Abstract: An analytical method that establishes a thermodynamic equilibrium or known dynamic relationship between the concentrations of gases, natural gas liquids and oils or pressures of gasses in an isolated zone of a shale, or group of distinct shale gas intervals, with the concentrations of fluids or pressures of gasses in a wellbore penetrating the shale interval or intervals. An analytical method for identifying the chemical composition of gas, natural gas liquids and oils and determining their origin in an isolated zone of a shale, or group of distinct shale gas intervals with the identification of chemical composition of gas, natural gas liquids and oils in a wellbore penetrating the shale interval or intervals. A surface measurement apparatus capable of performing the measurement ex-situ. A downhole measurement apparatus capable of reliably performing the measurement in-situ and a downhole straddle-packer assembly capable of isolating part of, or an entire shale interval.

Abstract: In a memory module including a plurality of DRAM chips which transmit/receive a system data signal with a predetermined data width and at a transfer rate and which transmit/receive an internal data signal having a larger data width and a lower transfer rate as compared with the system data signal, the transfer rate of the system data signal is restricted. Current consumption in DRAMs constituting the memory module is large, hindering speed increases. For this memory module, a plurality of DRAM chips are stacked on an IO chip. Each DRAM chip is connected to the IO chip by a through electrode, and includes a constitution for mutually converting the system data signal and the internal data signal in each DRAM chip by the IO chip. Therefore, wiring between the DRAM chips can be shortened, and DLL having a large current consumption may be disposed only on the IO chip.

Abstract: A three-dimensionally stacked nonvolatile semiconductor memory of an aspect of the present invention including conductive layers stacked on a semiconductor substrate in such a manner as to be insulated from one another, a bit line which is disposed on the stacked conductive layers, a semiconductor column which extends through the stacked conductive layers, word lines for which the stacked conductive layers except for the uppermost and lowermost conductive layers are used and which have a plate-like planar shape, memory cells provided at intersections of the word lines and the semiconductor column, a register circuit which has information to supply a potential suitable for each of the word lines, and a potential control circuit which reads the information retained in the register circuit in accordance with an input address signal of a word line and which supplies a potential suitable for the word line corresponding to the address signal.

Abstract: Channel coupling effects during verify and read of non-volatile storage are mitigated by matching the amount of channel coupling that occurs during read with channel coupling that occurred during verify. All bit lines may be read together during both verify and read. In one embodiment, first bias conditions are established on bit lines when verifying each of a plurality of programmed states. A separate set of first bias conditions may be established when verifying each state. Biasing a bit line may be based on the state to which a non-volatile storage elements on the bit line is being programmed. A separate set of second bias conditions are established for each state being read. The second bias conditions for a given state substantially match the first bias conditions for the given state.

Abstract: Data is programmed into and read from a set of target memory cells. When reading the data, temperature compensation is provided. The temperature compensation is based on temperature information and the state of one or more neighbor memory cells. In one embodiment, when data is read from set of target memory cells, the system senses the current temperature and determines the differences in temperature between the current temperature and the temperature at the time the data was programmed. If the difference in temperature is greater than a threshold, then the process of reading the data includes providing temperature compensation based on temperature information and neighbor state information. In one alternative, the decision to provide the temperature compensation can be triggered by conditions other than a temperature differential.

Abstract: A nonvolatile semiconductor memory device includes: a memory unit; and a control unit. The memory unit includes: first and second memory strings including first and second memory transistors with first and second select gates, respectively; and first and second wirings connected thereto. In a selective erase operation of a selected cell transistor of the first memory transistors, the control unit applies V1 voltage to the first wiring, applies V2 voltage lower than V1 to a selected cell gate of the selected cell transistor, applies V3 voltage not higher than V1 and higher than V2 to a non-selected cell gate of the first memory transistors, applies V1 or V4 voltage not higher than V1 and not lower than V3 to the first select gate, and applies V2 or V4 voltage higher than V2 and not higher than V3 to the second wiring or sets the second wiring in a floating state.

Abstract: Methods and non-volatile storage systems are provided for detecting defects in word lines. A “broken” word line defect may be detected. Information may be maintained as to which storage elements were intended to be programmed to a tracked state. Then, after programming is complete, the storage elements are read to determine which storage elements have a threshold voltage below a reference voltage level associated with the tracked state. By tracking which storage elements are in the tracked state, elements associated with other states may be filtered out such that an accurate assessment may be made as to which storage elements were under-programmed. From this information, a determination may be made whether the word line is defective. For example, if too many storage elements are under-programmed, this may indicate a broken word line.

Abstract: A system and method providing a testing, monitoring and debugging framework that supports testing web clients with complex and advanced feature sets. The system and method allows multiple web clients to be simultaneously tested on the same physical machine without conflict and records a full range of performance and debugging information by providing detailed measurements at a combination of application and networking layers.

Abstract: Telephone call routing in networks is provided by forwarding routing data other than origination identification and destination identification in-band with calls, and using the in-band data at call destinations to do further routing. In some embodiments negotiation is accomplished between routers at different points in the network based on the in-band routing data. Practice of the invention extends to intelligent telephony networks and as well to simulated telephone calls between computers in wide area data networks, such as the Internet and Intranets.

Abstract: A system and method for Internet Protocol (IP) flow classification group IP flows in a packet-centric wireless point to multi-point telecommunications system is disclosed. The method comprises analyzing an IP flow in a packet-centric manner, classifying the IP flow, scheduling the IP flow for transmission over a shared wireless bandwidth between a wireless base station and at least one subscriber customer premises equipment (CPE) station, allocating the shared wireless bandwidth to a communication of the IP flow between the wireless base station and a subscriber CPE station so as to optimize end-user quality of service (QoS) associated with the IP flow.

Abstract: A method of programming a nonvolatile memory device comprises applying a program voltage to a selected wordline to program selected memory cells, and performing a verify operation by applying a verify voltage to the selected wordline to determine the programming status of the selected memory cells. The verify operation applies the verify voltage to the selected wordline at least two different times to divide the selected memory cells into at least three regions corresponding to different threshold voltage ranges.

Abstract: Telephone call routing in networks is provided by forwarding routing data other than origination identification and destination identification in-band with calls, and using the in-band data at call destinations to do further routing. In some embodiments negotiation is accomplished between routers at different points in the network based on the in-band routing data. Practice of the invention extends to intelligent telephony networks and as well to simulated telephone calls between computers in wide area data networks, such as the Internet and Intranets.

Abstract: When erasing non-volatile storage, a verification process is used between erase operations to determine whether the non-volatile storage has been successfully erased. The verification process includes separately performing verification for different subsets of the non-volatile storage elements.

Abstract: Shifts in the apparent charge stored on a floating gate (or other charge storing element) of a non-volatile memory cell can occur because of the coupling of an electric field based on the charge stored in adjacent floating gates (or other adjacent charge storing elements). The problem occurs most pronouncedly between sets of adjacent memory cells that have been programmed at different times. To account for this coupling, the read process for a particular memory cell will provide compensation to an adjacent memory cell in order to reduce the coupling effect that the adjacent memory cell has on the particular memory cell.

Abstract: A method for delivering messages in a telecommunications network where the first text-form message of the session N is delivered to the user of the service such that the sender address (the A number) is converted to correspond to the session number N and the session stage J, in stages 2-n of the session N, a text-form message is received from the user of the message service at the sender address defined in the message in the previous stage, and the session proceeds according to the contents of the message such that the sender address (the A number) is converted to correspond to the session number N and the new session stage J, and the next text-form message of session N is sent to the user of the message service.

Abstract: A method for locating a user in a wireless network is disclosed. A mobile computer seeking to determine its location within a building detects the signal strength of one or more wireless base stations placed at known locations throughout the building. The mobile computer uses this measured signal strength to determine its location via a signal-strength-to-location table look-up. A table of known locations within the building and the base station signal strength at those locations is searched to find the most similar stored signal strength to the signal strength detected. The location corresponding to the most similar stored signal strength is determined to be the current location of the mobile computer. Alternatively, a number of signal strengths from the table can be used and the corresponding locations can be spatially averaged to determine the location of the mobile computer.

Abstract: A memory device, a manufacturing method and an operating method of the same are provided. The memory device includes a substrate, stacked structures, a channel element, a dielectric element, a source element, and a bit line. The stacked structures are disposed on the substrate. Each of the stacked structures includes a string selection line, a word line, a ground selection line and an insulating line. The string selection line, the word line and the ground selection line are separated from each other by the insulating line. The channel element is disposed between the stacked structures. The dielectric element is disposed between the channel element and the stacked structure. The source element is disposed between the upper surface of the substrate and the lower surface of the channel element. The bit line is disposed on the upper surface of the channel element.

Abstract: A non-volatile semiconductor storage device includes: a memory cell array having memory cells arranged therein, the memory cells storing data in a non-volatile manner; and a plurality of transfer transistors transferring a voltage to the memory cells, the voltage to be supplied for data read, write and erase operations with respect to the memory cells. Each of the transfer transistors includes: a gate electrode formed on a semiconductor substrate via a gate insulation film; and diffusion layers formed to sandwich the gate electrode therebetween and functioning as drain/source layers. Upper layer wirings are provided above the diffusion layers and provided with a predetermined voltage to prevent depletion of the diffusion layers at least when the transfer transistors become conductive.

Abstract: A transmitting system, a receiving system, and a method for processing a broadcast signal are disclosed. The receiving system comprises a tuner, a channel equalizer, a turbo decoder, a demultiplexer, a first error correction decoder, a block deinterleaver, and a second error correction decoder. The tuner receives a broadcast signal including a data group. The data group comprises mobile service data, regularly spaced known data sequences, and signaling data. The turbo decoder performs turbo decoding for the signaling data included in the channel equalized broadcast signal in the channel equalizer. The block deinterleaver performs block deinterleaving for the turbo-decoded FIC data in a block unit of TNoG (the number of all data groups assigned to one subframe)×51 bytes.

Abstract: Anonymous voice communication between a first station and a second station is fascilitated by providing an interface that allows input of a transaction specification from at least one of the first and second stations. A reference code associated with the transaction is generated, there being a defined relationship between the reference code and the address of the second station for voice communication. The reference code is supplied to the first station, and a voice communication request and the reference code are recieved from the first station. The reference code is used to recover said address and a channel for voice communication is opened between said first and second stations. Voice communication can thereby be established between the first and second stations without providing the address of the second station to the first station. An Internet based service system may include one or more servers, software, or storage units for use in data mining user information.