Abstract: Provided is a compact device which captures, over a large solid angle range, electrically charged particles emitted from a point source and parallelizes the trajectories of said charged particles. The present invention is configured from: an electrostatic lens comprising a plurality of axisymmetric electrodes (10-14) and an axisymmetric aspherical mesh (2) which has a surface that is concave away from the point source; and a flat collimator plate (3) positioned coaxially with the electrostatic lens. The acceptance angle for the electrically charged particles generated from a point source (7) is ±30° or greater. The shape of the aspherical mesh (2), and the potentials and the positions of a ground electrode (10) and application electrodes (11-15) are adjusted so that the trajectories of the electrically charged particles are substantially parallelized by the electrostatic lens. The electrostatic lens and the flat collimator plate are positioned on a common axis.

Abstract: An electron microscope includes an electron source, an extraction electrode that extracts an electron beam emitted from the electron source, a monochromator having an energy filter that disperses the electron beam emitted from the electron source based on an energy thereof and an energy selection slit that selects the energy of the electron beam, an incident-side electrode provided between the extraction electrode and the monochromator, and an incident-side electrode controller that controls the incident-side electrode based on a change in a voltage applied to the extraction electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed herein a high temperature plasma raw material supply apparatus capable of appropriately supplying high temperature plasma raw materials in which impurities are suppressed to a reservoir reserving high temperature plasma raw material in a liquid state. A tin filling mechanism includes a raw material reservoir unit rotatably arranged and configured to reserve a plurality of high temperature plasma raw materials in a solid state; a supply nozzle configured to supply the high temperature plasma raw materials to an outside of the raw material reservoir unit; a load lock unit provided between a housing and a chamber; and a supply path unit configured to guide the high temperature plasma raw materials supplied from the supply nozzle to the load lock unit. At least a part of the supply path unit is provided with a hole formed smaller than the high temperature plasma raw material in the solid state.

Abstract: A method of mass spectrometry is disclosed comprising passing ions to an oversampled Time of Flight mass analyser (4) and sequentially recording ion signals on a plurality of different channels (51, 52) to obtain a plurality of first oversampled mass spectral data sets of reduced complexity. An upstream separation device (3) may be provided to further reduce the complexity of each of the mass spectral data sets.

Abstract: Mobility analyzer comprising a first electrode and a second electrode, one of said electrodes being grounded and the other of said electrodes being connectable to a high-voltage source, which analyzer further comprises an aerosol inlet and a sheath flow outlet as well as at least one sample flow channel with a sample inlet and a sample outlet, wherein the electrodes are embodied in a plastic material provided with an electrically conductive coating.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to methods of analyzing crude oil. In certain embodiments, methods of the invention involve obtaining a crude oil sample, and subjecting the crude oil sample to mass spectrometry analysis. In certain embodiments, the method is performed without any sample pre-purification steps.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and systems for improved detection and/or quantification of selenium (Se) and/or silicon (Si) in samples. In certain embodiment, the methods and systems feature the use of carbon dioxide (CO2) as a reaction gas in a reaction cell chamber, such as a dynamic reaction cell (DRC), of an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). It is found that the use of CO2 as a reaction gas effectively eliminates (or substantially reduces) interfering ionic species for the analytes Se and Si, particularly in samples with complex matrices, and/or in samples with low levels of analyte, thereby enabling more accurate detection of analyte at lower detection limits and in samples having complex matrices.

Abstract: A radiotherapy apparatus includes a rotatable drum on which is mounted a gantry arm carrying a radiation source. The arm extending from the drum to a location of the radiation source is offset from the axis of rotation of the drum and oriented towards the axis. The radiotherapy apparatus further includes a mechanism configured to apply a tilt to the arm at one or more rotational orientations of the drum. The rotatable drum is supported on wheels beneath the drum, and the mechanism is an eccentric mechanism within the wheels and is configured to apply the tilt to the arm via the wheels.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a device for changing a shape of a surface of an optical element via electron irradiation. The device includes an electron irradiation unit for radiating electrons onto the surface with a locally resolved energy dose distribution for the purpose of producing local material densifications in the optical element. Furthermore, the device includes a control unit for determining a locally resolved energy dose distribution from a predefined desired change of a surface shape of the optical element by optimization via a minimization of a merit function, in such a way that a difference between the desired change and an actual change of the surface shape of the optical element, the actual change being brought about on account of the predefinition determined, is minimized.

Abstract: An extreme ultraviolet light generation device may include: a chamber in which extreme ultraviolet light is generated from plasma generated by irradiating a target with laser light output by a laser device, in a generation region therein; a target supply unit configured to output the target as a droplet toward the generation region; a droplet detector configured to detect the droplet in a detection region; and a controller. The droplet detector may transmit, to the controller, a pass timing signal indicating a timing when the droplet passes through the detection region. The controller may include a noise compensation unit configured to compensate for noise of the pass timing signal caused by an electromagnetic wave from the plasma, and transmit a trigger signal that gives a trigger to output the laser light to the laser device based on the pass timing signal in which the noise is compensated for.

Abstract: The invention relates to mass spectrometric analyses of heavy molecules and molecular complexes having molecular weights sometimes well above 100,000 daltons, by collision treatment in linear RF multipole collision cells. A mixture of at least one light collision gas (<40 daltons) and at least one heavy collision gas (>80 daltons) is provided in a linear RF collision cell. The heavy collision gas results in high-momentum and high-energy collisions, which leads to splitting and further fragmentation of portions of the heavy molecular (complex) ions. For this purpose, the molecular (complex) ions are axially injected into the collision cell at kinetic energies of several hundred electronvolts per charge; due to the collisions with the heavy collision gas molecules they are deflected from the axis and excited to undergo strong oscillations in the radial direction in the focusing RF field. The light collision gas serves in turn for damping these oscillations.

Abstract: The system described herein relates to a method for generating a composite image of an object using, for example, a particle beam device such as an electron beam device and/or an ion beam device. A composite image is generated by relatively arranging a first sub image to a second sub image such that the first sub image overlaps the second sub image in the entire common region, a calculated first image position of a first marking in the first sub image is arranged on the first image position of the first marking in the second sub image, and a calculated second image position of a second marking in the first sub image is arranged on the second image position of the second marking in the second sub image.

Abstract: An X-ray based inspection systems providing radiographic imaging for cargo inspection and material discrimination with adaptive control dependent upon characteristics of the cargo under inspection. A packet of X-ray pulses with controllable packet duration is produced that allows multi-energy material discrimination in a single scan line and real-time adjustment of packet duration to adapt to cargo attenuation. In addition, adaptive dynamic adjustment of the operational characteristic of the detector channels increases the effective dynamic range and as a result increases the penetration and range of thicknesses where material discrimination is possible. The material discrimination technique is applied within a single packet of short pulses of several hundred nanoseconds. Feedback from the detection system is used to control the packet duration of each packet of X-ray pulses in order to adapt scan parameters to the object that is being imaged.

Abstract: The invention provides a radiation irradiation device that can appropriately manage the residual capacity of a battery without being influenced by the internal resistance of the battery. The radiation irradiation device includes a radiation generating part that generates radiation; a battery part that supplies electric power to the radiation generating part; and a residual capacity calculation part that calculates the residual capacity of the battery part. The residual capacity calculation part calculates the residual capacity of the battery part on the basis of a current flowing into the battery part, an internal resistance of the battery part, and a voltage of the battery part.

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring of an ion beam. The apparatus may include a processor; and a memory unit coupled to the processor, including a display routine, where the display routine operative on the processor to manage monitoring of the ion beam. The display routine may include a measurement processor to receive a plurality of spot beam profiles of the ion beam, the spot beam profiles collected during a fast scan of the ion beam and a slow mechanical scan of a detector, conducted simultaneously with the fast scan. The fast scan may comprise a plurality of scan cycles having a frequency of 10 Hz or greater along a fast scan direction, and the slow mechanical scan being performed in a direction parallel to the fast scan direction. The measurement processor may also send a display signal to display at least one set of information, derived from the plurality of spot beam profiles.

Abstract: A germicidal device is disclosed. The germicidal device may include a flexible panel that can be rolled up and/or folded. A plurality of LEDs embedded in the panel and a plurality of lenses are embedded in the panel. The panel includes an input connector coupled to the panel that receives input at a first voltage from a power source. The LEDs are coupled to the input connector and provided a second voltage that is suitable for operating the LEDs. The panel also includes one or more output connectors on the panel. The output connectors provide the first voltage as an output voltage from the panel. The panel may be coupled to additional panels with the additional panels receiving the first (output) voltage from the first panel as input voltage to the additional panels.

Abstract: Provided herein are approaches for in-situ plasma cleaning of one or more components of an ion implantation system. In one approach, the component may include a beam-line component, such as an energy purity module, having a plurality of conductive beam optics contained therein. The system further includes a power supply system for supplying a voltage and a current to the beam-line component during a cleaning mode, wherein the power supply system may include a first power plug coupled to a first subset of the plurality of conductive beam optics and a second power plug coupled to a second subset of the plurality of conductive beam optics. During a cleaning mode, the voltage and current may be simultaneously supplied and split between each of the first and second power plugs.

Abstract: On field ionization under ambient conditions is described and applied on both ionization and desorption of various chemicals and biochemical present on the surface of materials in solid, liquid or gas states. The Atmospheric Pressure Megavolt Electrostatic Field Ionization Desorption (APME-FID) method generates ions directly from the surface of samples connected to a high electrical voltage at megavolt conditions. Megavolt electrostatic potential is generated and gradually accumulated directly on the sample surface by a Van de Graaff generator without causing damage to the sample. Therefore, when coupled with mass spectrometric system, the APME-FID-MS method enables direct detection of analytes on the surface of samples in different sizes and diverse types.

Abstract: The invention concerns a radiation protective material, which comprises a fibrous material with composite filaments including a radiopaque substance. The filaments are structured in a regular pattern to form the radiation shielding material.

Abstract: A shutter moves along a surface of a partition wall provided between two spaces different in pressure, which faces the space higher in pressure, to open and close an aperture formed on the partition wall with an amount of force smaller than conventional shutters require. The shutter includes: a plate-shaped first member arranged in a manner of moving along a surface of the partition wall, which faces one of the two spaces higher in pressure, to open and close the aperture, the first member being provided, in a region which corresponds to the aperture, with a small aperture having an area smaller than the area of the aperture, and a plate-shaped second member arranged in a manner of moving along a surface of the first member, which faces the space higher in pressure, to open and close the small aperture.