Abstract: The invention is directed to an apparatus and a method for controlling the operating characteristic quantities of an internal combustion engine, with a characteristic set up with operating quantities of the internal combustion engine for pre-control of engine variables influencing the operating characteristic quantities, and with a control arrangement, responsive to at least one engine variable, for correctively influencing the characteristic values. The values stored in the characteristic field and selected in dependence on operating characteristic quantities of the internal combustion engine are modified via the control arrangement to correctively influence the characteristic values. In addition, the characteristic values lying within the defined region of the characteristic value modified are also changed in dependence on the modification of this particular characteristic value.

Abstract: An engine oil pan of the dry sump type is divided into inner and outer parts by a funnel-like baffle with a hole in the bottom, the hole being of a controlled vertical height, the outer part being an oil reservoir connected to the engine suction side of the engine positive crankcase ventilating (PCV) system, the inner part receiving the oil therein from the various engine parts and being connected to the fresh air inlet side of the PCV system, thereby, during normal engine operation, establishing a constant pressure differential across the baffle to force oil collected in the inner part through the hole into the outer part, the oil level in the inner part stabilizing at the level of the hole in the baffle, the oil in the outer part stabilizing at a level dependent upon the total quantity of oil in the system and the volume of the reservoir, thereby removing standing oil from the vicinity of the moving parts in the crankcase which reduces friction and aeration of the oil and yet provides an adequate supply of

Abstract: An apparatus including a mixing chamber is installed between the base of a standard carburator and the intake manifold of a gasoline engine. The mixing chamber includes an air inlet port for admitting a controlled amount of outside air into the mixing chamber and a gasoline vapor port for admitting gasoline vaporized externally of the carburator into the mixing chamber, a carburator inlet port for receiving a mixture of air and partially vaporized gasoline from the throat of the carburator, and an outlet port through which a mixture of all the gases is exhausted into the intake manifold. The carburator includes a first throttle valve for controlling the amount of air and partially vaporized gasoline that passes into the mixing chamber. A second throttle valve is disposed to control the amount of mixed gas drawn through the outlet port of the mixing chamber into the intake manifold.

Abstract: A fuel injection type internal combustion engine provided with a pressure regulator for controlling a constant difference between a pressure of fuel supplied to the injector and a pressure of the intake system at the position where the injector is mounted. A tank is arranged for storing a positive pressure obtained while the engine is operated. A switching valve is arranged for connecting the tank with the pressure regulator when the engine is started when hot. Due to the operation of the regulator for maintaining the constant pressure difference, the pressure of the fuel supplied to the fuel injector is increased, making it difficult for the fuel to vaporize. Thus, preventing a so-called vapor lock.

Abstract: To retain a lamp in a reflector body of a light assembly, a wire retaining clip is provided which has a U-shaped anchor portion disposed as a friction fit in a recess in the body. Arms of the clip extend in cantilever fashion from the anchor portion and engage against a flange on the lamp so as to urge an abutment surface on the lamp into engagement with a corresponding abutment surface in the reflector body. The arms of the clip are resiliently biassed in the same direction as that required to bring said abutment surfaces into mutual engagement and are also resiliently deformable outwardly so as to facilitate snap-engagement of the lamp into a lamp-receiving aperture in the reflector body.

Abstract: An engine part and a method of producing the same are disclosed. The engine part includes a ceramic member, a metallic member secured to the ceramic member, and a metallic engine part body fixed to the metallic member, wherein the outer peripheral portion of the metallic member has a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the ceramic member and is provided at one end facing the ceramic member with an annular notch. The engine part is produced by securing the ceramic member to the metallic member through fitting or joining and then fixing the metallic member to the metallic engine part body through fitting or screwing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for controlling fuel injection for an engine, in which, on the basis of a phenomenon that a part of fuel vaporized from a liquid film adhering to a wall surface of a fuel intake manifold remains in the intake manifold in the form of vapor fuel, the quantity of liquid film and the quantity of vapor fuel are estimated by using control parameters such as air mass flowing through a throttle valve, throttle opening, engine speed, air fuel ratio, etc.; the quantity of liquid film and the quantity of vapor fuel at a desired point of time are predicted on the basis of the result of estimation; and the quantity of fuel injection is controlled so as to make the air fuel ratio be a desired air fuel ratio. Further, the quantity of liquid film is estimated in the case where the data as to the air fuel ratio obtained by an O.sub.

Abstract: An oxygen concentration sensing device and an air/fuel ratio control system for an internal combustion engine which include a pair of solid electrolyte members having oxygen ion permeability which are arranged to face each other to form a restricted region between them. One of the solid electrolyte members is operative as an oxygen pump element when a pump current is supplied across the electrodes thereof. The sensing device is provided with a current supply part including a limit command circuit which generates a current stop command signal when the magnitude of the pump current exceeds a reference limit level. With the current stop command signal, the supply of the pump current is stopped so as to prevent an overcurrent to the oxygen pump element. The air/fuel ratio control system includes an air/fuel ratio detection part and an air/fuel ratio control part operated by an air/fuel ratio detection signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a Diesel engine in which there is obtained a very low permanent magnetic signature by embodying some of its component parts with high volume/mass ratio in a magnetic material, and by reducing or annulling the permanent magnetism of its component parts which are for constructional reasons made of magnetic material by individual demagnetization treatment.

Abstract: A liquid fuel pumping apparatus for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine includes a plunger slidable within a bore to which can be connected an outlet which in use is connected to an injection nozzle. The bore can also be connected to a drain through a spill valve, the spill valve when open allowing fuel to spill from the bore instead of flowing to the outlet. The spill valve includes a valve member which when the spill valve is open closes off the connection between the outlet and the bore.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to apparatus for selectively limiting the speed of an internal combustion engine by momentarily removing the ignition voltage to the spark plug of said engine at one or two preselected speeds below the maximum speed capability of the engine. Said speed limits are activated in response to electrical input signals generated by switches controlled by the operating condition of a vehicle driven by said engine. Such electrical signals could be determined by whether the vehicle transmission is in reverse and/or switches selectively operated by the operator. This emitter therefore controls the engine and thus vehicle speeds to increase the safety of the vehicle under selective operating conditions.

Abstract: This invention relates to a fuel feed device for diesel engines, which comprises an intake filter disposed in the fuel tank and with a casing for heat transfer between the recycled fuel and intake fuel by means of mixing, and a filtering, heating and emulsifying unit disposed downstream of the fuel feed pump before the engine injection pumping unit, said filtering, heating and emulsifying unit comprising a filtering element, a surface heat exchanger through which the engine cooling liquid flows, and an emulsifying member of the flow disintegration type.

Abstract: The mechanically driven pump is provided with a delivery chamber which communicates with an annular groove about a valve needle of the injection valve to deliver pressurized hydraulic medium to prevent an inflow of liquid fuel between the valve needle and the injection valve body. The hydraulic pressure medium of the mechanically driven pump also drives a reciprocating piston in the hydraulic pump used to pump the fuel to the injection valve and, thus, also provides a barrier to the passage of liquid fuel between the reciprocating piston and the surrounding wall of the pump.

Abstract: In an automatic control method for reduction in the level of contaminants emitted by a gas engine, the automatic control process is orientated in accordance with the reference point at which lambda is equal to unity and enriches the mixture after detecting this point by a certain step. Subsequently the instantaneous probe potential is measured and used by an automatic control circuit as a set point, which so affects the actuator for setting the air ratio that the probe potential is kept constant at this set point. The automatic control system in keeping with the invention reacts immediately in response to a disturbance and does not have to wait until a renewed search for the reference point takes place.

Abstract: The air inlet neck, in particular for the air admission system in an internal combustion engine, comprises a mixing chamber (10) into which open a cold air admission pipe (4) and a hot air admission pipe (14). The mixing chamber (10) communicates with an outlet pipe (15) for the air of the mixing chamber. One of said pipes (4) is coaxial with the mixing chamber (10) and includes closing means constituted by flaps (5) pivotally connected to the admission pipe (4) and actuated by a cylindrical member (9) mounted to be movable between a position of complete closure of the admission pipe (4) by the flaps (5) and a position for retracting the flaps. The cylindrical member (9) constitutes means for closing the other admission pipe (14).

Abstract: Process for transferring a high voltage to the ignition elements of an internal combustion engine with a priming device comprising a first electrode unit (1) and a second electrode unit (2) which form spark discharger gaps, the high voltage being provided to one of the electrode units and the other electrode unit being connected to the ignition elements of the internal combustion engine. The conventional ignition systems have the following disadvantage: the high voltage must be generated, in case of need, each time repeatedly and exactly at the ignition time point. Furthermore, the ignition systems do not offer the possibility of reducing the air proportion .lambda. and reducing the emission of noxious substances by variation of the ignition.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling an internal combustion engine. The amount of fuel delivered to the engine is controlled in direct proportion to the rate of air flow introduced into an engine cylinder. The timing of ignition of the engine in controlled based upon a difference between the actual torque actually produced on the engine output shaft and the ideal torque required on the engine output shaft at the engine speed, thereby bringing the actual torque quite close to the ideal torque.

Abstract: An improved ignition apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes at least an ignition coil and a first electrode assembly and a second electrode assembly, each thereof including an electrode, and each of the electrodes of the first and second electrode assemblies is electrically connected to one end of a secondary winding of an ignition coil. The electrodes are supported on a cylinder head of the engine being electrically insulated therefrom and they form a spark gap for producing spark discharge therebetween, and a high tension circuit connecting the electrodes to the secondary winding of the ignition coil is electrically insulated from the body of the engine. The ignition apparatus having the above-described construction has the functional effects of improving the ignition performance, simplifying the withstant voltage design of constituent components, improving the antifouling performance at a spark gap portion and increasing the radio frequency interference suppression performance.

Abstract: A crank angle detecting system for a multicylinder engine includes a disc formed with a large number of slits to detect one-degree crank angular positions and a small number of slits to detect a predetermined piston stroke for each cylinder. Since the widths of a small number of slits are different from each other, it is possible to separately discriminate each cylinder in crank angular position on the basis of the crank angle signals obtained by a large number of slits. In the case where the detecting system is incorporated with a group-ignition system, it is possible to detect a predetermined piston stroke for each cylinder immediately after the engine is started, thus preventing the engine from erroneous ignition.

Abstract: A miniature flashlight comprising a barrel, tail cap, head assembly, and bulb holder providing interruptible contact to batteries within the barrel. The bulb holder comprises an insulated receptacle external to the barrel end engaging the head assembly, a second insulated receptacle within the barrel engaging the first receptacle enabling both receptacles to translate axially, limited by a flange on the first receptacle and an annular lip formed inwardly at the barrel end, a pair of conductors mounted in the second receptacle couple one conductor with the center electrode of a battery with the first bulb pin and the other conductor with the second bulb pin to the barrel lip. A spring fits between the tail cap and the batteries. The circuit is closed by the barrel, tail cap, and spring coupling the second lamp pin to the battery case terminal.