Abstract: A deicing product comprising a mixture having, based upon the total weight of solid in said deicing product between 12% and 75% acetate salts, trace amounts and 36% carbonate salts, 1 and 24% formate salts, 1 and 32% pseudolactate salts. The cations of said salts are selected from the class consisting of sodium, magnesium, calcium, potassium. Lignin fractions and low molecular weight sugars may also be present, as well as other chemicals derived from the method of making black liquor and this new product. A method of making same is disclosed. It comprises using a black liquor obtained from a pulp mill operation, fractionating said black liquor into a low molecular weight fraction, concentrating said collected low molecular weight fraction to produce a concentrated deicing product.

Abstract: An apparatus for improving the quality of paper manufactured from a contaminated fibrous stock having therein recycled paper pulp and contaminants smaller than a predetermined size and with a specific gravity approximately that of the specific gravity of whitewater used in the production of recycled paper stock comprises a hydrokinetic amplifier having a mixing chamber connected to each of a steam inlet, a stock inlet, a chemical feed inlet, an overflow discharge and a venturi. The venturi is connected to an outlet of the hydrokinetic amplifier. The apparatus also includes a pulper, a dump chest, a cyclone separator, a pressure screen, a vibratory screen, a holding tank, a pump, and various auxiliary pumps, valves, piping and sources of steam and whitewater.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for selectively moving the slice lip of a headbox of a papermaking machine. The apparatus includes a housing secured to the headbox with the housing defining an elongate chamber. A control rod has a first and a second end with the first end being connected to the slice lip and the second end defining a longitudinally-threaded surface. A rotatable member is disposed within the chamber, the rotatable member defining an internally-threaded bore which cooperates with the threaded surface of the control rod such that when the member rotates within the chamber, the control rod is moved axially relative to the housing for selectively moving the slice lip. A motor is rigidly secured to the housing and is drivingly connected to the rotatable member for selectively rotating the rotatable member relative to the housing.

Abstract: A pressurized disc type refiner having parallel discs housed inside a pressurized chamber and a fluid conveying passageway for removing refined fibrous material entrained in steam is equipped with a second fluid conveying passageway. Fins on the one of the rotating discs impede the entrance of refined fibrous material into the second passageway by centrifugal force so that the steam conveyed in that passageway will be substantially free of entrained fibrous material.

Abstract: All of the essential operating parts for converting an existing Fourdrinier paper machine into a top former are carried by a supplemental frame assembly which can be mounted on the main Fourdrinier frame with no modification of the latter except the addition of a pair of pivotal mountings and a pair of adjusting jacks for the supplemental frame assembly. The primary operating parts of the top wire assembly are a hollow foraminous roll and a top deflector which cooperate to collect and deliver liquid extruded through the top wire into a receptacle which is carried by the supplemental frame assembly. Provision is also made for operating the resulting top former in roll formation mode, blade formation mode, or a combination roll and blade formation mode.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for removing ink particles from an inked paper product which includes a conveyor for conveying the paper product along a path, the conveyor being constructed of a semi-permeable material that passes the ink particles while retaining the paper product. Vacuum boxes are positioned proximate to a first side of the conveyor for establishing a pressure differential across the conveyor and across a first segment of the path to draw the ink particles from the paper product through the conveyor. Shower heads on a second side of the conveyor directed a liquid toward the conveyor and on to the paper product as the paper product is advanced along the second segment of the path.

Abstract: The device comprises a head box with a nozzle for applying a pulp suspension on a wire located below the nozzle. A pressure plate is located after the nozzle over the pulp suspension. The pressure plate comprises a concave formed portion, against which the pulp suspension is sprayed, and a subsequent convex formed portion. The fiber web is formed in a forming zone where dewatering is effected in that the convex portion of the pressure plate and an unsupported portion of the wire are pressed against each other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a twin wire former. It aims at resolving the difficulties with respect to the retention of fine raw material and the coupling strength in the thicknesswise direction of a paper sheet without deteriorating the formation and without causing problems associated with high speed operation. A top wire (34) is partly provided with a portion in which a water-impermeable belt (35) travels along the inside of its loop. Dewatering in this portion is effected only on one side, that is, on the side of the bottom wire (33). Also in this portion, wrapping angles for the wires (33) and (34) are varied by adjusting the positions of a plurality of rolls (3), (17) and (23) or shoes (14) and (18) to improve the formation, and thereafter, dewatering on the side where dewatering has been suppressed by the above-mentioned belt (35) is also effected.

Abstract: White water at a high speed of current occurs in the region of a forming roll in a paper machine running at a high speed. The white water is caught in a white water trough which is provided with deflection vanes and is carried substantially at the initial speed by means of a duct (1) out of the ground plan of the paper machine to a stilling tower (2) standing adjacent to the paper machine, to feed the inner wall of a screen wall (3) of a screen cage, which wall is arranged in the stilling tower. The wall (3) is curved and has openings (4) for the white water to pass through. They are designed to peel off in layers the film of white water which is sent along the wall (3) and to deflect the jets of white water passing through the openings (4) radially outwards to the wall (3) against an outer wall (5) of the stilling tower (2), where the actual deceleration of the current takes place in several individual jets.

Abstract: An extended nip press for a paper machine for removing water from a wet paper, cardboard or similar fibrous or porous web. The press comprises a rotating press roll and at least one loading shoe, which is pressed against the press roll so as to form an extended press zone. The loading shoe may pivot around an axis parallel to the axis of the press roll. The web to be dewatered is passed through the pressing zone together with at least one felt that receives water. The loading shoe is supported onto the support frame by the intermediate of a support means. The center of gravity of the support force applied by the support means to the shoe is displaceable in the direction of running of the web to be dewatered for the purpose of adjustment of the pressure pattern produced in the press zone when different paper qualities are run.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and means of increasing capacity and improving the chemical recovery process when using a conventional soda recovery boiler for recovering chemicals out of spent sulphate liquors. The spent sulphate liquor is supplied in full or in part to a liquor gasifier (8) while external energy independent of combustion is simultaneously supplied (at 16, 17). The temperature and oxygen potential are carefully controlled independently of each other by means of controlled supply of the energy. The product thus obtained is thereafter introduced in full or in part into a soda recovery boiler (1).

Abstract: Waste paper fibers containing tacky impurities processed for the preparation of recycle paper fiber products in the presence of a surface-active tertiary amine or tertiary or quaternary ammonium compound, thereby reducing discoloration and tackiness.

Abstract: A press belt arrangement in which none of the compressive forces on the central drum are transmitted to the supporting frame. It provides a method in which a greater compressive force in relationship to belt tension is applied to the drum. The invention makes it possible to construct the central drum so that large quantities of heat can be fluxed through it for purposes of achieving the fast drying rates long sought in the industry.

Abstract: A process and a secondary pulper used in a system for waste paper conditioning wherein the secondary pulper has a tumbling space separated from an accepted stock space by a screen. The secondary pulper includes a central drain line through which a fraction of fiber suspension enriched with light dirt is removed at one end of the secondary pulper, and a circumferential line through which a fraction of the fiber suspension enriched with heavy dirt is removed from the secondary pulper. A pulp inlet sleeve surrounds the central drain line and receives fiber suspension enriched with heavy dirt from the circumferential drain line through a conduit from the circumferential drain line to the pulp inlet sleeve so that the fiber suspension enriched with heavy dirt enters the tumbling space adjacent the entrance to the central drain line.

Abstract: A novel apparatus for uniformly dispersing paper raw material in a paper making machine, in which a dewatering limit member impermeable to water is provided for covering two wires travelling along a curved surface of a wire support and for providing an adjustable urging force against the support, and thereby a dewatering limit region is defined such that the interval between the support and the dewatering limit member is decreased and then increased in a wedge-like manner along the direction of travelling of the wires.

Abstract: A two stage sulfonation system includes a mixing tank, a retention tank, a thickening press, a pressurized vessel, and a liquor recovery press in series relation.The system is designed to receive mechanical pulp, in a slurry form, first introduced into the mixing tank simultaneously with a metered charge of sodium sulfite solution from the holding tank, the sodium sulfite content of which is at a level from about 40 to about 200 g/l. The solution is mixed into the slurry to provide a relatively uniform and intimate contact thereof with its fiber content. This slurry is transferred to the retention tank and there held subject to a sub-boiling temperature between 140 to 210 degrees F., producing a first stage sulfonation of the fiber content. The slurry is then passed to the pressurized vessel, in the course of which it is subjected to a pressing action, extracting liquor which inherently contains a majority of the original sodium sulfite charge directed to the mixing tank.

Abstract: In an extended nip proess including a stationary support member, a hydraulically actuatable press shoe supported on and extending along the support member and a rotatable counter-roll opposed to and extending along the direction of the press shoe, there is a flexible, tubular press jacket which rotates around the support member and which is sealed so as to be inflatable by air. Before rotation of the counter-roll starts, the press jacket is air inflated and expands to partially wrap around the counte-roll. After rotation of the counter-roll and the press jacket begins, and only after a set minimum velocity has been exceeded, then the press shoe is fluid pressurized against the press jacket. At the time, the air pressure in the press jacket is reduced. Various control devices control the feed of pressure liquid to the press shoe and the feed of air to the press jacket until and then after a minimum speed level is exceeded.

Abstract: A pressing machine includes a roller and a pressing shoe which can be moved towards and away from the roller to exert pressure on the roller or on a material in a gap between the shoe and the roller. The shoe is mounted in a pressure chamber to which hydraulic pressure medium can be supplied to move the shoe. Upon movement towards the roller, the shoe applies pressure over a zone extending for a part of the circumference of the roller. Means is mounted on the pressing shoe for altering the length of this zone in the circumferential direction of the roller. To this end, the shoe may have two movable jaws which establish said zone, the jaws being movable by adjusting means over a cylindrical surface of said shoe which has substantially the same centre of curvature as the roller. The pressing shoe is particularly advantageous in a paper machine for dewatering a web of paper or for supporting the rollers of a rolling apparatus.

Abstract: A wire former comprising a structural framework, a headbox for holding and dispensing the pulp slurry, a breast roll, a couch roll, a forming fabric belt extending endless between the breast roll and the couch roll in a straight run, and drainage elements and suction devices underlying said straight run for extracting liquid from the slurry. The forming fabric is a multi-ply fabric, the uppermost ply being a self-sustaining weave with monofilament warp yarns of a given diameter interwoven with shute yarns, the lowermost ply being a weave with a series of generally ovate warp yarns having a vertical dimension generally equal to the diameter of the warp yarns of the uppermost ply, interwoven with shute yarns. The ovate warp yarns have a horizontal width in the shute direction substantially greater than their vertical dimension. Binder shute yarns interconnect the upper and lower plies by being interwoven with the upper and lower plies so as to be contained within the body of the multi-ply fabric.

Abstract: Extended nip presses for papermaking machines and the like are provided with electromagnets immediately adjacent the press nip to create or augment the nip pressures or loads. The electromagnets have massive, wide large areas, establishing a concentrated magnetic field between conforming opposite sides of the entire nip area eliminating gaps heretofore encountered in magnetic presses. Non-magnetic belts convey wet webs through the nips of dewatering presses and dry web calendering presses can have the webs directly engage a calender roll conveying the web through the nip.