Abstract: An electron gun for a cathode ray tube which comprises a triode, a bipotential main lens, and a unipotential prefocus lens, wherein the diameters of the beam passing holes of the middle electrode of the unipotential prefocus lens are greater than the diameters of the beam passing holes of the electrodes which are disposed upstream and downstream of the middle electrode, and the outer beam passing holes of the middle electrode are disposed outwardly eccentrically relative to the outer beam passing holes of the two electrodes which are disposed upstream and downstream of the middle electrode.

Abstract: A color display is disclosed that has on an inner display surface a periodic pattern of luminescent deposits having a smallest deposit-to-adjacent-deposit pitch "P-D". The display has on an outer surface glare reduction means in the form of an undulating periodic pattern of light-scattering elements whose smallest element-to-adjacent-element pitch "P-E" is significantly less than the pitch "P-D" to avoid moire effects, but significantly greater than the longest wavelength of visible light to minimize diffraction effects. The color display according to the invention may comprise a color cathode ray tube havbing a touch panel on its front surface.

Abstract: In a heater for an indirectly-heated cathode having a double helical structure, a film which can be removed by heating at the temperature of 250.degree. to 350.degree. C. is disposed between adjacent portions in a vertical direction, of a helical core wire coated with an insulating layer. Since this film is disposed, the occurrence of cracks in the insulating layer can be prevented so that the insulating property between the heater and a cathode sleeve do not gel deteriorated and clogging of an electron beam aperture of a shadow mask can be prevented, too.

Abstract: Synchrotron radiation is generated when a base of charged particles is bent by a bending magnet. The synchrotron radiation passes down a lead-out duct as the total number of pumps is limited by the size of the apparatus and many pumps are needed in order to achieve a good vacuum. An ion pump has a main magnetic field, normally generated by a magnet of the ion pump which controls the behavior of the electrons in the ion pump. However, the leakage magnetic field of the bending magnet affects the ion pump, and therefore the ion pump is arranged so that its main magnetic field is aligned with the leakage magnetic field at the ion pump, or at least with a main component thereof. In this way, the effect of the leakage magnetic field on the ion pump is reduced. Indeed, it is possible to use the leakage magnetic field as the main magnetic field of the ion pump.

Abstract: The invention concerns light emitting diode clusters assembly suitable for use in outdoor displays. The cluster on a circuit board is housed in a first socket open to its front and nested in an outer connector socket. Electrical wiring runs from the rear of the first socket via the connector socket to a source of electricity. The connector socket provides weather proofing and protects the circuit board from torque. Moreover, driver circuits of a display board into which the assembly is connected may be shielded from ultraviolet rays. A tubular visor may be provided to the front.

Abstract: A lamp for providing illumination to ultraviolet light-sensitive materials and including a coating for providing the lamp envelope with a safety coating for containing debris produced upon the lamp envelope being broken and for substantially absorbing the ultraviolet light.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-voltage electrode with a plurality of individual electrodes arranged mutually in parallel, these electrodes being electrically connected in groups or all of them together and being characterized in that the high-voltage electrode exhibits an elongated, elastically deformable strip of an electrically insulating material; that the individual electrodes are arranged perpendicularly to the longitudinal extension of the strip and project past one of the longitudinal edges of the strip with their tips; and that an electric conductor is mounted in the longitudinal extension to at least one flat side of the strip.

Abstract: Tungsten-halogen lamps operating at temperatures above 250.degree. C. which contain a mixture of phosphine, hydrogen, bromine and inert gas have been found to have superior life and lumen maintenance when the atomic ratio of phosphorus to bromine in the lamp is in the range of from 0.4-2.5.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube and an envelope for use with the color cathode ray tube in which a metal plate is interposed between a panel section and a plurality of funnel and neck sections, each of which combination having one electron gun disposed internally. The overall length of the envelope thus constructed can thus be shortened in the direction of the tube axis. The structure of the envelope can also be more simply made and ease of production provided. Further, the envelope can be made lighter in weight.

Abstract: An electron feed structure for a flat-type luminous device capable of permitting electron emitted from an electrons source to be uniformly fed throughout a display section. The electron feed structure includes an electron flow guide constituted by an inner guide electrode of a high voltage and an outer guide electrode of a low voltage, so that an electric field of a high voltage and that of a low voltage may be alternately formed to form electrostatic lenses in the guide, to thereby effectively prevent the function of the electron flow guide from being deteriorated.

Abstract: A protective beryllium oxide coating of suitable thickness is applied to the inner surface of the arc tube of a high-intensity, metal halide discharge lamp in order to avoid a substantial loss of the metallic portion of the metal halide fill and hence a substantial buildup of free halogen, thereby extending the useful life of the lamp. A preferred lamp structure includes a fused silica arc tube. The beryllium oxide coating is preferably applied to the arc tube by evaporating beryllium in the arc tube under non-oxidizing conditions, and then heating in an oxidizing atmosphere.

Abstract: A segmented electron multiplier is disclosed with front and rear sections. The sections are specially designed so that the length of the rear section compared to the length of the front section is no less than 4:1. This permits multiple replacements of the rear section, after the multiplier wears out, without any unsatisfactory drop in the overall electrical gain produced by the repaired device. In the preferred embodiment, the front portion is a funnel having a tubular stem, and the rear portion is a straight tube with a cylindrical helical inner channel. The length-to-length split is 5:1, which theoretically permits up to six or seven replacements of the rear section before unsatisfactory gain occurs.

Abstract: An ion trap for an electron beam generator consists of at least two electrically conductive elements which are in the form of a sector of a cylinder the elements being spaced apart from each other and together form a cylindrical form. Each element has end plates and a number of fins extending inwardly to the center of the cylindrical form. A recess in the form of a sector of a circle is located in each end plate and each fin adjacent to the center of the cylindrical form. These recesses form a central bore through which an electron beam from an electron gun travels, the electron beam and central bore being essentially of the same diameter. Each elements is attached to an outer envelope by an insulating element and a conductive lead is electrically connected to each element to maintain that element at a predetermined potential which deflects positive ions travelling along the beam path.

Abstract: A process for simultaneously checking the authenticity of information media and the authenticity of the information itself which involves scanning a portion of the information written on the media. The results of the scan are transformed into an electrical signal. The signal is analyzed by an appropriate algorithm that registers variations between the information as actually written and a theoretically perfect writing of the same information. The results of this analysis can be stored in the memory of the scanning apparatus or directly onto the media. Then each time the media is handled, the same section of information is rescanned, identically analyzed, and compared to the stored results of the initial scan.

Abstract: A keyboard arrangement, such as for a computer or the like, has a number of keys arranged in rows and columns. The keys of each row are associated with a respective conductor and the keys of each column are associated with a respective conductor. Each key, when depressed, interconnects the two conductors. An interrogator is provided to interrogate the rows respectively by transmitting pulses to the rows and to interrogate the columns, to determine the presence of a transmitted pulse. The interrogator is adapted to interrogate the rows in a random or quasi-random order during successive cycles of operation.

Abstract: A dynamic focusing electron gun for high resolution includes a triode part and a main lens. The main lens includes a first focusing electrode disposed proximate the triode part, a second focusing electrode disposed proximate an anode electrode, a static potential electrode and a dynamic potential electrode disposed between the first and second focusing electrodes to form a dynamic quadrupole lens. The dynamic focusing electron gun produces a high resolution image with a small radius beam spot with low astigmatism, low spherical aberration, and good voltage endurance characteristics.

Abstract: A tube type incandescent lamp having light-emitting parts and non-light-emitting parts, wherein a filament assembly comprises coiled filaments and short bars, which are arranged alternately, the short bars are separately held by their corresponding constricted portions provided in a tube envelope made of glass, and each of the light-emitting parts and the non-light-emitting parts is formed of a space portion surrounded by the tube envelope part between adjacent constricted portions. The outermost ones of the short bars in the filament assembly are shorter than the other short bars and two light-emitting parts are continuously formed at each outer portion of the incandescent lamp.

Abstract: An image intensifier tube having a photocathode, a microchannel plate and an anode. The anode includes a lens element with a phosphor screen deposited thereon as an output window. The lens element may take the form of either a plano-convex or plano-concave element and has either a spheric or aspheric curved surface. In a modified version a plano glass element is affixed to the plano surface of the lens element. Methods of forming the tube with the lens element are at the time the finished tube is assembled in the intensifier device or at the time the tube is constructed.

Abstract: An electron beam apparatus has a cylindrical chamber, ion pump exhaust zones arranged in a substantially ring-like array, and an electron gun located on the center axis of the ring-like array, thereby minimizing the distance between the exhaust zone of an ion pump and the electron gun for generating an electron beam. Since the ion pump exhaust zones are located immediately next to the electron gun, it is therefore possible to achieve substantially the same vacuum level at the location of the electron gun as that at the ion pump per se.

Abstract: An improved color picture tube includes a rectangular faceplate panel having two long sides and two short sides. A rectangular shadow mask is suspended at its four corners by support means within the panel adjacent to a cathodoluminescent screen located on the panel. The tube has three principal axes that are mutually orthogonal to each other. These axes include a longitudinal axis which extends through the center of the tube perpendicularly to the center of the panel, a major axis which passes through the center of the panel paralleling the long sides of the panel, and a minor axis which passes through the center of the panel paralleling the short sides of the panel. Each of the support means has a central support axis. The improvement comprises the two support axes on each side of the minor axis crossing a plane containing the longitudinal and major axes at a point located between the minor axis and a short side of the panel.