generating the train of pulses by combining a plurality of harmonic amplitudes to construct said pulses, via a Fourier construction. Any arbitrary pulse shape can be reproduced simply by changing the amplitude of the harmonics. The train of high voltage electrical pulses produced by the method of the present invention is particularly well suited for the acceleration of particles by applying the pulses to an appropriate accelerating structure.

Abstract: A filter assembly, comprising first and second terminal caps in opposing relation to each other. The caps are physically and electrically coupled to each other. First and second circuit boards are physically coupled to the first cap. The first circuit board includes—(i) front and rear surfaces, (ii) a first circuit located on either or both of the front and rear surfaces, (iii) a ground lead connected to the first circuit, and (iv) a first electrical terminal coupled to the first circuit. The second circuit board includes—(i) front and rear surfaces, (ii) a second circuit located on either or both of the front and rear surfaces, (iii) a ground lead connected to the second circuit, and (iv) a second electrical terminal coupled to the second circuit. The first and second circuits are electrically coupled to each other, and each are electrically coupled to the first terminal cap via the ground leads. The circuit boards are positioned substantially parallel to each other.

Abstract: Microstrip coupler and method for fabricating the same, which can improve a directivity while does not affect to an active device disposed on the same substrate, the microstrip coupler, including an insulating substrate having a dielectric constant, one pair of coupled microstrip lines having a width spaced a distance from each other, extended in a longitudinal direction, and disposed on one side of the insulating substrate, and a recess formed in the insulating substrate on a side of a grounded member opposite to the microstrip lines with a width and a depth disposed in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a printed circuit board of the present invention comprising: a main transmission line; and additional transmission lines positioned on both sides of the main transmission line and parallel-connected to the main transmission line by way of selectors.

Abstract: An energy coupler (10) includes a movably adjustable energy coupling sleeve (16), and a coupling transmission line (18) operatively coupled to the movably adjustable energy coupling sleeve (16) to provide adjustable coefficient coupling with a transmission line (14), such as a coaxial transmission line. In one embodiment, the movably adjustable energy coupling sleeve (16) is configured to rotatably move to provide selectable energy coupling with the coaxial transmission line (14).

Abstract: A resonator having a variable resonance frequency. The resonator includes a cavity enclosed by a conducting wall. A resonating element and a conductive plate are located within the cavity. A photoconductive element is connected between two points on the conductive plate. The resonator also includes a light source for irradiating the photoconductive element with light of the predetermined wavelength. In the preferred embodiment, the conductive plate is circular and includes a gap, the photoconductive element connecting two points on the gap and the resonating element is a cylindrical dielectric resonator element having a TE01&dgr; mode electromagnetic field distribution. The circular conductive plate is preferably placed parallel to the top surface of the cylindrical dielectric resonator substantially midway between the top surface and the inner surface of the conducting wall. The diameter of the circular plate is preferably greater than that of the cylindrical dielectric resonator.

Abstract: A resonant capacitive coupler (124) couples signals across a gap (126) between signal transmission lines (112, 118) of two printed wiring boards (100, 102). The coupler has a conductive contact member (202 or 302) that is either positioned in close proximity to one of the transmission lines (112) or is connected to the one transmission line via a dielectric (204 or 304), and forms a capacitor therewith. The coupler further has a conductive interconnect member (200 or 300) that is connected to the contact member, and also to the other transmission line (108) either directly (FIG. 3) or via a second conductive contact member (202) (FIG. 2). The conductive interconnect member is dimensioned to have an inductive impedance at the frequency of the signals that equals, and hence cancels out, the capacitive impedance of the one or two capacitors formed by the one or two contact members.

Abstract: A circulator having integrally formed conductors (20, 21, and 22) which may be folded to form overlaying conductors of a circulator. The circulator includes a lens (44) for shaping a biasing magnetic field distribution to compensate for non-uniformity of magnetic field strength caused by irregularities of a magnetic circuit or the shape of a magnet (45) or ferrite (40, 41). The characteristics of ferrite discs (40,41) are preferably correlated with the characteristics of a permanent magnet (45) so that variations of permeability of the ferrite (40, 41) are minimized over a specified temperature range.

Abstract: A matched pair circulator antenna isolation circuit provides isolation between an antenna and one or more receivers and transmitters and may also be applied to other RF devices. A portion of the transmit signal is extracted by a first RF circulator and divided into two phase-inverted signals. The first phase-inverted signal is coupled through a first directional coupler to cancel most of the transmit signal present in the receive signal. The second phase-inverted signal is coupled through a second directional coupler to cancel remaining transmit signal in the output of the first directional coupler. The output of the second directional coupler is coupled to the input of the receiver.

Abstract: A dual operation mode all temperature filter is provided. The dual operation mode filter is provided with a housing defining at least two cavities, an input port and an output port. It is also provided with a non-superconducting resonator disposed in a first one of the cavities and a superconducting resonator disposed in a second one of the cavities. The second resonator comprises a superconducting material containing 8-15% silver. The dual operation mode filter filters at a relatively high level at temperatures below a threshold temperature and at a lower, conventional level, at temperatures below the threshold.

Abstract: Miniature double-throw microwave switches are disclosed in this invention. In one embodiment a miniature double-throw electromagnetic switch for microstrip transmission lines is provided. A cantilever, which forms a part of an input transmission line, with a permanent magnetic film can be pulled down or pushed up by an applied magnetic field to make electrical contact with either one of two output transmission lines. The applied magnetic field is generated by applying a positive or negative current to a miniature electromagnetic coil mounted under the cantilevers. In another embodiment, a miniature double-throw microwave switch with two cantilevers attached to the input transmission line is disclosed for microstrip transmission lines. The magnetic polarizations of the permanent magnetic films on the two cantilevers are controlled in such a way that when a magnetic field is applied, one cantilever will be pulled downward to make electrical contact to a first output transmission line.

Abstract: A filter of microwave and millimetric bands with spurious characteristic controlled is disclosed. A filter circuit on a top surface of the substrate including resonators electromagnetically resonating and coupled at a resonance frequency at a microwave band and a millimeter wave band, for filtering an input signal from the connectors through the resonator and outputting the filtered signal through the connector. The filter circuit is contained in a metal box including a top plate confronting the top surface and the filter circuit, side walls, and a bottom plate. An inside surface of the top plate has a shape other than a flat plane to control the spurious characteristic, that is, a protrusion. The bottom plate of the metal box may be coalesced. The spurious characteristic may be controlled by a hollow portion in the top plate. The protruding portion may be provided to the side walls. The spurious frequency may be controlled by a dielectric plate in the space in the shielding.