Abstract: Apparatus for splicing together opposite ends of a sheet of material, such as a photoconductor, to form an endless loop includes a generally cylindrical drum on which the sheet material is wrapped. The drum has edge portions that can be adjusted relative to each other to vary the circumference of the drum, and the sheet is wrapped on the drum with opposite ends of the sheet being in overlapping relationship adjacent the edges of the drum. The drum edges are adjusted relative to each other while a sensor detects the relationship between perforations or other identifiable features on the sheet. When a predetermined relationship is obtained, the opposite ends of the sheet are bonded together to form an endless loop. The apparatus produces a loop that is cylindrical in shape with the pitch of the perforations across the splice being equal to the pitch of the perforations in other portions of the loop.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a lens in which the lens composition is controlled by dynamic shaping and shadowing. A lens material is vaporized and directed to a substrate through an orifice which is rotating relative to the substrate about the lens axis and which has a non-uniform radial distribution. The lens material is condensed on the substrate to form a lens having a radially non-uniform but axially symmetrical distribution. Thereafter, the original orifice may be replaced by a complimentary orifice and another lens material vaporized and directed to the substrate through the replacement orifice which is also rotating relative to the substrate about the lens axis and which also has a non-uniform radial distribution. This second lens material condenses on the first condensed lens material to form a compound lens.

Abstract: A method for cooling a hot product gas containing adhesive or fusible particles include injecting a ring-shaped jet of a cooling fluid into a gas to be cooled in a cooling zone in a flow direction of the gas, with separation of the jet into a plurality of individual cooling fluid jets with mass and penetration depths corresponding to the mass of product gas streams flowing through individual ring-shaped parts of the cooling zone. The injection speed of the cooling fluid jets are selected so as to obtain a desired penetration depth.

Abstract: A process for the gasification of coal is described which comprises partially combusting particulate coal in a gasification reactor comprising a gasification zone and a water bath and producing a hot gaseous stream containing synthesis gas and flyash, and slag, in the gasification zone. The slag produced is allowed to discharge from the gasification zone into the water bath, the redox potential of the water bath being formulated or maintained at a level sufficient to inhibit sulfide presence or inclusion in the slag.

Abstract: A two-fluid nozzle for atomizing a liquid with a gas in which at least two conduits, a central and annular conduit, converge in an internal mixing zone for the liquid and gas, in which the nozzle has a central discharge orifice having a shoulder at its upstream end, and a two-piece, thermally resistant metal alloy heat shield for the central discharge orifice which the heat shield includes a retaining ring and an outwardly flaring liner for the outlet connected so that the retaining ring bears against the central outlet shoulder and is held in place by the flared construction at its downstream end, preferably the liner has heat conductive flexible packing disposed between its outside surface and the discharge orifice. The central discharge orifice may open into a protective cap which is cylindrical at one end and rounds out to an elliptical end surface.

Abstract: A laser (20) directs a laser beam at an optical fiber (12) and the resulting forward-scattered light is detected by a detector (21). The energy of the foward-scattered laser light is monotonically inversely proportional to the thickness of a carbon coating on the optical fiber. A computer (22) generates an electrical signal for controlling carbon coating thickness by driving a valve (24) to control the flow of acetylene from a source (14) used to coat the optical fiber in a coating chamber (13).

Abstract: A locking device is for an oven door of an oven which extends horizontally and includes an interior defined by interior walls and a door opening which is surrounded by a door frame. The door frame includes an external sealing surface. The oven door includes a sealing unit having peripheral edge portions for overlying and making sealing contact with the sealing surface of the door frame. The locking device includes a support frame which generally surrounds the sealing unit to overlie the peripheral edge portions thereof. There are included devices for anchoring the support frame to the door frame with the peripheral edge portions disposed therebetween. Contact pressure elements are disposed about the support frame in alignment with the peripheral edge portions. Apparatus is included for causing the contact pressure elements to produce a sealing force on the peripheral edge portions to produce the sealing contact with the sealing surface of the door frame.

Abstract: Toxic refractory organic substances are decomposed by reaction with oxygen and steam at a temperature in the range of 2500.degree. F. to 3200.degree. F. Such toxic refractory organic compounds as PCB's, may be completely destroyed without contamination of the environment.

Abstract: The apparatus for producing a product gas from a fine-grained carbon-bearing substance during a high-pressure gasification comprises a vertical gasifier and radiative cooling device, a vertical convective cooling device through which a flow occurs from top to bottom and a connecting pipe between a head of the gasifier and radiative cooling device and a head of the convective cooling device. The gasifier and radiative cooling device comprises a pipe-like shaft, a lower cinder outlet and an upper conical connecting piece for the connecting pipe. The shaft is constructed as an equal speed flow duct, which is not equipped for feeding a foreign cooling means, but is designed so that solidification of the accompanying cinders travelling with the product gas occurs by radiative cooling.

Abstract: The optical fibre to be protected is dipped into a bath of molten metal which solidifies on contact with the fibre and forms the desired sleeve. The fibre passses through dies immersed into the bath and of which the spacing is adjustable so as to vary the distance along which the fibre is in contact with the molten metal and, consequently, the thickness of the sleeve.

Abstract: This invention relates to a combination comprising two vertical cylindrical shaped high temperature pressure vessels coaxially connected. The upper vessel is a refractory lined free-flow partial oxidation gas generator for the production of gaseous mixtures comprising H.sub.2 +CO from liquid hydrocarbonaceous and solid carbonaceous fuels. The lower vessel houses a radiation gas cooler for cooling the raw gas stream which is produced in the upper vessel and which passes down through a coaxial vertical cylindrical annular shaped refractory throat located between said upper and lower vessels. A vertical steel cylindrical gas barrier provided with a flanged bottom surrounds the refractory throat passage so that substantially no gas escapes into a stagnant annular zone outside of said gas barrier. Further the refractory throat is vertically supported by said flanged gas barrier.

Abstract: Synthesis gas, reducing gas, or fuel gas is produced by the partial oxidation of bituminous coal at an autogenous temperature in the range of about 2000.degree. F. to 2700.degree. F. and at a pressure in the range of about 17 to 100 atmospheres to produce a raw effluent gas stream containing entrained molten slag and carbon-rich particulate material. After cooling, course slag and carbon-rich particulate material are separated. A fuel mixture comprising about 20 to 100 wt. % of said carbon-rich particulate material and the remainder comprising a supplemental fuel is reacted by partial oxidation at an autogenous temperature of about 2000.degree. F. to 2700.degree. F. and at a reduced pressure e.g. in the range of about 1 to 16 atmospheres and at least 16 atmospheres below the pressure in the partial oxidation reaction used to produce said carbon-rich particulate material.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process burner for feeding a carbonaceous slurry, an oxygen-containing gas, fuel gas, and optionally, temperature moderators contemporaneously and selectively into a pressurized partial oxidation zone. The process burner feature internal formation of a uniform dispersion of the carbonaceous slurry and the oxygen-containing gas and the high atomization of the carbonaceous slurry.

Abstract: A method for producing methane by hydrolysis of aluminum carbide, the aluminum carbide being formed by reduction of aluminum hydroxide/aluminum oxide with carbon derived from low grade coal in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of at least 1250.degree. C. The hydrolysis of aluminum carbide in the presence of an acid catalyst forms aluminum hydroxide and methane, and the aluminim hydroxide, along with admixed impurities, is returned to the reducing step.

Abstract: A food heating package for elongated products such as french fries and fish sticks which includes partitions formed from microwave energy absorbing material adapted to crisp, toast or brown the surfaces of the food sticks. The partitions preferably enclose the food sticks on at least three sides and can be made by forming folds in a sheet of vapor-deposited semiconductive metallic coating applied to a plastic film, e.g. polyester, backing.

Abstract: Process including use of an arrangement for the gasification of fuels with oxygen or oxygen-containing gases and steam, includes a shaft-like vessel for receiving solid charging stock. A gas discharge duct is provided on the upper end of the vessel and a primary gas chamber is in connection with the shaft-like vessel on its lower end via a passage. In the primary gas chamber a burner is provided, which includes feedings for oxygen or oxygen-containing gases as well as for fuels. A trough for receiving slag is arranged below the primary gas chamber and a supporting bottoms is provided between the trough and the shaft-like vessel, reaching into the primary gas chamber, for the formation of a dumping material bed of the solid charging stock facing the burner by one dumping surface. In order to be able to gasify low-quality fuels into a high-quality product gas, the primary gas chamber includes a charging opening for charging a charging stock to be gasified.

Abstract: An improved lamp control process and assembly are provided to automatically and efficiently heat objects, such as plates of hot cooked food upon a counter in a restaurant. The lamp control assembly preferably includes heating lamps or heating elements, a photoelectric sensor or other sensor, a power control circuit, and a time delay circuit to slowly turn off the lamps when the plates of food are removed from the counter. Other loads can be controlled similarly.

Abstract: A process consists of subjecting the mass of loose product to be rehydrated to a treatment with a hot fluid, for an adjustable preset time interval, and then with a cold fluid, for another preset time interval, and of and successively repeating the treatment with hot fluid and with cold fluid until the preset rehydration percentage is attained. The apparatus includes an assembly introducing the product into a tank containing hot water and having a screw feeder which feeds the product to a discharge collector. Transfer means, in the discharge collector, conveys the product to a cooling assembly.

Abstract: In a process for the purification of coal gasification gases, synthesis gas and fuel gas are simultaneously produced. In order to obtain a fuel gas rich in CO.sub.2, capable of handling fluctuations in demand, and to produce at the same time a highly concentrated H.sub.2 S fluid fraction, a portion of the crude gas, scrubbed to synthesis gas purity, is utilized for stripping out CO.sub.2 under pressure from scrubbing medium loaded exclusively with CO.sub.2. The partially stripped CO.sub.2 -loaded scrubbing medium is employed for the concentration of sulfur compounds in an H.sub.2 S/COS-loaded scrubbing medium.

Abstract: The process for determining and controlling the fuel mass flow in partial oxidation and gasification of a fine-grained to powdery fuel includes particularly drawing the fuel from the supply vessel through a single outlet pipe and feeding the fuel to a distributor, in which a plurality of individual supply lines are connected to the individual burners, the fuel mass flow rate in the supply lines depending on the speed measured there and the radiometric density measurement being determined in the outlet pipe of the supply vessel. For control of the fuel mass flow a stepwise regulation depending on the crude gas flow produced in the gasification unit is thus provided.