Abstract: Disclosed is an air gap type film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR). The air gap type FBAR includes a substrate which includes an air gap portion in a top surface thereof, a lower electrode formed on the substrate, a piezoelectric layer formed on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode formed on the piezoelectric layer. Here, the lower electrode includes a first lower electrode formed spaced apart from the air gap portion in the substrate and a second lower electrode formed on the substrate to be separated from the first lower electrode by being stacked to surround only a part of a top of the air gap portion in order to form a non-deposition area of the air gap portion.

Abstract: An ultra-wideband linear-to-circular polarizer is disclosed. In accordance with embodiments of the invention, the polarizer includes a plurality of cascaded waveplates having biaxial permittivity or cascaded anisotropic sheet impedances. Each waveplate/sheet has a principal axis rotated at different angles relative to an adjacent waveplate/sheet about a z-axis of a 3-dimensional x, y, z coordinate system. Each waveplate is composed of a unit cell of an artificial anisotropic dielectric. Each sheet impedance is composed of an anisotropic metallic pattern. The polarizer further includes impedance matching layers disposed adjacent the cascaded waveplates/sheets.

Abstract: Systems and methods of use for a radial combiner. The radial combiner is made of a radial cavity defined by a top plate, a bottom plate, an outside wall connecting the top plate and the bottom plate, and an interior of the radial waveguide cavity located between the top plate, the bottom plate, and the outside wall with a substantially uniform height throughout. Inside the radial cavity are multiple monopole radiators, while outside the radial cavity multiple coaxial ports are mounted on one of the top plate or the bottom plate. Each of the coaxial ports are electrically connected to a corresponding monopole radiator inside the cavity. The radial combiner also contains a center conductor which is located in the center of the radial cavity, and transitions to a coaxial waveguide which is exterior to the cavity.

Abstract: A low loss, wide band, phase shifter utilizing one or more transformers in presented. In one case, the phase shifter includes a reflective SPDT switch that is coupled to a transformer. In another case, the phase shifter includes a distributed SPDT switch that includes switchable conduction paths having series connected unit elements of a same phase shift. The transformer may be part of an existing circuit and may be reused to provide the functionality of the phase shifter by introducing the reflective or the distributed SPDT switch.

Abstract: A CMOS compatible GHz ultrasonic pulse/echo transmit-receive ultrasonic delay element demonstrating less than <6 ppm stability over time and having a zero-temperature coefficient of delay at two temperatures. The delay element includes one or more CMOS compatible piezoelectric transducers requiring no release step, which transmit and/or receive a GHz-ultrasonic wave packet. The bulk substrate exhibits low loss for the GHz-ultrasonic wave packet transmitted through the substrate and uses the phenomenon of diffraction to retrieve multiple reflections.

Abstract: A transmit-and-receive module includes a multiplexer, a power amplifier, and a low-noise amplifier. The multiplexer includes a transmit filter and a receive filter. The power amplifier and the low-noise amplifier are integrated with each other. In a Smith chart, impedance in a receive band of the receive filter seen from a receive terminal intersects a line connecting a center point of noise figure circles and a center point of gain circles. The center point of the noise figure circles represents the impedance at which the noise figure of the low-noise amplifier is minimized. The center point of the gain circles represents the impedance at which the gain of the low-noise amplifier is maximized.

Abstract: A microwave or radio frequency (RF) device includes stacked printed circuit boards (PCBs) mounted on a flexible PCB having at least one ground plane and a signal terminal. Each of the stacked PCBs includes through-holes the sidewalls of which are coated with a conductive material. Microwave components are mounted on the flexible PCB within the through-holes, such that signal terminals of the components bond to signal terminals of respective through-holes. A conductive cover is mounted on the PCBs such that the cover is in electrical contact with the ground plane of the flexible PCB through the conductive material, forming shielding cavities around the components. The flexible PCB is folded such that the cover of one PCB faces the cover of the second PCB. The flexible PCB includes striplines or microstrips that carry RF or microwave signals to the signal terminals.

Abstract: A ladder filter includes at least one series arm resonator connected in a path between first and second input/output terminals, at least two parallel arm resonators each connected between a connection node in the path and a ground, and an inductor connected in series to the at least one series arm resonator. The inductor is closer to the first input/output terminal than are the at least one series arm resonator and the at least two parallel arm resonators. Of the at least two parallel arm resonators, a first parallel arm resonator connected closest to the second input/output terminal has the highest anti-resonant frequency.

Abstract: An acoustic wave resonator includes: a piezoelectric substrate; and an IDT that is located on the piezoelectric substrate and includes comb-shaped electrodes facing each other, each of the comb-shaped electrodes having grating electrode and a bus bar connected to the grating electrodes, a duty ratio of grating electrodes of the comb-shaped electrodes in a center region of an overlap region differing from a duty ratio of grating electrodes of the comb-shaped electrodes in an edge region of the overlap region in an arrangement direction of the grating electrodes, the grating electrodes of each of the comb-shaped electrodes overlapping with the grating electrodes of the other in the overlap region, a grating electrode of a first one of the comb-shaped electrodes in the center region having a different width from a grating electrode of a second one of the comb-shaped electrodes in the center region.

Abstract: A power distribution circuit includes a first portion, a second portion, a third portion, an isolation element, a first transmission sub-circuit and a second transmission sub-circuit. The first portion, the second portion, and the third portion are coupled to respective external components. The isolation element is coupled between the second portion and the third portion. The first transmission sub-circuit is set on one side of the isolation element, and is coupled between the first portion and the second portion. The second transmission sub-circuit is set on the other side of the isolation element, and is coupled between the first portion and the third portion. The first transmission sub-circuit and the second transmission sub-circuit are symmetrically set on both sides of the isolation element.

Abstract: A switching circuit is provided. The switching circuit includes at least one Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) filter, a Single-Pole n Throw (SPnT) switch connected to an input port of each of the at least one SAW filter, and a Dual-Pole n Throw (DPnT) switch connected to an output port of each of the at least one SAW filter.

Abstract: A power amplifier module includes a combining circuit including a combiner. The combining circuit further includes a first inductor connected in series between an output terminal of a first amplifier and the combiner, a second inductor connected in series between an output terminal of a second amplifier and the combiner, and a second capacitor having an end connected to the combiner and another end grounded. A phase of a third signal from the output terminal of the first amplifier to the second amplifier through the combiner is delayed by about 45 degrees in the first inductor and the second capacitor, and is delayed by about 45 degrees in the second inductor and the second capacitor. A phase of the third signal from the output terminal of the first amplifier to the second amplifier through the first capacitor is advanced by about 90 degrees.

Abstract: The aim according to the invention is to suppress a disturbing SH mode in a ladder-type filter. This aim is achieved in that the resonance frequency of the series resonator responsible therefor is moved and, at the same time, the pole zero distance of the series resonator is reduced by parallel connection with a capacitor. The antiresonance of the series resonator and therefore also the passband thus remain unchanged.

Abstract: Acoustic wave filter devices is disclosed. The device includes a piezoelectric layer, an input electrode and an output electrode located on a top surface of the piezoelectric layer and physically separated from one another, and a counter electrode having a top surface connected to a bottom surface of the piezoelectric layer. The input and output electrodes each include a base and at least one extension extending from the base. The at least one extension of the input electrode extending alongside and in a generally opposite direction to and separated by a gap width from an adjacent extension of the at least one extensions of the output electrode. In some embodiments, the at least one extension of the input or output electrodes has a width that can changes from a first end of the at least one extension to a second end.

Abstract: An acoustic resonator includes a substrate, and a resonant portion comprising a center portion in which a first electrode, a piezoelectric layer and a second electrode are sequentially laminated on the substrate, and an extending portion disposed along a periphery of the center portion, wherein the resonant portion is configured to have an asymmetrical polygonal plane, an insertion layer is disposed below the piezoelectric layer in the extending portion, and the piezoelectric layer is configured to have a top surface which is raised to conform to a shape of the insertion layer, and the insertion layer is configured to have an asymmetrical polygonal shape corresponding to a shape of the extending portion.

Abstract: In accordance with one or more embodiments, a surface wave repeater includes a transceiver that generates a pilot signal that identifies the surface wave repeater. The transceiver adds the pilot signal to a microwave signal to create a combined signal. The transceiver couples the combined signal to a launcher to facilitate transmission of guided electromagnetic waves conveying data along with the pilot signal on a segment of a transmission medium.

Abstract: An elastic wave device includes an IDT electrode provided on a piezoelectric substrate and including a first end region including one end of the IDT electrode in an elastic wave propagation direction, a second end region including the other end of the IDT electrode in the elastic wave propagation direction, and an inner region that is located farther toward an inside than the first and second end regions in the elastic wave propagation direction, includes first and second high-acoustic-velocity regions, and a center region and first and second low-acoustic-velocity regions, located in the crossing region. The mass of the IDT electrode in the crossing region in the first and second end regions is smaller than the mass of the IDT electrode in the crossing region in the inner region.

Abstract: A high-frequency module that performs filtering of signals transmitted and received through an antenna includes an antenna terminal, a transmission terminal, a reception terminal, a reception filter connected between the antenna terminal and the reception terminal, a transmission filter connected between the antenna terminal and the transmission terminal, a first element connected between the antenna terminal and the transmission filter, and a second element connected in series between the transmission terminal and the transmission filter. The first element and the second element are capacitively coupled to each other.

Abstract: Spatial power-combining devices and antenna assemblies for spatial power-combining devices are disclosed. A spatial power-combining device may include an input coaxial waveguide section, an output coaxial waveguide section, and a center waveguide section. The center waveguide section may include an input center waveguide section, an output center waveguide section, and a core section. The core section may form an integral single component with an input inner housing of the input center waveguide section and an output inner housing of the output center waveguide section. Alternatively, the core section may be attached to the input inner housing and the output inner housing. The plurality of amplifiers may be registered with the core section. Antenna assemblies may include antennas with signal and ground conductors that are separated by air. Representative spatial power-combining devices may be designed with high efficiency, high or low frequency ranges, ultra-wide bandwidth operation, and high output power.

Abstract: As a layout requirement imposed on an in-phase corporate-feed circuit, there is provided only a layout requirement to equalize the electric length of a transmission line (4) between one of N T-branch units (6) which is m-th when counted from a start point of a path A, and another one of the T-branch units (6) which is (m+1)-th when counted from the start point of the path A, to that of a transmission line (8) between one of N T-branch units (10) which is m-th when counted from an end point of a path B, and another one of the T-branch units (10) which is (m+1)-th when counted from the end point of the path B. Therefore, the in-phase corporate-feed circuit can be formed in a space smaller than that in which its circuit configuration of tournament type is formed, and downsizing of the circuit size can be achieved.