Abstract: Disclosed is a method for concentrating extracellular vesicles, comprising preparing a mixture comprising a first fraction and a second fraction by mixing a liquid sample comprising extracellular vesicles, a polysaccharide, and a polyether having an average molecular weight of 20,000 or less, wherein the first fraction comprises a higher concentration of extracellular vesicles than the second fraction, and the first fraction comprises a higher concentration of extracellular vesicles than the liquid sample.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of identifying, isolating, and enabling downstream analysis of circulating tumor cells comprising contacting a blood or blood serum sample of a subject with a composition comprising a phospholipid ether analog bound to a luminescent molecule or a magnetic bead and subjecting the blood or blood serum sample of the subject to fluorescent microscopy, flow cytometry or magnetic isolation.

Abstract: A colorimetric sensor for detecting an analyte of interest in a fluid sample includes a lamellar photonic material having alternating layers of a first polymer layer and a second polymer layer. Each first polymer layer can be a molecularly imprinted polymer defining a cavity shaped to receive an analyte of interest. The photonic material is configured such that, when an analyte contacts the photonic material and becomes disposed within a cavity of the molecularly imprinted polymer, a refractive property of the photonic material changes, causing a detectable color change in the sensor.

Abstract: The use of mass defect signatures to impart milliDalton mass differences between isotopically labeled peptides at the MS1-level allows multiplex quantification without the increased mass spectral complexity that occurs with mass difference approaches. Provided herein is a mass defect-based chemical tag, dimethyl pyrimidinyl ornithine (DiPyrO), that is compact and easy to synthesize at high purity in few steps using commercially available starting materials. The multiplex DiPyrO tags are amine-reactive and can impart a mass difference onto labeled peptides and through calculated substitution of heavy isotopes. DiPyrO offers up to 10-plex quantification on current Orbitrap or FT-ICR platforms without increasing mass spectral complexity. The synthesis of the DiPyrO tag is provided along with viability of the DiPyrO tag for labeling complex proteomics samples using yeast extract digests and its effect on labeled peptides during LC-MS2 analysis.

Abstract: A method of mass spectrometry determines if a mutated variant of a target protein is present in a sample. The method includes subjecting the sample to fragmentation so as to cause the target protein to fragment to form second generation fragment ions, and then mass analysing these fragment ions to obtain spectral data. The method determines if a mutated variant is present in the sample by determining that an ion in the spectral data has a mass to charge ratio that differs from the mass to charge ratio of an ion that would be observed if the target protein was a normal unmutated version of the target protein, and by an amount that corresponds to a mass difference that would be caused by the target protein being a mutated variant of the target protein.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to methods for analyzing a metabolite level in a sample. In certain embodiments, methods of the invention may involve obtaining a sample, analyzing the sample using a mass spectrometry technique to determine a level of at least one metabolite in the sample, and correlating the metabolite level with an originating source of the sample, thereby analyzing the sample.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an in vitro method for releasing analytes from a sample involving contacting the sample with (i) a chaotropic agent, (ii) an organic solvent, (iii) a detergent, and (iv) at least one agent providing bicarbonate ions. The present disclosure further relates to a release agent for releasing analytes from a sample having the aforesaid compounds. Moreover, the present disclosure relates to uses, kits, methods and devices related to the method and the release agent of the present disclosure.

Abstract: An optically transparent matrix including a molecule containing a hydroxyazobenzene group or its derivative embedded in the matrix. An optical system including the optically transparent matrix, an isomerizing light source, and one or more light detector(s) for measuring absorbance changes from the optically transparent matrix. A method for measuring the quantity of hydrogen bonding gaseous molecules.

Abstract: Provided herein are isotopically labeled reagents, including isotopically labeled small molecules and peptides, that can be used to detect and/or quantify ?-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) in a sample. The reagents can be used as stable isotope labeled standards in analytical methods, including in conjunction with mass spectrometry, to detect and/or quantify BMAA in a sample, such as a protein sample from a subject.

Abstract: Detection of nitroxyl (HNO), the transient one-electron reduced form of nitric oxide, is a significant challenge owing to its high reactivity with biological thiols (rate constants as high as 109M?1 s?1). Reported herein is a new thiol-based HNO-responsive trigger that can compete against reactive thiols for HNO. This process forms an N-hydroxysulfenamide intermediate which cyclizes to release a masked fluorophore leading to fluorescence enhancement. To ensure a rapid cyclization step, the disclosed design capitalizes on two established physical organic phenomena: the alpha-effect and the Thorpe-Ingold effect. Using this new trigger, NitroxylFluor was developed; a selective HNO-responsive fluorescent probe. Treatment of NitroxylFluor with an HNO donor results in a 16-fold turn-on. This probe also exhibits excellent selectivity over various reactive nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur species and efficacy in the presence of thiols (e.g., glutathione in mM concentrations).

Abstract: AIE-active chemosensors, according to the present teachings, exhibit UV-vis absorption change and become non-luminescent upon protonation. Upon deprotonation, the chemosensors revert to their original absorption and emission. This deprotonation process can be triggered in the presence of amines, and specifically, biogenic amines. The chemosensors can detect amine species, e.g., biogenic amines produced during food fermentation, quickly and with high sensitivity. Further, due to the AIE nature of the compounds, the chemosensors can be loaded onto a physical support and sealed inside a food package to monitor food spoilage.

Abstract: The invention relates to the identification of polymer materials on the basis of the fluorescence decay time of the intrinsic fluorescence of the polymer materials for definite sorting in a completely separated manner. The invention further relates to marking with fluorescent dyes, which, because of the specific fluorescence decay times of the fluorescent dyes, can further increase the sorting reliability by means of redundancy and can be used to identify particular batches.

Abstract: Control of fluid flow in a fluidic network is provided by controlling phase transitions of a phase-change material between a liquid phase and a non-fluid phase. The phase-change material is disposed at ports of the fluidic network where the fluidic network is in communication with an ambient. This advantageously provides control of pressure-driven flow within the fluidic network without altering properties of fluids within the fluidic network.

Abstract: A separation container for extracting a portion of a sample for use or testing and method for preparing samples for downstream use or testing are provided. The separation container may include a body defining an internal chamber. The body may define an opening, and the body may be configured to receive the sample within the internal chamber. The separation container may further include a seal disposed across the opening, such that the seal may be configured to seal the opening of the body, and a plunger movably disposed at least partially inside the internal chamber. The plunger may be configured to be actuated to open the seal and express the portion of the sample.

Abstract: Problems relating to metal corrosion in petroleum exploitation plants are monitored by methods, which include the following steps: i. Modifying the petroleum water content ii. Measuring the metal corrosion of metal in contact with the petroleum of step i. iii. Building, by repeating step i and step 2 several times, a database of water content values and values of metal corrosion corresponding to the respective water content values, and iv. Processing the database to determine an optimum value or an optimum range of values of water content (Mw) of the petroleum when metal corrosion shows a minimum value (MCR).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a microfluidic device. The microfluidic device includes an input zone adapted to receive a carrier fluid medium and a sample in suspension in the carrier fluid medium, the sample comprising at least one population of cells or microparticles, a confinement zone adapted to confine a selected amount of the sample, and an output zone adapted to discharge the carrier fluid medium and the sample in suspension in the carrier fluid medium.

Abstract: A blood coagulation analyzer and analyzing method perform following: (a) preparing a measurement specimen by dispensing a blood specimen and a reagent into a reaction container; (b) emitting light of a plurality of wavelengths to the measurement specimen in the reaction container, the wavelengths comprising a first wavelength for use in a measurement by a blood coagulation time method, and at least one of a second wavelength for use in a measurement by a synthetic substrate method and a third wavelength for use in a measurement by an immunoturbidimetric method; (c) detecting light of a plurality of wavelengths corresponding to the light emitted in (b), from the measurement specimen, by a light receiving element, and acquiring data corresponding to each wavelength; and (d) conducting an analysis based on the data corresponding to one of the wavelengths among the acquired data, and acquiring a result of the analysis.

Abstract: Provided herein are reagents, methods and biochemical markers for identifying individuals with glucoregulatory dysfunction and providing therapeutic intervention for individuals identified as at risk for glucoregulatory dysfunction. Specifically provided herein are methods for identifying a subject with glucoregulatory dysfunction based on changes in fasting blood lipid concentrations including, inter alia, diacylglycerols.

Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and methods of determining quality compliance for a set of biological sample testing devices used with one or more test instruments at the point-of-care in a hospital or other location that delivers medical care. In particular, the systems and methods ensure that only biological sample testing devices that pass a quality assurance protocol are used for point-of-care testing.

Abstract: Provided are methods and/or systems having advantages of cost effective, time saving, and informative user-friendly characteristics to accomplish trait introgression. The methods provided comprise determining presence of omega-3 fatty acids (for example docosahexaenoic acid or DHA; docosapentaenoic acid or DPA; Alpha linolenic acid or ALA; and eicosapentaenoic acid or EPA) using Fourier Transformed infra Red (FTIR) spectrum. The use of FTIR enables analysis of the oil contained in the seeds using a multivariate-based Mid-FTIR model. The methods and/or systems provided advantages of non-destructive analysis to provide information to facilitate trait introgression and other breeding applications.