Abstract: Provided is a method capable of precisely, reproducibly and directly measuring, by an ellipsometry method, optical constants (refractive index n, extinction coefficient ?) of a fluorine-containing organosilicon compound thin film having a homogeneous surface with a small surface roughness and haze value. The method for measuring the optical constants of the thin film of the fluorine-containing organosilicon compound, includes: a step of forming the thin film of the fluorine-containing organosilicon compound on a base material, the thin film having, as surface roughnesses, an arithmetic mean roughness of smaller than 1.0 nm and a root mean square roughness of smaller than 2.0 nm, a haze value of smaller than 0.3 and a film thickness of 3 to 10 nm; and a step of measuring the optical constants of the thin film formed on the base material by the ellipsometry method.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and apparatus for inspecting a photolithographic reticle. A plurality of reference far field images are simulated by inputting a plurality of reference near field images into a physics-based model, and the plurality of reference near field images are generated by a trained deep learning model from a test portion of the design database that was used to fabricate a test area of a test reticle. The test area of a test reticle, which was fabricated from the design database, is inspected for defects via a die-to-database process that includes comparing the plurality of reference far field reticle images simulated by the physic-based model to a plurality of test images acquired by the inspection system from the test area of the test reticle.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to improve accuracy in inspection of an appearance of a mold. The inspection device includes at least one processor for performing an inspection step of inspecting an appearance of a mold using a learned model constructed by machine learning. Input into the learned model includes an inspection image obtained by imaging the appearance of the mold. Output from the learned model is information indicating an inspection result of the appearance of the mold.

Abstract: An inspection method includes: a first acquisition step of acquiring information in which information on a color difference with respect to a reference color is assigned to each of a plurality of first divided regions into which an reference image is divided; a second acquisition step of acquiring information in which information on a color difference with respect to the reference color is assigned to each of a plurality of second divided regions into which a captured image is divided; a first comparison step of comparing the information on the color difference of each of the first divided regions with the information on the color difference of each of the corresponding second divided regions; and a second comparison step of comparing the information on the color difference of each of the first divided regions with the information on the color difference of each of the second divided regions in a combination different from the combination in which the comparison is performed in the first comparison step, and

Abstract: A height measurement device images a target, extracts a contour of the target from a two-dimensional image, sets a circumscribed rectangular area of which each side is parallel to a corresponding side of the visual field of the camera and each side is circumscribed with the extracted contour of the target, and sets an extension area in which each of four sides of the set circumscribed rectangular area is extended outward by a predetermined amount. The height measurement device determines multiple imaging positions such that maximum parallax is obtained within a range where the extension area does not protrude from the visual field of the camera. Then, the height measurement device images the target at each of the determined multiple imaging positions, and estimates a height of the target from parallax of a two-dimensional image of the target imaged at each of the multiple imaging positions.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method of sorting cells in a flow cytometry system is disclosed, which includes illuminating a cell with radiation having at least two optical frequencies shifted from one another by a radiofrequency to elicit fluorescent radiation from the cell, detecting the fluorescent radiation to generate temporal fluorescence data, and processing the temporal fluorescence data to arrive at a sorting decision regarding the cell without generating an image (i.e., a pixel-by-pixel image) of the cell based on the fluorescence data. In some cases, the sorting decision can be made with a latency less than about 100 microseconds. In some embodiments, the above method of sorting cells can have a sub-cellular resolution. In some embodiments, a single radiofrequency shift is employed to separate the optical frequencies while in other such embodiments a plurality of different radiofrequency shifts are employed.

Abstract: A laser suitable for use under field conditions to generate pulsed laser for detecting malaria using transient vapor nanobubbles can include a frequency doubled passively Q-switched microchip laser. The passively Q-switched microchip lasers can include suppression techniques for the unwanted fundamental wavelength in addition to using anti-reflective coatings. The pulsed laser disclosed herein can generate pulses with a high peak power as a result of high energy in conjunction with short pulse duration in the range of hundreds of picoseconds. The high peak power can be enough to generate the photo-thermal transient vapor nanobubbles for malaria detection and/or treatment.

Abstract: There is provided a polarization analysis apparatus that adjusts an angle of incidence or a numerical aperture by using an aperture. The apparatus includes: a first aperture that transmits a lighting beam reflected from a sample on a substrate; a second aperture that transmits a lighting beam having passed through the first aperture; and a detector that detects a lighting beam having passed through the second aperture and selects an angle of incidence of the lighting beam and numerical apertures of the first aperture and the second aperture.

Abstract: A defect characterization method includes: a first scanning image and target defect coordinates in the first scanning image are obtained; a first defect image is obtained according to the target defect coordinates in the first scanning image, the first defect image containing a defect area where a target defect is located and a noise area not containing the target defect; the noise area is marked, Automatic Defect Review (ADR) calculation is performed on the defect area, and a pixel level value of a defect in the defect area is obtained; coordinates of the defect with a maximum pixel level value are obtained, and a second defect image is obtained according to the coordinates of the defect with the maximum pixel level value; and the defect with the maximum pixel level value is classified according to the second defect image.

Abstract: A strain gauge device employs a reflective base adapted to reflect a divergent optical signal, and a glass tube attached to the reflective base for optical communication therewith, the glass tube having a working length into which an optical fiber is inserted. The optical fiber is configured for transporting an optic signal indicative of the detected strain. The optic fiber has an outside diameter slightly smaller than an inside diameter of the glass tube for providing a slight tolerance. A distal end is disposed in slidable communication with an interior of the glass tube and accommodated by the tolerance, and a sensing circuit at the proximate end receives an optical signal indicative of strain or displacement. A resilient buffer layer made of soft silicone is disposed outside the glass tube to allow for large deformation measurements and reduce the distortion of the deformation by the introduction of the sensor.

Abstract: A colorimeter includes: a colorimetric section that performs colorimetry; a first wireless communicating section that performs first wireless communication according to a first wireless communication standard; a second wireless communicating section that performs second wireless communication according to a second wireless communication standard; and a processor that controls the first wireless communicating section and the second wireless communicating section. The processor transmits colorimetric data acquired by the colorimetry in the first colorimetric mode by the first wireless communication when colorimetry in a first colorimetric mode is performed. The processor also transmits colorimetric data acquired by the colorimetry in the second colorimetric mode by the second wireless communication when colorimetry in a second colorimetric mode is performed.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting defects in a tubular structure installed in a wellbore extending into a subterranean formation. An input image of the tubular structure contains input data indicative of a characteristic of the tubular structure. A background image is determined based on the input image. The background image contains background data indicative of the characteristic of the tubular structure associated with manufacturing of the tubular structure. A defect image is determined based on a difference between the input image and the background image. The defect image contains defect data indicative of the characteristic of the tubular structure associated with defects in the tubular structure.

Abstract: Methods for determining a radius of gyration of a particle in solution using a light scattering detector are provided. The method may include passing the solution through a flowpath in a sample cell, determining respective angular normalization factors for first and second angles of the detector, obtaining a first scattering intensity of the particle in solution at the first angle, obtaining a second scattering intensity of the particle in solution at the second angle, obtaining a 10° scattering intensity of the particle in solution at an angle of about 10°, determining a first particle scattering factor, determining a second particle scattering factor, plotting an angular dissymmetry plot, fitting a line to the angular dissymmetry plot, determining a slope of the line at a selected location on the line, determining the radius of gyration of the particle in solution from the slope of the line, and outputting the radius of gyration.

Abstract: A measurement method, a measurement device, and a measurement program for acquiring information related to lipid particles contained in a measurement sample prepared without using a fluorescent dye are provided. The problem is resolved by the measurement method for measuring the number of particles in a measurement sample prepared without using a fluorescent dye, the method including obtaining information related to lipid particles contained in the measurement sample based on a plurality of characteristic values regarding light scattering in each particle obtained by a flow cytometer from the individual particles contained in the measurement sample.

Abstract: A method for quality control of contact lens packages comprises receiving a first data set comprising a plurality of images of a contact lens package having physically implanted defects; receiving a second data set comprising a plurality of images of a contact lens package having digitally implanted defects; testing and training, on the first and second data set, a model to determine a validated one or more quality control models; capturing image data of a package of a contact lens; analyzing, based on the validated one or more quality control models, the image data; and causing, based on the analyzing, output of a quality control metric indicative of at least an accept or reject condition of the package.

Abstract: A flow device, method, and system are provided for determining the fluid particle composition. An example flow device includes a fluid sensor configured to monitor at least one particle characteristic of fluid flowing through the fluid sensor. The example flow device also includes at least one processor configured to, upon determining the at least one particle characteristic satisfies a particle criteria, generate a control signal for an external device. The example flow device also includes a fluid composition sensor configured to be powered based on the control signal and further configured to capture data relating to the fluid particle composition. The example flow device is also configured to generate one or more particle profiles of at least one component of the fluid based on the data captured by the fluid composition sensor.

Abstract: An optical measurement system for measuring one or more portions of an object such as a vehicle and solving the issues relating to attitude of vehicle while measuring the one or more portions of the vehicle, is disclosed. The optical measurement system comprising a diagnostic, measurement and repair equipment arranged on the object for example a vehicle via a rigid linking structure. The system comprises a measuring head and one or more targets comprising one or more set of photodiodes. The measuring head is mounted under or on the vehicle. The system is configured to measure parameters representative of the vehicle. The device further comprises a computing device in communication with the equipment, comprising set of instructions to determine a position of the target regarding to a reference point. The location of the point is then compared to an original location of the point to determine the damage in the vehicle.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a device that accurately measures vibration at a designated position of a sensing fiber without using digital signal processing to compensate for distance fluctuation. Digital signal processing for correcting fluctuation of a measurement distance due to a frequency offset of a beat signal due to vibration, which is a measurement target, is simplified. In the present disclosure, vibration at a designated position of the sensing fiber is accurately measured without using the digital signal processing to compensate for the distance fluctuation. A spectrum analysis length of an electrical field E(?n) of backscattered light is set to be larger than a delay deviation Nd due to frequency modulation caused by dynamic strain. An index of tolerance of vibration distribution measurement to the delay deviation Nd is also clarified.

Abstract: Systems and methods for optically measuring a position of a measurement surface relative to a reference position. The system is a wireless network comprising a centrally located data acquisition computer and a multiplicity of remotely located sensor modules mounted at different locations within wireless communication range of a central receiver. Each sensor module is mounted to a clamp that is made specific to a control surface location and embedded with an RFID tag to denote clamp location. The optical components of the sensor modules are selected to enable indication of the linear position of a measurement surface relative to a reference position and then broadcast the measurement results. The broadcast results are received by the central receiver and processed by the data acquisition computer, which hosts human interface software that displays measurement data.

Abstract: Integrated light interrogation modules are provided. In embodiments, the subject integrated light interrogation modules include a flow cell having a light-accessible flow channel for transporting particles in a flow stream, a focusing optical assembly integrated with the flow cell, and a connector for operably attaching a fiber optic light conveyor to the focusing optical assembly, where the focusing optical assembly is projects excitation wavelength light from the fiber optic light conveyor onto a focal spot of the flow cell when the fiber optic light conveyor is operably attached to the connector. In certain embodiments, focusing optical assemblies also include a connector for operably attaching a fiber optic light collection element for collecting fluorescent light emitted by the particles transported through the flow cell. Flow cytometers, methods and kits for practicing the invention are also provided.