Abstract: A full-angle coincidence brain PET detector and apparatus, including a plurality of PET detection modules, each of which includes PET detection crystals, a photoelectric sensor array and light guides, all the detection crystals being arranged towards a cavity. The detection modules form a chamber having an opening, each dimension of the cavity is no greater than 35-50 cm, the opening is located at a lower side of the chamber. A cross-sectional area at the opening is greater than a maximum cross-sectional area of a head in a horizontal direction. Except for the opening, all the detection modules are non-detachably connected together. All cross-sectional areas of gaps between the detection modules are less than ½ to ? of the area of the smallest one of the detection crystals. At least 75% to 80% of a coincidence event occurring at a center of the chamber is detected by the detection modules.

Abstract: Improved devices, systems and methods for measuring in situ saturations of non-aqueous phase liquids and/or petroleum in media such as soil. A clear or otherwise UV-transparent well for detecting fluorescence in a soil column having a transparent casing and an oil sensing device positioned in the well configured to monitor the soil column. A method for real-time estimation of LNAPL saturations in media, including emplacing a UV-transparent well in the media and recording fluorescence in the media via an oil sensing device.

Abstract: An device for detecting electron beam comprises a porous carbon material layer, a Faraday cup and an image display. The porous carbon material layer comprises a plurality of carbon material particles and a first through hole. A plurality of micro gaps exist between the plurality of carbon material particles. A cross-sectional area of the first through hole is less than or equal to a cross-sectional area of the electron beam. The Faraday cup is under the porous carbon material layer and comprises an opening. The opening and the first through hole penetrate with each other. The image display is electrically connected to the porous carbon material layer and configured to form an image with different colors according to charge generated in the porous carbon material layer. A method for detecting electron beam using the device for detecting electron beam is also provided.

Abstract: A method and device construction for detecting of hiding places with smuggled materials in the extremely heavy railway loads transporting iron ore by the means of neutron beam are disclosed. Upon the scanning of the iron ore load with neutrons the searched cavities or leaden containers with contraband are expressed by reducing of the flow of passing neutrons. The outline width of the scanned load is measured by dimension detectors. Values of differences between the scanned widths of the load and the outline widths are measures of the cavity dimensions with smuggled materials and said measures are included into the neutron radiographic image.

Abstract: Methods for imaging a sample using fluorescence microscopy, systems for imaging a sample using fluorescence microscopy, and illumination systems for fluorescence microscopes. In some examples, a method includes positioning the sample such that a plane of interest of the sample is coplanar with a focal plane of a detection objective of a microscope. The method includes positioning a paraboloidal mirror around the sample such that a focal point of the paraboloidal mirror is coplanar with the focal plane of the detection objective and the plane of interest of the sample. The method includes directing a beam of annularly collimated excitation light on the paraboloidal mirror to focus a disc of light on the sample and thereby to provide 360 degree lateral illumination of the sample. The method includes imaging the sample through the detection objective.

Abstract: A gamma ray spectrum unfolding method for elemental capture spectroscopy logging and a device therefor including the steps of first preprocessing the data obtained from an elemental capture spectrometry instrument; constructing a primary element group and an auxiliary element group according to the degree of interactions among the elements via theoretical analysis and numerical calculation of spectrum profiles, characteristic peak channels, and backgrounds of different elements; unfolding by using the least square method based on the construction of the primary element group and the auxiliary element group; and finally reconstructing the spectrum based on theory according to the yield of each element obtained by unfolding with the least square method, and comparing the measured gamma ray spectrum with the reconstructed gamma ray spectrum for error control, thereby improving the spectrum unfolding precision.

Abstract: The sample imaging apparatus includes: a housing that forms a closed space; a transparent tray on which a sample is placed in the housing; a plane light source that is formed by using a flat light guide plate, which propagates light emitted by a light emitting element in a plane direction, so as to illuminates the sample with illumination light through the tray in the housing; a lens that is disposed in the housing so as to face the plane light source with the tray interposed between the lens and the plane light source and is used for imaging the sample; and an imaging control unit that adjusts a focal length of the lens and performs imaging in a case of imaging the single sample.

Abstract: A semiconductor-based light emitting platform (LEP) comprising a heated blackbody radiator wherein the light emitting platform is thermally isolated by nanowires having ultra-low thermal conductivity. In embodiments, the pixel is structured for broadband emission with a platform comprising an infrared surface structured for high emissivity within a broadband wavelength range. In other embodiments radiation is confined to a limited bandwidth by metamaterial and other resonant filters. In embodiments, the internal efficiency of the LEP configured for broadband operation can be higher compared with an LED.

Abstract: A device and methods for performing a simulated CT biopsy on a region of interest on a patient. The device comprises a gantry (22) configured to mount an x-ray emitter (24) and CT detector (26) on opposing sides of the gantry, a motor (28) rotatably coupled to the gantry such that the gantry rotates horizontally about the region of interest, and a high resolution x-ray detector (172) positioned adjacent the CT detector in between the CT detector and the x-ray emitter.

Abstract: The disclosure features methods that include exposing a biological sample to illumination light and measuring light emission from the sample to obtain N sample images, where each sample image corresponds to a different combination of a wavelength band of the illumination light and one or more wavelength bands of the light emission, where the one or more wavelength bands of the light emission define a wavelength range, and where N>1, and exposing the sample to illumination light in a background excitation band and measuring light emission from the sample in a background spectral band to obtain a background image of the sample, where the background spectral band corresponds to a wavelength within the wavelength range.

Abstract: A thermal pixel configured as an electromagnetic emitter and/or an electromagnetic detector. The thermal pixel comprises a micro-platform suspended with semiconductor nanowires from a surrounding support platform. The nanowires comprise phononic structure providing a decrease in thermal conductivity. In some embodiments, the pixel is structured for operation within a broad bandwidth or a limited bandwidth. Metamaterial and/or photonic crystal filters provide pixel operation over a limited bandwidth. In some other embodiments, the micro-platform comprises a nanotube structure providing a broadband emission/absorption spectral response.

Abstract: A thin film radiation detection device includes a photosensitive p-n diode, a polysilicon thin film transistor (TFT), a radiation detection layer, and a substrate. The photosensitive p-n diode and the TFT are formed on the substrate. The radiation detection layer is formed above the substrate and receives multiple radiations. The photosensitive p-n diode receives a conversion output signal from the radiation detection layer and generates a detector signal. The TFT generates an amplified signal based on the detector signal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for forming a radiation detector. The method comprises forming a radiation absorption layer and bonding an electronics layer to the radiation absorption layer. The electronics layer comprises an electronic system configured to process electrical signals generated in the radiation absorption layer upon absorbing radiation photons. The method for forming the radiation absorption layer comprises forming a trench into a first surface of a semiconductor substrate; doping a sidewall of the trench; forming a first electrical contact on the first surface; forming a second electrical contact on a second surface of the semiconductor substrate. The second surface is opposite the first surface. The method further comprises dicing the semiconductor substrate along the trench.

Abstract: An apparatus for updating a bio-information estimation model according to an aspect of the invention includes: a data obtainer, which in response to a bio-information estimation model not being valid, is configured to obtain in vivo updating spectra measured during a predetermined period of time from a time when it is determined that the bio-information estimation model is not valid; and a processor configured to determine validity of the bio-information estimation model, and to update the bio-information estimation model using the obtained in vivo updating spectra and in vivo spectra used for generating the bio-information estimation model.

Abstract: A problem addressed by the present invention is to provide a scintillator panel having excellent sensitivity and sharpness, and the spirit of the present invention is that the scintillator panel includes a base plate and a scintillator layer containing a binder resin and a phosphor, said scintillator layer further containing a compound represented by the following general formula (1) and/or a salt thereof; (wherein, in the general formula (1), R represents a C1-30 hydrocarbon group; m represents an integer of 1 to 20; n represents 1 or 2; and when n is 2, a plurality of Rs may be the same or different).

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion apparatus includes a semiconductor substrate, a first semiconductor region of a first conductivity type, a second semiconductor region of a second conductivity type, an embedded electrode, and an insulation member arranged between the embedded electrode and the first semiconductor region and the second semiconductor region. A deepest portion of the embedded electrode is arranged at a position deeper than a p-n junction surface of the first semiconductor region and the second semiconductor region. A potential difference between the first semiconductor region and the second semiconductor region is a potential difference at which avalanche multiplication does not occur, and a potential difference between the embedded electrode and the second semiconductor region is a potential difference at which avalanche multiplication occurs.

Abstract: A system is provided. The system includes a conveyor apparatus configured for conveying a material and a water content measurement system positioned about the conveyor apparatus for determining water content in the material. A dimension characteristic measurement system for detecting one or more dimension characteristics of the material is provided and a computer device is configured to manipulate data received from the water content measurement system and the dimension characteristic measurement system to determine a water content of the material.

Abstract: A CPU and an FPGA of the imaging control device receive first identification information and a preparation completion signal indicating that preparation for receiving radiation has been completed from a radiation detector and transmit the first identification information and irradiation conditions of the radiation associated with the first identification information to a radiation generation unit. Then, the CPU and the FPGA receive, from the radiation generation unit, second identification information copied from the first identification information by the radiation generation unit in a case in which irradiation with radiation has succeeded. Then, the CPU and the FPGA collate the first identification information and the second identification information, and determine whether or not to perform automatic brightness control, which sets a brightness level of the radiographic image to a prescribed level and updates the irradiation conditions on the basis of the radiographic image, according to a collation result.

Abstract: A detector array for a radiation system includes a radiation detection sub-assembly, a routing sub-assembly, and an electronics sub-assembly. The routing sub-assembly is disposed between the radiation detection sub-assembly and the electronics sub-assembly and includes one or more layers of shielding material. For example, the routing sub-assembly may include a printed circuit board having embedded therein a shielding material configured to shield the electronics sub-assembly from at least some radiation. In some embodiments, the shielding material defines at least one opening through which a conductive element(s) passes to deliver signals between the radiation detection sub-assembly and the electronics sub-assembly.

Abstract: A scintillator panel including a scintillator layer that converts incident radiation into light and a scintillator base that supports the scintillator layer, a sensor panel including a sensor substrate that is disposed on a side of the scintillator layer that is opposite to the scintillator base and has a photoelectric conversion portion that converts the light into an electric signal, and a sensor base that is disposed on the side of the sensor substrate that is opposite to the scintillator layer and supports the sensor substrate, and a sealing member that seals a gap between the scintillator panel and the sensor panel at an edge of the scintillator panel are comprised. The sensor panel is provided with a convex member for narrowing the gap at a position in a vertical direction to a surface of the sensor panel from the edge of the scintillator panel.