Abstract: The invention relates to a process and apparatus for boronizing pieces made of metal or cermet and to surface-boronized pieces. The pieces are placed in a chamber at between 850.degree. and 1,150.degree. C. and they are subjected, in the presence of boron carbide, to a gaseous stream of trifluoroboroxole (BOF).sub.3. The boron carbide is advantageously pulverulent and out of contact with the pieces to be boronized.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for providing an electrically conductive bridge between the high-voltage charged shadow mask of a color picture tube and the aluminum film deposited on the faceplate to ensure that the aluminum film is charged with the same high voltage present on the shadow mask. A paintable solution is provided which essentially comprises a mixture of substantially equal parts of glass frit particles and graphite particles in the micron-sized range. The particles are in solution in an evaporable solvent including a thickening agent in an amount sufficient to provide a paintable viscosity.

Abstract: Apparatus for supporting a plurality of wafer-like substrates so as to be treatable in a plasma environment. At least three plate-like electrically conductive electrodes are provided. They are parallel to and spaced from one another along an axis. A support adjacent to each electrode supports a wafer-like substrate against at least one of the faces of at least one electrode of a pair of adjacent electrodes. A first conductive bus is conductively connected to a first set of alternate ones of the electrodes, and a second conductive bus is also provided. An individual capacitative coupling is respective to each member of a second set of the electrodes and is connected to the second bus so that each pair of adjacent electrodes and the respective capacitative coupling are in series connection, and all of the pairs of electrodes are in parallel connection.

Abstract: The electrical conductivity of the surface of eloxated aluminium rollers in the pores of the eloxation layer a metal is deposited which has little or no tendency to corrosion.

Abstract: Release coatings are provided by including in a liquid monomer or prepolymer polymerizable by electromagnetic or ionizing radiation a waxy material of limited compatibility therein. Upon application of a film of such material by casting, coating or printing, a thin layer of the waxy material migrates to the surface to provide, after cure, the desired release properties. The thin surface layer of waxy material also tends to exclude oxygen from the film to permit radiant curing in air. Preferably the polymerizable liquid comprises acrylate monomers with or without unsaturated prepolymers co-polymerizable therewith dissolved therein. Novel prepolymers especially useful for providing release films and other radiation curable coatings are described, including the reaction product of polyamine containing polyamides with unsaturated polybasic carboxylic acids and particular reaction products of polyether triols with toluene diisocyanate, modified with unsaturated monomers.

Abstract: A combined gas wiping die and closed protective atmosphere chamber for treating linear material issuing from a molten metal coating bath is provided with gas exit orifices leading from the hood to the external environment. The gas exit orifices have a combined cross sectional area less than the total cross sectional area of the throat of the wiping die. The combined wiping die and protective chamber with limited area exit orifices is used with a wiping gas such as nitrogen or argon. The thickness of molten coatings on linear material wiped with the combined die and protective chamber can be very accurately controlled by changes in wiping gas pressure.

Abstract: A dip phosphating process, which comprises introducing a substrate to be phosphated into a phosphating bath while undulating the phosphating solution at the entrance section of the bath.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for immersing minute integrated circuit chips in an etching solution in manufacturing integrated circuits during research and development. The apparatus includes holder member C having a handle 24 and basket support 26 for carrying a removable unitary basket A and lid structure B wherein fluid flow-through passages 20 are formed and wherein graduated openings 28 in the handle provide for adjustably supporting the basket in a beaker at a desired level.

Abstract: A method of increasing the rate of formation of zinc-iron alloy when hot-dip galvanizing a ferrous metal strip to effect complete alloying of the hot-dip zinc coating on at least one side of the strip, wherein a clean ferrous metal strip is provided on at least one lateral surface of the strip with a coating of metallic copper and heating the strip in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to a temperature sufficient to diffuse a portion of the copper coating into the ferrous metal strip (i.e. heating to a temperature between about 724.degree. C. and about 927.degree. C.)and thereafter hot-dip galvanizing the strip. With a very thin hot-dip zinc coating (i.e. having a thickness less than 0.1 mil) no further heating of the strip is necessary in order to provide on at least the one lateral surface a zinc-iron alloy diffusion coating free of unalloyed metallic zinc.

Abstract: A process for coating an electrically nonconductive material with a metal by attaching a less noble metal or a compound thereof, in pulverous form, to the surface of the electrically nonconductive material and spraying a solution of the nobler metal on the surface thus coated in order to cause the nobler metal to adhere to the surface.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for applying a uniform coating of liquid solder to a flat tube particularly at and adjacent to the side edges of the tube. The apparatus has spaced heated platens comprising shaping die members located opposite to each other and including tube embracing recesses forming a slot through which the liquid solder coated tube is passed. The disclosure also includes spacing means for spacing these die members apart a distance equal to the width of the coated tubes and yieldable means such as springs urging the spaced heated platens toward each other to bear against the side edges of the tube together with means for drawing the coated tube between the heated platens and means for heating the platens in the vicinity of the tube to a temperature above the melting point of the solder as well as passages permitting draining of excess solder from the tube during its passage between the heated platens.

Abstract: An improved process for the production of coated cemented carbide products is disclosed. A cemented carbide substrate is treated to form a metal carbide, nitride or carbonitride coating. During the last part of this treatment or subsequent thereto, a sulfur-and/or nitrogen-containing gas is added to the atmosphere to form a sulfide-and/or nitride - containing layer on the coating. Thereafter, a wear-resistant oxide (e.g., aluminum oxide) coating is applied to form the improved coated cemented carbide product.

Abstract: Metallic surfaces are imparted to non-conductive or dielectric substrates by an electroless (chemical) coating process comprised of coating the surface of the substrate with colloids of catalytic non-precious metals wherein the metals are either part of an alloy or in the elemental state or a compound and wherein the colloidal suspension further comprises antioxidant as to minimize the surface oxidation of the colloids and are further admixed in a manner resulting in good colloidal stability.

Abstract: Quantity production of friction nuts prepared for subsequent fusion of thermoplastic resin particles deposited in thread grooves therein, in which the nuts are supported with their axes vertical, a fluid slurry of the particles in a liquid carrier is introduced into the threaded interior of the nuts to fill the threaded opening, including the thread grooves therein, to a predetermined level from the bottom of the nuts. Excess slurry is then drained from the bottom ends of the openings. In order to leave the threads clear of obstruction at the bottom of the nut, the deposited slurry, after partially drying, is removed from the bottom thread convolutions by repeatedly inserting and withdrawing a sponge-like material directly into and out of the lower end of the thread opening, or by strongly agitating a small quantity of water in the lower part of the threaded opening.

Abstract: A remotely controlled tool for marking the location of defective tubes in a heat exchanger tube sheet, comprising an axially extensible pilot which is extended into and retracted from the defective tube to be marked by means of an internally threaded captive nut, which is attached to the pilot and is in threaded engagement with an externally threaded drive screw. The drive screw is driven by a reversible drive motor. Marking of a tube is accomplished by means of a paint-saturated annular felt marking pad carried in a cylindrical sleeve which surrounds and is axially slideable with respect to the pilot. The marking pad is driven outwardly along the pilot to engage the tube sheet surrounding the defective tube and is retracted after the marking function has been performed by means of a solenoid.

Abstract: An aqueous alkaline coating solution having a pH of no greater than about 10.2 for forming on zinc surface a coating which is corrosion resistant and to which overlying coatings adhere excellently is disclosed, and containing in solution one or more of the following metals: cobalt, nickel, iron and tin; and an inorganic complexing material which is effective in maintaining the metal in solution; and optionally, a reducing agent.

Abstract: A continuous process for applying a solder coating to copper-coated holes and tracks on a printed circuit board. The upper surface of the circuit board having a flux thereon is contacted with a contact member and the circuit board and contact member are moved through a molten bath of solder. Solder is displaced by the circuit board to produce a buoyant force which presses the circuit board against the contact member. The speed of the contact member in moving through the molten solder is controlled to determine dwell time of the circuit board and maintain contact between the circuit board and the contact member.An apparatus for continuously applying a solder coating to copper-coated holes and tracks on a printed circuit board. The apparatus includes means to contain a bath of molten solder and means to contact the upper surface of a printed circuit board.

Abstract: A highly acidic aqueous conversion coating for aluminum which is corrosion resistant, provides excellent adhesion with overlaying coatings and does not blacken when the coating substrate is immersed in boiling water. The coating composition is a ternary variety which contains zirconium, fluoride, and tannin. The pH of the coating bath is uniquely more acidic than conventional baths which operate at a pH of 3 and above, and is between 2.3 and 2.95.

Abstract: A document with a color pattern which is resistant to forgery by photo reproducing process, at least a portion of the color pattern comprising, a coloring material having a spectral reflection factor curve which is relatively high at a wavelength in at least one of the areas below 450 nm and about 650 nm, with respect to the rest of the curve. A method is also disclosed for avoiding reproduction of a document having colored areas using photo reproducing processes.

Abstract: A concentration of copper ions, a concentration of a reducing agent, a concentration of a complexing agent and a pH of a chemical copper plating solution are continuously detected all as potentials, and continuously controlled with a good accuracy.