Abstract: A flat display device, preferably of the PALC type, in which the plasma channels are formed by etching laterally-spaced slots in a spacer plate, attaching a thin dielectric sheet over the etched spacer plate, and bonding the etched spacer plate to a transparent substrate such that each channel is formed by the portion of the substrate between flanking walls formed by the etched slots in the spacer plate, adjacent flanking walls in the spacer plate, and the overlying portion of the thin dielectric sheet. By positioning the flanking walls between channel electrode pairs, thus providing glass-to-glass interfaces, anodic bonding can be employed to assemble the three channel elements. Etching can be simplified by pre-attaching the unetched channel plate to the substrate or thin dielectric cover sheet with an intervening etch stop, and etching in situ using the-etch stop to prevent etching of the substrate or thin dielectric cover sheet.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of forming a monomolecular chemisorption film having an excellent uniformity and liquid crystal alignment performance with a high production efficiency. The monomolecular chemisorption film of the invention can be suitably used for liquid crystal alignment layers.

Abstract: A tipless arc tube for a high intensity discharge lamp and method of manufacture wherein the arc tube may remain open to an uncontrolled atmosphere during the step of hermetically scaling the arc tube. The novel arc tube and method obviate the need to perform any process steps within a controlled atmosphere. The pressure of the fill gas sealed within the arc tube may be controlled by controlling the temperature of the fill gas during the step of hermetically sealing the arc tube. The novel arc tube and method obviate the need to use a pump to control the fill gas pressure.

Abstract: An electrode in a plasma display panel and a fabrication process thereof that is capable of reducing a line width of the electrode without increasing a resistance component of the electrode. In the method, a bus electrode is provided by laminating a metal film on a certain substrate and then patterning it. A transparent electrode is provided on the substrate in a shape of surrounding the bus electrode. Accordingly, the electrode is provided by the metal film such that a limit for a selection in a width or thickness of the electrode, so that a line width of the electrode can be reduced to improve the visible light transmissivity and the electrode is formed into a large thickness instead of making a minute electrode width to lower the resistance component, thereby reducing a power consumption of the PDP.

Abstract: Wire-coated graphite electron emitters are disclosed. These field emitters find particular usefulness in field emitter cathodes, display panels and lighting devices. These graphite field emitters can be formed by coating a paste comprised of graphite and glass frit onto the wire, firing the paste and bombarding the fired product with an ion beam.

Abstract: A white light source using carbon nanotubes and a fabrication method thereof are provided. The white light source includes a metal film which is formed on a lower substrate and used as a cathode, a catalytic metal film formed on the metal film, carbon nanotubes which are vertically aligned on the catalytic metal film for emission of electrons in an applied electric field, spacers mounted on the catalytic metal film, and a transparent upper substrate which has a transparent electrode for an anode and a fluorescent body on the transparent electrode, and which is mounted on the spacers such that the fluorescent body faces the carbon nanotubes. The catalytic metal film is composed of isolated nano-sized catalytic metal particles. The carbon nanotubes are grown from each of the catalytic metal particles to be vertically aligned on the substrate by chemical vapor deposition.

Abstract: The adjustment apparatus automatically adjusts the position and angle of a deflection yoke attached to the neck part of a cathode ray tube. A cathode ray tube having a deflection yoke as an adjustment target attached to its neck part is fixed to a predetermined adjustment position such that its tube axis extends in the horizontal direction. The adjustment apparatus holds a deflection yoke attached to the neck part of the cathode ray tube fixed to an adjustment position by means of a hold mechanism. A test image displayed through a fluorescent surface of the cathode ray tube is picked up by a plurality of cameras. The deflection yoke held by the hold mechanism is moved based on image data picked up by the cameras. The position and angle of the deflection yoke with respect to the neck part are automatically adjusted.

Abstract: A vehicle-lamp assembly apparatus having: a lower jig (120) for supporting a workpiece (300), a jig support table (10) on which the lower jig (120) is positioned and mounted, and an upper jig (110) incorporating the lower jig (120) as a jig (100) by vertically engaging therewith, supporting any other workpiece (200) when necessary and including electric equipment (530) and (540) which functions to perform predetermined processes to the workpiece. The apparatus also includes an upper jig support plate (24) for supporting the upper jig (110) incorporated via a coupling mechanism (27) in a suspended condition, and an elevator mechanism (22) for moving up and down the upper jig support plate (24) with respect to the jig support table (10). First and second connector portions (510 and 520) are automatically joined together and separated from each other without making the worker do so by hand and this eliminates the possibility of connecting the connector portions improperly.

Abstract: The present invention provides an AC memory type plasma display panel comprising a pair of substrates and stacked together via a sealing member so as to have a discharge space therebetween, and discharge electrodes and a dielectric layer covering the discharge space therebetween, and discharge electrodes and a dielectric layer covering the discharge electrodes formed on at least one of the substrates. The dielectric layer is formed on the surface of the substrate including a display region and a portion outside the display region in which the sealing member is located. The thickness of the portion for bonding of the sealing member outside the display region is smaller than the thickness of the portion corresponding to the display region.

Abstract: A method of producing an electron-emitting device includes the steps of forming a pair of electrodes and an electrically-conductive thin film on a substrate in such a manner that the pair of electrodes are in contact with the electrically-conductive thin film and forming an electron emission region using the electrically-conductive thin film, wherein the method is characterized in that a solution containing a metal element is supplied in a droplet form onto the substrate thereby forming the electrically-conductive thin film.

Abstract: A plasma display panel including a barrier rib for separating a discharge space thereof into a discharge cell unit and a method of fabricating the barrier rib. The barrier rib is formed by utilizing an electro plating technique. Accordingly, it is possible to shield electrical and optical interference between discharge cells and to improve the radiation efficiency. The barrier rib fabricating method is so simple that it can obtain an improvement of the productivity and a reduction of the manufacturing cost.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a phosphor ink applying device that can apply phosphor ink in a plurality of lines to an intricately-shaped surface of a back panel of a PDP while preventing phosphor colors mixing. A valve is provided for the aperture of each nozzle of the phosphor ink applying device and the opening and closing of each valve is controlled according to the shape of the portion of the surface to which ink is to be applied. In this way, mixing of colors can be prevented on an intricately-shaped back panel such as that with auxiliary barrier ribs.

Abstract: A process of a pixel electrode of a direct-sight type of reflection type liquid-crystal display device is simplified. A pixel electrode 120 of a reflection type liquid-crystal display device is formed of an aluminum film which is formed by sputtering. In forming the aluminum film, moisture is intentionally contained in atmosphere, and also a sample is heated. With this process, aluminum grains grow so that irregularities of &mgr;m order is formed on the surface of the aluminum film. The aluminum film thus formed allows the incident light to be irregularly reflected so that it is in a visually white muddy state. This is suitable to the pixel electrode for the reflection type liquid-crystal display device.

Abstract: To obtain a stable image forming apparatus of a high quality without a luminance fluctuation and a color mixture due to a positional deviation, the following construction is disclosed. A method of manufacturing an image display apparatus in which a first substrate on which fluorescent body exciting means is arranged and a second substrate on which a fluorescent body that emits light by the fluorescent body exciting means is arranged are arranged so as to face each other and are adhered through joining members at their peripheries, wherein a seal bonding step of adhering the first and second substrates through a joining members and a step of performing a position matching of the first and second substrates are executed in a vacuum.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an image forming apparatus having an envelope made of members inclusive of a first substrate and a second substrate disposed at a space being set therebetween, image forming means and spacers disposed in the envelope, the spacers maintaining the space, the method comprising the steps of forming a spacer having a desired shape by cutting a spacer base member, and abutting the spacer upon the first and second substrates at non-cut surfaces of the spacer.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence element includes a substrate carrying a transparent electrode; a plurality of organic functional layers including an organic light-emitting layer deposited on the transparent electrode; and a metal electrode over the organic functional layers. A part of the organic functional layers covering any foreign body is melted, regardless of whether or not the foreign body has been on the transparent electrode so that the melted part of the organic functional layer on the foreign body is merged into the organic functional layer stacked on the transparent electrode around the foreign body, so as to enclose the solid foreign body in the organic functional layer.

Abstract: A display panel such as a plasma display panel is provided in which an electromagnetic-wave shielding material is integrated whereby electromagnetic-wave shielding efficiency is imparted to a display panel itself. A transparent film 2 having a conductive pattern 3 is bonded to a front surface of a plasma display panel 20 by transparent adhesives 4A. The conductive pattern 3 is in a mesh form having a line width of 50 &mgr;m or less and an open area ratio of 75% or more and is formed by vapor plating or liquid phase plating. To form a conductive pattern, dots 12 are printed on a transparent film 11 by using material which is soluble in solvent such as water. Then, a conductive material layer 13 is formed so as to cover over all the dots 12 and exposed portions of the transparent film 11. The film 11 is cleaned by the solvent such as water. By the cleaning process, the soluble dots 12 are dissolved and the conductive material on the dots 13 are also removed from the film 11.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp comprises a glass tubular body defining a discharge space, and first and second electrode assemblies mounted in the discharge space in opposition to each other, each of the electrode assemblies comprising a first electrode and a second electrode. Each of the first electrodes comprises a metal lead wire with an electron-emitting material disposed on a free end thereof, and each of the second electrodes comprises a cup-shaped tube coaxially surrounding one of the first electrodes and the electron-emitting material disposed on the first electrode. The second electrode tube and the electron emitting material therein form an annular gap therebetween.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a phosphor ink applying device that can apply phosphor ink in a plurality of lines to an intricately-shaped surface of a back panel of a PDP while preventing phosphor colors mixing. A valve is provided for the aperture of each nozzle of the phosphor ink applying device and the opening and closing of each valve is controlled according to the shape of the portion of the surface to which ink is to be applied. In this way, mixing of colors can be prevented on an intricately-shaped back panel such as that with auxiliary barrier ribs.

Abstract: The present invention is an environmental barrier for an OLED. The environmental barrier has a foundation and a cover. Both the foundation and the cover have a top of three layers of (a) a first polymer layer, (b) a ceramic layer, and (c) a second polymer layer. The foundation and/or the cover may have a at least one set of intermediate barrier each having (a) an intermediate polymer layer with (b) an intermediate ceramic layer thereon. In a preferred embodiment, the foundation has a substrate upon which at least a top is deposited. An OLED is constructed upon the top, opposite the substrate. The cover of at least a top then placed over the OLED. The placement may be by gluing or preferably by vacuum deposition. For use as a display, it is preferred that either the ceramic layer(s) in the foundation, cover or both is substantially transparent to the light emitted by the OLED. Each layer of the foundation and the cover is preferably vacuum deposited.