Abstract: The invention provides a process of removing or preventing biofouling, particularly on surfaces of industrial and agricultural equipment in contact with aqueous liquids. The process employs an antifouling composition of stabilized active halogen having a low pH.

Abstract: There is disclosed a system for electrical charge detection comprising a nanoFET device. Also disclosed is a method of electrical charge detection for single molecule sequencing. The method includes attaching a macromolecule or assemblies thereof to a gate of a nanoFET device and flowing in a solution of charge tags, where a charge tag includes a nucleotide attached to a charge complex. The method also includes incorporating one charge tag into the macromolecule or assemblies thereof and cleaving the charge tags from the macromolecule or assemblies thereof. The method further includes detecting at least one of current and voltage from the nanoFET device.

Abstract: The invention provides a passive fluidics circuit for directing different fluids to a common volume, such as a reaction chamber or flow cell, without intermixing or cross contamination. The direction and rate of flow through junctions, nodes and passages of the fluidics circuit are controlled by the states of upstream valves (e.g. opened or closed), differential fluid pressures at circuit inlets or upstream reservoirs, flow path resistances, and the like. Free diffusion or leakage of fluids from unselected inlets into the common outlet or other inlets at junctions or nodes is prevented by the flow of the selected inlet fluid, a portion of which sweeps by the inlets of unselected fluids and exits the fluidics circuit by waste ports, thereby creating a barrier against undesired intermixing with the outlet flow through leakage or diffusion.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods which include exposing a beetle of the species Pityophthorus juglandis and/or treating surfaces susceptible to infestation by the species or to infection by Geosmithia morbida with compositions including one or more semiochemicals capable of being produced by Pityophthorus juglandis. The semiochemicals can be 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol, conophthorin or chalcogran. Also disclosed are compositions and systems used in the methods.

Abstract: Disclosed are arrays for monitoring ecosystems, such as bodies of water, and methods and systems for making such arrays. In one embodiment, the array may include a plurality of oligonucleotides immobilized at known locations on a substrate, such that each location on the array is an oligonucleotide having a sequence derived from a single, predetermined operational taxonomic unit (OTU). The sequences immobilized on the array may be from known, or unknown organisms. Also disclosed are methods for identifying and isolating bioindicators diagnostic of specific ecosystems. The arrays and bioindicators of the invention may be used for rapid, and continual monitoring of ecosystems.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to absorbable microspheres comprising a copolymer formed from greater than 88 to about 99 mole percent ?-caprolactone or p-dioxanone, and about 1 to less than 12 mole percent of a different second monomer selected from the group consisting of glycolide, p-dioxanone, trimethylene carbonate and the lactides and combinations thereof, said microspheres having a particle size ranging from about 5 to 2,000 microns. Also described herein are a method for making such microspheres and formulations comprising such absorbable microspheres.

Abstract: A method of retrieving sequence-verified deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) includes positioning a sequence-verified DNA molecule on a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) substrate. The MEMS substrate includes an electrostatic actuator and the sequence-verified DNA molecule is positioned adjacent to a moving element. The method also includes applying a voltage between the moving element and a stator to cause a motion of the moving element, thereby ejecting the sequence-verified DNA molecule from the MEMS substrate.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the synthesis of molecules guided by connector polynucleotides (CPNs) capable of hybridizing to complementary connector polynucleotides (CCPNs) harboring at least one functional entity comprising at least one reactive group. At least one of the CCPNs is capable of hybridizing to at least two CPNs. Each CPN will “call” for one or more CCPNs capable of hybridization to the CPN. Following the formation of a supramolecular hybridization complex comprising a plurality of CPNs and a plurality of CCPNs, the reaction of reactive groups results in the formation of a molecule comprising covalently linked functional entities. The formation of the molecule involves the transfer of functional entities from one or more “donor CCPNs” to at least one “acceptor CCPN” with which the transferred functional entities were not associated prior to the transfer.

Abstract: A device having: a laminar flow channel for liquids; two or more electrodes; a confining fluid inlet; a sample inlet; and a meter for measuring the impedance of any fluid between the electrodes. The device may have one or more specific binding sites, or it may have sheathing and unsheathing fluid transporting structures. A method of: providing the device; flowing a confining fluid and a conductive liquid that may contain cells or particles through the channel as described herein; and measuring the impedance between the electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to nanoscale wire devices and methods for use in determining nucleic acids or other analytes suspected to be present in a sample. For example, a nanoscale wire device can be used to detect single base mismatches within a nucleic acid (e.g., by determining association and/or dissociation rates). In one aspect, dynamical information such as a binding constant, an association rate, and/or a dissociation rate, can be determined between an analyte and a binding partner immobilized relative to a nanoscale wire. In some cases, the nanoscale wire includes a first portion comprising a metal-semiconductor compound, and a second portion that does not include a metal-semiconductor compound. The binding partner, in some embodiments, is immobilized relative to at least the second portion of the nanoscale wire, and the size of the second portion of the nanoscale wire may be minimized and/or controlled in some instances.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to nanotube composite structures and related methods and systems. In particular, structures, methods and systems are provided herein to allow for precise, tunable separation between nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for purifying nucleic acids using a nucleic acid-binding phase which is furnished with a deficit of nucleic acid-binding groups A having a pK of 8 to 13, or which has groups A and binding-inhibiting groups N which are neutrally charged during the binding, and preferably during the elution, and the method comprises the following steps: (a) binding the nucleic acids to the nucleic acid-binding phase at a pH which is below the pH of the pK of the nucleic acid-binding groups A (binding pH); (b) eluting the nucleic acids at a pH which is above the binding pH (elution pH). In addition, corresponding kits and also nucleic acid-binding phases which can be used for purifying nucleic acids are disclosed. The technology according to the invention permits the purification of nucleic acids and, in particular, elution, with use of low salt concentrations, and so the purified nucleic acids can be directly processed, for example used in a PCR.

Abstract: A detector apparatus includes a field-effect transistor configured to undergo a change in amplitude of a source-to-drain current when at least a portion of a charge-tagged molecule translocates through the nanopore. In some implementations, the field-effect transistor is a carbon nanotube field effect transistor and the nanopore is located in a membrane. In other implementations, the field-effect transistor is a carbon nanotube field effect transistor and the nanopore is implemented in the form of a nano-channel in a semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A biochip including a metal nanoparticle layer on a multilayer substrate can perform qualitative and quantitative analyses simply without a separate tag. A biochip including a metal nanoparticle layer on a multilayer substrate and using a CMOS image sensor can be an economically beneficial biochip reusable and convenient in use by employing a relatively simple detection method without a need of using a separate tag.

Abstract: A system and method are provided to detect target analytes based on magnetic resonance measurements. Magnetic structures produce distinct magnetic field regions having a size comparable to the analyte. When the analyte is bound in those regions, magnetic resonance signals from the sample are changed, leading to detection of the analyte.

Abstract: A main object of the invention is to provide a polymer compound for medicine which has an excellent capability of fixing a biologically active substance and has such chemical/physical stability that the compound is less dissolved or deteriorated in a washing step, in particular, which can be suitably applied to a plastic substrate surface. The invention provides a polymer compound for medical material which is a polymer comprising repeating units derived from an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable monomer (a) having a functional group for fixing a biologically active substance, wherein the polymer has a reactive functional group on at least one terminal side thereof, and a biochip substrate wherein a layer containing the polymer compound is formed on a substrate surface, thereby attaining the object.

Abstract: A composition comprising an INTEROMONE® is described for the modification of undesirable or harmful stress-related behaviors or other behaviors or physiology in a variety of vertebrate species, as well as methods of using the compositions in vertebrates from a species different than the species in which the INTEROMONE® is a naturally occurring pheromone.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide devices methods for sequencing DNA using arrays of reaction cavities containing sensors to monitor changes in solutions contained in the reaction cavities. Additional embodiments provide devices and methods for sequencing DNA using arrays of reaction cavities that allow for optical monitoring of solutions in the reaction cavities. Test and fill reaction schemes are disclosed that allow DNA to be sequenced. By sequencing DNA using parallel reactions contained in large arrays, DNA can be rapidly sequenced.

Abstract: A detector device comprises a substrate (50), a source region (S) and a drain region (D), and a channel region (65) between the source and drain regions. A nanopore (54) passes through the channel region, and connects fluid chambers (56,58) on opposite sides of the substrate. A voltage bias is provided between the fluid chambers, the source and drain regions and a charge flow between the source and drain regions is sensed. The device uses a nanopore for the confinement of a sample under test (for example nucleotides) close to a sensor. The size of the sensor can be made similar to the spacing of adjacent nucleotides in a DNA strand. In this way, the disadvantages of PCR based techniques for DNA sequencing are avoided, and single nucleotide resolution can be attained.

Abstract: A method for detecting analyte in a sample comprises: (a) contacting said sample with at least one set comprising a cassette oligonucleotide and first, second, third and fourth proximity probes, which probes each comprise an analyte-binding domain and a nucleic acid domain and can simultaneously bind to the analyte, the nucleic acid domains of said first and third proximity probes being complementary in a first overlap region and the nucleic acid domains of said second and fourth proximity probes being complementary in a second overlap region; and said cassette oligonucleotide being complementary to the nucleic acid domain of said third proximity probe in a third overlap region and to the nucleic acid domains of said fourth proximity probe in a fourth overlap region; (b) allowing the overlap regions of said proximity probes and said cassette oligonucleotide to hybridise; and (c) detecting said hybridisation. A kit is for performing the method.