Abstract: A method of crosslinking a hetero-bifunctional photo crosslinking compound to an immunoglobulin having at least one heterocyclic photo reactive group and at least one non-photo reactive group where the non-photo reactive group is coupled to an effector molecule and the photo reactive group is coupled to the nucleotide binding site of an immunoglobulin. Alternatively, the photo crosslinker contains an orthogonal reactive group such as a thiol, which can be coupled to an effector molecule or functionalized ligand.

Abstract: Provided are devices and methods featuring a nanoelectronic interface between graphene devices (for example, field effect transistors or FETs) and biomolecules such as proteins, which in turn provides a pathway for production of bioelectronic devices that combine functionalities of the biomolecular and inorganic components. In one exemplary application, one may functionalize graphene FETs with fluorescent proteins to yield hybrids that respond to light at wavelengths defined by the optical absorption spectrum of the protein. The devices may also include graphene in electronic communication with a biomolecule that preferentially binds to a particular analyte.

Abstract: Provided is a method of obtaining an index value used for pathological tissue diagnosis of prostate cancer, which method has low invasiveness and can be performed at a low cost. The method is a method of estimating a Gleason score that represents the malignancy of prostate cancer, which method includes: measuring the content of a prostate-specific antigen having an N-acetylgalactosamine residue at a non-reducing terminal of a sugar chain in a sample; and estimating that the Gleason score is 7 or higher when the thus measured value is larger than a threshold value, or estimating that the Gleason score is 6 or lower when the measured value is smaller than a threshold value. The prostate-specific antigen is preferably quantified by a method including the step of binding a molecule having an affinity for ?-N-acetylgalactosamine residue, such as Wisteria floribunda lectin, soybean agglutinin, Vicia Villosa lectin or an anti-?-N-acetylgalactosamine antibody, to the prostate-specific antigen.

Abstract: The present invention provides a glucose sensor having a glucose receptor containing a binding site of formula (I): wherein X, n, m and R1 are defined herein. Also provided is a glucose sensor molecule for use in such a glucose sensor, the glucose sensor molecule containing the binding site of formula (I). The binding site has been found to have particularly good selectivity for glucose.

Abstract: Nanodiamond particles and related devices and methods, such as nanodiamond particles for the detection and/or quantification of analytes, are generally described. In some embodiments, the device comprises a plurality of nanodiamond particles and a species bound to the nanodiamond particles. In certain embodiments, the plurality of nanodiamond particles may be exposed to a sample suspected of containing an analyte. In some cases, the analyte may bind to the species such that the presence of the analyte in the sample may be detected. In some embodiments, the devices, systems, and methods described herein are useful for the detection of an analyte in a sample obtained from a subject for, for example, diagnostic purposes. In some cases, the systems, devices, and methods described herein may be useful for diagnosing, prevent, treating, and/or managing a disease or bodily condition.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the invention provide TiO2 nanoshell particles, methods of fabricating TiO2 nanoshell particles, and methods of enriching peptides in a sample using TiO2 nanoshell particles.

Abstract: A process for monitoring binding events, a coating compound, and a device for monitoring binding events are disclosed. The process includes providing two reservoirs that contain an electrically conductive fluid, wherein the reservoirs are separated by a membrane having a nanopore. The process also includes selecting a target compound, selecting a ligand based on the selection of the target compound, and preparing a coating that includes the coating compound, wherein the coating compound includes the ligand and a moiety that immobilizes the ligand. Additionally, the process includes applying the coating to the inner surface of the nanopore, adding the target compound to a conductive liquid in the first chamber, establishing a voltage gradient across the membrane, and electrically monitoring translocation of the target molecule. The device includes the reservoirs and the membrane having the coated nanopore.

Abstract: The invention encompasses methods and test strips for detecting the presence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in a biological sample comprising removing sialo-transferrin and selectively detecting or measuring asialo-transferrin in the biological sample.

Abstract: For fluorescent nanoparticles having a zeta potential of ?10 mV to ?60 mV at pH 7.0 or a zeta potential of 0 mV to ?10 mV in a buffer of pH 6.0 to 8.0, an appropriate electrical repulsive force can be generated between biomolecules that are generally negatively charged and the fluorescent nanoparticles. As a result, non-specific binding between the fluorescent nanoparticles and the biomolecules is suppressed and the fluorescent nanoparticles are specifically bound to a biomolecule to be stained through interaction stronger than the electrical repulsive force, so that the visibility of the specific biomolecule to be stained can be improved. Further, since an appropriate electrical repulsive force is also generated between the fluorescent nanoparticles themselves, aggregation of the fluorescent nanoparticles can be inhibited and the dispersibility in a staining solution can thereby be maintained.

Abstract: Nanodiamond particles and related devices and methods, such as nanodiamond particles for the detection and/or quantification of analytes, are generally described. In some embodiments, the device comprises a plurality of nanodiamond particles and a species bound to the nanodiamond particles. In certain embodiments, the plurality of nanodiamond particles may be exposed to a sample suspected of containing an analyte. In some cases, the analyte may bind to the species such that the presence of the analyte in the sample may be detected. In some embodiments, the devices, systems, and methods described herein are useful for the detection of an analyte in a sample obtained from a subject for, for example, diagnostic purposes. In some cases, the systems, devices, and methods described herein may be useful for diagnosing, prevent, treating, and/or managing a disease or bodily condition.

Abstract: Semiconductor nanocrystals prepared using a mixture of organic ligands (e.g., oxoacids), as well as compositions, kits, and methods of using such semiconductor nanocrystals are disclosed.

Abstract: SUSD2 protein is used as a marker in identification, selection or separation of pancreatic internal secretion precursor cells and/or newborn pancreatic internal secretion cells; and a use of an mRNA, for encoding the SUSD2 protein, of a precursor protein as the marker in identification of the pancreatic internal secretion precursor cells and/or the newborn pancreatic internal secretion cells. Analysis of gene expression of pancreatic endoderm cells sourced by induced directional differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells finds the enrichment expression of a SUSD2 gene in the pancreatic internal secretion precursor cells and the newborn pancreatic internal secretion cells. A protein encoded by the SUSD2 gene is a receptor protein on cell membranes. Using the protein as the marker, the identification, the selection or the separation of the pancreatic internal secretion precursor cells and the newborn pancreatic internal secretion cells can be conducted.

Abstract: The compositions described herein include a substrate, wherein the substrate is a metal, metal oxide, metal nitride or a silicon containing material; a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) bonded to the substrate, wherein the self-assembled monolayer comprises: a surface binding unit bonded to the substrate, wherein the surface binding unit is selected from the group consisting of hydroxamates, phosphonates, catechols, halosilanes, alkoxysilanes, phosphonic acids, alkenes, alkynes, alcohols, 1,2-diols, and thiols; a separator unit bonded to the surface binding unit; a mass altering unit bonded to the separator unit; and a detector unit bonded to the separator unit.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods, compositions and kits for labeling of target proteins such as antibodies. The methods, compositions and kits are suited for labeling of such proteins that are mixed with other non-target molecules including BSA, gelatin, and other complex biological molecules.

Abstract: Problems to be Solved The present invention provides an affinity support capable of trapping a substance by cooperative binding that is less likely to cause dissociation even when the substance is a molecule other than an antibody, and a trapping method using the same. Means to Solve the Problems A method of trapping a substance comprising the step of contacting an objective to be trapped with an affinity support comprising a support, a spacer bound to the support and an affinity substance bound to the spacer, so as to bind the objective to be trapped to the affinity substance, wherein each one of the objective to be trapped has a plural of affinity sites and the affinity substance binds to at least two of the affinity sites simultaneously.

Abstract: The invention is related to the field of biotechnology, specifically to the investigation of biomolecular interactions and sensing of biomolecules using a surface plasmon resonance. The biological sensor and a method of its production based on the thin films of graphene, graphene oxide, or single-walled or multi-walled carbon nanotubes are described. The technical results of the invention are a high sensitivity of the biosensor in combination with a high biospecificity; an expansion of the range of device applications; the protection of the metal film from an environmental exposure; the possibility to detect large biological objects.

Abstract: Methods, systems, compositions and kits are provided for the analysis of target molecules using chromophoric polymer dots conjugated to biomolecules. The use of chromophoric polymer dots improves detection sensitivity and stability when compared with existing techniques. In some aspects, methods, systems, and kits are provided for detecting a target protein using chromophoric polymer dots conjugated to biomolecules in a Western blot analysis. Related methods, systems, compositions and kits are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a simultaneous analysis method for a target using a plurality of metal nano-tags and, more particularly, to a simultaneous analysis method for a target using a plurality of metal nano-tags, wherein the method fuses a nano-particle technology on the basis of an antigen-antibody reaction, which is a conventional biological immune response, and simultaneously diagnoses a plurality of target materials by using a plurality of antigen-antibody reactions and a plurality of metal nano-tags, thereby enhancing diagnostic effect.

Abstract: A sensor for detecting an analyte can include a photoluminescent nanostructure embedded in a sensor hydrogel. The sensor hydrogel can be supported by a substrate hydrogel.

Abstract: A method for assaying endoglycosidase activity includes providing a proteoglycan having a glycosaminoglycan chain with a non-reducing end; treating the proteoglycan with a glycosyltransferase to incorporate a carbohydrate into the non-reducing end of the glycosaminoglycan chain, wherein the carbohydrate includes a click chemistry moiety; adding a label to the proteoglycan, wherein the label includes a click chemistry moiety that reacts to the click chemistry moiety of the carbohydrate such that the label attaches to the carbohydrate to form a labeled proteoglycan; immobilizing the labeled proteoglycan on a multi-well plate, wherein the multi-well plate includes a specific anti-proteoglycan antibody for binding the labeled proteoglycan; treating the labeled proteoglycan with an endoglycosidase specific to the glycosaminoglycan chain; and detecting the labeled proteoglycan.