Abstract: Resist images are hardened so that they are flow resistant at elevated temperatures by coating the image with a layer of a porous metal or metal oxide.

Abstract: A silver/silver halide electrode is prepared by coating portions of a layer of silver with a metal selected from the group consisting of chromium and nickel or mixtures or alloys of nickel and chromium and overall treating with an oxidizing agent in the presence of halide ions to form a silver halide layer on those portions of the silver layer not covered by metal. The electrodes can be used as assaying electrodes such as for halide ions or as reference electrodes. Reference elements formed from the reference electrodes are useful in providing ion-selective membrane electrodes.

Abstract: Strongly adherent layers of electroless metals on glass or ceramic substrates are obtained by first applying a film of an alkali metal silicate solution containing dissolved therein a catalytically effective amount of nickel, palladium or platinum to the substrate, drying and firing the film onto the substrate and electroless plating the coated substrate.

Abstract: A new method is disclosed for treating a concrete surface to be used in cact with sea water to prevent fouling of the surface, which comprises the steps of: (a) fluating the concrete surface with an aqueous solution of a compound selected from the group consisting of fluorosilicic acid, calcium fluorosilicate, magnesium fluorosilicate, and zinc fluorosilicate of sufficient concentration to strengthen the concrete surface and to prevent biodeterioration thereof; (b) treating the concrete surface with a biocide insoluble in water and selected from the group consisting of copper naphthenate, beta-naphthol, pentachlorophenol and tributyl-tin oxide to prevent biodeterioration of the concrete surface; and (c) fixing the concrete surface treated during steps (a) and (b) by treating the surface with the biocide defined in step (b) in solution with a polyesteric resin or an epoxy resin.

Abstract: Metallic surfaces are imparted to non-conductive or di-electric substrates by an electroless (chemical) coating process comprised of coating the surface of the substrate with colloids of catalytic non-precious metals wherein the metals are either part of an alloy or in the elemental state or a compound and wherein the colloidal suspension further comprises antioxidant as to minimize the surface oxidation of the colloids and are further admixed in a manner resulting in good colloidal stability.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing liquid permeable diaphragms for an electrolytic cell having a plurality of foraminous electrodes and a space between each pair of adjacent electrodes. The method comprises covering the foraminous electrodes with a liquid permeable thermoplastic support fabric and contacting the covered electrodes with a slurry of an electroactive material. Roller means are placed in the space between the pair of electrodes, the roller means comprising two rollers spaced apart, each of the rollers contacting only one of the pairs of electrodes, and moving the roller means to force the electroactive material into the liquid permeable thermoplastic support fabric whereby liquid permeable diaphragms are produced.

Abstract: A non-aqueous composition for chemical treatment of the surface of a metallic substrate which comprises a chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent, chromic anhydride, phosphoric acid, a solubilizer and a stabilizer. By the use of such non-aqueous composition, chemical treatment can be achieved quickly with remarkable saving of operation steps. The coating resulting from such chemical treatment has a high corrosion resistance and an excellent adhesion with a paint coating film formed thereon.

Abstract: An aluminum-base metal clad galvanized steel laminate is prepared by pressing a foil of aluminum-base metal against a steel sheet which has a molten zinc-rich metal coating adhered to both surfaces. The preformed aluminum-base metal foil is metallurgically bonded to the zinc-rich metal coating by a zinc-aluminum eutectic layer as the zinc-rich coating cools and solidifies. The resulting laminate has an outer aluminum-base metal surface, a zinc-aluminum eutectic layer, an intermediate zinc-rich metallic layer, a zinc-iron intermetallic layer, and a steel core.

Abstract: A grain-oriented silicon steel sheet having substantially no glass film can be obtained by subjecting a cold rolled silicon steel sheet having a final gauge to a decarburization annealing to form subscale on the steel sheet surface, applying an annealing separator consisting of hydrated silicate mineral fine powder, a strontium- or barium-containing compound, calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide and the remainder being Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, and finally annealing the above treated steel sheet. The steel sheet has excellent punchability when the steel sheet is coated with a phosphate system or chromate-organic resin mixture system insulating coating.

Abstract: Seafood pots made of wire mesh netting are prepared for galvanizing by first passing them through an incineration chamber to burn, melt and loosen foreign material thereon, and then passing them through a high pressure liquid spray to remove residual burned matter and loosened foreign material. The pots are then ready to be passed through the steps of the galvanizing process, which includes dipping the pots into heated preflux before they are dipped into molten zinc. An inverted drying chamber bridges the distance between the preflux tank and the zinc kettle, through which the seafood pots are moved by conveyor means to dry the preflux, with drying heat within the chamber being drawn from the tank and the kettle. The seafood pots are vibrated as they are withdrawn from the molten zinc to effect an even coating of zinc on the wire mesh netting thereof.

Abstract: A solar collector plate made of stainless steel or a metal having a nickel-flash coating is immersed in a molten dichromate salt bath at a temperature between about 375.degree. C. and about 500.degree. C. sufficiently long to provide a selective oxide coating which has a Figure of Merit of at least about 4. The oxide coating is continuous, has a microscopically nodular texture with the average nodule size being at least about 5000 A and displays a Figure of Merit of at least about 4.

Abstract: An electrostatic copying apparatus has a housing having at its top surface a transparent plate on which to place an original to be copied, a rotary drum disposed within the housing and having a photosensitive member on its surface, a charging, a developing, a transferring and a cleaning mechanism which are successively arranged around the rotary drum in the moving direction of its surface, an optical system for projecting the image of the original onto the surface of the rotary drum between the charging means and the developing means, and a receptor sheet conveying system for transferring a receptor sheet through a transfer station defined between the surface of the rotary drum and the transferring mechanism: A support is mounted on the housing so that it is slidable in the forward and rearward directions between its operating position within the housing and its pulled-out position ahead of the housing, and the rotary drum and the developing device are mounted on the support so that they can be separately and

Abstract: Insulating coating compositions for electrical wire are prepared by a method which includes a dehydration process to prevent any reaction from occurring between adsorbed moisture and the catalyst before the coating is electrostatically applied to the transformer wire.

Abstract: The invention discloses a process for one-sided, hot-dip coating which includes guiding and causing a metal sheet to be coated to travel over a molten metal bath by means of a pair of guide rolls disposed above the bath; sucking a hot-dip coating metal inside the molten metal bath by an electromagnetic pump disposed outside the bath and jetting the hot-dip coating metal through the molten metal bath from a nozzle protruding beyond the surface of the bath between the pair of guide rolls; and bringing the hot-dip coating metal thus jetted into contact with the lower surface of the metal sheet over its entire range in its transverse direction while the metal sheet is travelling, thereby forming a coating layer of the hot-dip coating metal on the lower surface of the metal sheet.

Abstract: The thickness of a hydrous oxide layer on aluminum capacitor foil is controlled by producing the oxide in a hot, dilute borate solution with a pH of about 6, prior to anodization of the foil.

Abstract: A roof having an insulating blanket of plastic foam covered by a protective sheath made up of a shell of reinforced concrete covered by a weather-impervious rubbery textured membrane. The membrane and the shell are married together in the sheath, the shell providing load bearing strength and the membrane protecting the shell and preserving its properties. The shell adheres tenaciously to the insulating blanket and the membrane to the shell. In a preferred construction, the sheath forms a protective bonnet having a girdle surrounding the eaves and verge further anchoring the roof covering to the superstructure of the building. Shingles of special construction preferably make up the insulating blanket. Special cement and latex binder compositions are disclosed for the shell and membrane respectively.

Abstract: A method for forming a two-layered carbide surface on a ferrous-alloy article containing at least 0.2 percent by weight of carbon. The formation of such a surface is effected by plating the ferrous alloy article with chromium, to form a chromium layer thereon, and heating the thus-plated article in contact with an element of Group Va and/or chromium (a) to diffuse carbon from the ferrous-alloy article into the chromium layer and convert the chromium layer to an intermediate chromium-carbide layer and (b) thereafter to combine carbon in the intermediate chromium-carbide layer with the element (of Group Va or chromium) and thus form a Group-Va-element-carbide layer and/or another chromium-carbide layer on the intermediate chromium-carbide layer.

Abstract: A plating chamber holds a reducing or inert atmosphere heated to a temperature suited for plating or galvanizing. A pair of power-driven coating rolls are horizontally disposed in the plating chamber, one roll contacting the top surface of a metal strip to be plated and the other contacting the bottom surface. A molten coating metal is continuously supplied so as to form a uniform film of the metal on the peripheral surface of each coating roll. By means of deflector rolls horizontally disposed in the plating chamber, a metal strip heated to a temperature suited for plating continuously travels through the chamber. A surface of the strip becomes plated on contacting the peripheral surface of the coating roll on which the film of the molten coating metal has been formed. The coating rolls can be drawn away from the surface of the strip by shifting the deflector or coating rolls, so that plating can be applied to one, both or neither side of the strip as desired.

Abstract: In the preferred embodiment, a method is presented for filling depressions in fabricated steel surfaces by applying a metallic body solder consisting of 15 to 20 weight percent copper, 2 to 3 weight percent zinc and the balance tin. The body solder alloy is heated to a temperature above about 210.degree. C. to form a workable thixotropic paste that is applied with spreading onto the steel surface. Upon cooling, the body solder forms a dense, tightly adherent fill that is grindable and paintable in conjunction with the surrounding steel surface.

Abstract: A process of hot-dip coating a strip of cold rolled low carbon steel having as an essential alloying element at least one strong oxide forming metal, such as titanium, aluminum, silicon or chromium or a combination thereof, to overcome the difficulty of uniformly hot-dip coating such steels with aluminum and other protective metals on a Sendzimir-type hot-dip coating line wherein the steel strip is thoroughly cleaned by washing in an alkaline cleaning solution, brushing and drying to remove metallic particles and non-metallic contaminants, forming a dry film coating on a clean dry surface of the strip of a higher fatty acid amide having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, heating said strip to a temperature sufficient to completely volatilize said amide film coating, passing said strip through a heating zone containing a reducing atmosphere in which the strip is heated to a temperature of at least about 704.degree. C. (1300.degree. F.