Abstract: A non-catalytic process for reducing nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions in the combustion effluent of a stationary combustion apparatus is provided comprising contacting, in the combustion zone of the combustion apparatus, an effective amount of at least one nitrile compound with a waste stream, an auxiliary fuel stream, and air at a temperature sufficient to reduce the NOx emissions in the combustion effluent.

Abstract: A process for producing an ammonium polythiomolybdate of the formula (NH4)2Mo3S13.n H2O where n is 0, 1 or 2 in which an aqueous ammoniacal molybdate solution is reacted with hydrogen sulfide gas in a closed system at superatmospheric pressure until the H2S is no longer absorbed by the solution to form a slurry of solid ammonium tetrathiomolybdate containing a portion of the starting molybdenum in a mother liquor containing the balance of the molybdenum and thereafter heat soaking the reaction product in the presence of elemental sulfur to form the desired product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process based on solid state thermal reaction for the preparation of cathode materials for lithium secondary batteries such as rocking chair and intercalated batteries.

Abstract: A device for selective oxidation of a substance stream comprises a selectively active catalyst. For improving the cold-starting characteristics, the device also has an oxidation catalyst that possesses high activity at low temperatures. The selectively active catalyst is applied as a coating onto one or more surfaces of interior walls of the device. A layer of oxidation catalyst is provided in at least the inlet region where the substance stream enters the device, between the layer of selectively active catalyst and the interior walls of the device.

Abstract: A method is provided for performing array microcrystallizations to determine suitable crystallization conditions for a molecule, the method comprising: forming an array of microcrystallizations, each microcrystallization comprising a drop comprising a mother liquor solution whose composition varies within the array and a molecule to be crystallized, the drop having a volume of less than 1 microliter; storing the array of microcrystallizations under conditions suitable for molecule crystals to form in the drops in the array; and detecting molecule crystal formation in the drops by taking images of the drops.

Abstract: A method for regenerating an amine extractant used for recovery of metals involves contacting a liquid organic phase containing an amine complexed with one or more metals with an aqueous solution substantially free of chloride ions to strip the one or more metals from the organic phase. The stripped organic phase is then contacted with a solution of hydrochloric acid to regenerate the amine extractant which can then be recycled in a production process.

Abstract: Zinc oxide-based sorbents, and processes for preparing and using them are provided, wherein the sorbents are preferably used to remove one or more reduced sulfur species from gas streams. The sorbents contain an active zinc component, optionally in combination with one or more promoter components and/or one or more substantially inert components. The active zinc component is a two phase material, consisting essentially of a zinc oxide (ZnO) phase and a zinc aluminate (ZnAl2O4) phase. Each of the two phases is characterized by a relatively small crystallite size of typically less than about 500 Angstroms. Preferably the sorbents are prepared by converting a precursor mixture, containing a precipitated zinc oxide precursor and a precipitated aluminum oxide precursor, to the two-phase, active zinc oxide containing component.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for reducing the level of pollutants in the exhaust of an engine, comprising: operating the engine using as the fuel a water fuel emulsion; and contacting the exhaust gas from the engine with an oxidation catalyst.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for providing the heat required to maintain the desired temperature for catalyst regeneration. The catalyst is heated by contacting a reactant gas mixture with the catalyst in order to initiate an exothermic reaction and, once the desired temperature is achieved, exposing the catalyst to a regenerating gas. The temperature may also be maintained by heating the reactant gas mixture prior to contacting the catalyst and/or adding a liquid, which may be heated, to the catalyst. For heating a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst for regeneration, the reactant gas preferably contains less than 12 mole percent carbon monoxide and more preferably contains between 1 and 4 mole percent carbon monoxide.

Abstract: Lanthanide-promoted rhodium-containing supported catalysts that are active for catalyzing the net partial oxidation of methane to CO and H2 are disclosed, along with their manner of making and high efficiency processes for producing synthesis gas employing the new catalysts. A preferred catalyst comprises highly dispersed, high surface area rhodium on a granular zirconia support with an intermediate coating of a lanthanide metal and/or oxide thereof and is thermally conditioned during catalyst preparation. In a preferred syngas production process a stream of methane-containing gas and O2 is passed over a thermally conditioned, high surface area Rh/Sm/zirconia granular catalyst in a short contact time reactor to produce a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

Abstract: An apparatus for converting at least one nitrogen oxide, such as NO, O2, or N2O converts oxide in the presence of a catalyst supported on a metal mesh-like structure. The mesh-like structure is preferably fibrous formed of metal or ceramic fibers which may include knitted wire, sintered metal fibers and so on and has a porosity greater than about 85%. The mesh is formed into channels, preferably corrugations, and includes vortex generators, which generate turbulence to create a pressure differential across the mesh, to promote flow of fluids through the mesh pores which normally do not exhibit flow therethrough in the absence of such pressure differential. Preferred embodiments of structured packing and monoliths are disclosed each having a catalyst preferably in the mesh pores and/or coated on the fibers for converting the nitrogen oxide.

Abstract: A flue gas desulfurization apparatus includes at least one activated carbon fiber board 20 provided in a catalyst unit 6, the board being formed by alternatingly juxtaposing one or more plate-like activated carbon fiber sheets and one or more corrugated activated carbon fiber sheets so as to provide vertically extending conduits, wherein water for producing sulfuric acid is supplied, through a capillary phenomenon, to the activated carbon fiber board 20 provided in the catalyst unit 6. The flue gas desulfurization apparatus attains removal of sulfur oxides (SOx) by adding a minimum required amount of water to the activated carbon fiber board 20 so as to attain uniform water distribution and can reduce the amount of water required for removing sulfur oxides (SOx).

Abstract: A burner for producing carbon black, includes a combustion chamber which can be supplied with fuel gas and an oxidizing gas in such a way that a diffusion flame producing carbon black particles is generated in the combustion chamber. The burner is also provided with a carbon-black discharge line. Carbon black formed in the combustion chamber can be discharged via an opening in the combustion chamber which feeds into the carbon-black discharge line. The discharge line is also provided with an opening through which an extinguishing gas can be supplied to the carbon-line. The burner permits the stable and reproducible production of carbon black particles which present well defined chemical and physical characteristics.

Abstract: Metal-N-based or metalloid-N-based materials absorb a substantial amount hydrogen and are useful as hydrogen storage materials for various applications such as hydrogen fuel cell technology.

Abstract: Fine carbon fibers having a fiber diameter of 1 ?m or less, an interlayer distance d002 between carbon layers as determined by an X-ray diffraction method of 0.335 to 0.342 nm or less and satisfying d002<0.3448-0.0028 (log ?) where ? stands for the diameter of the carbon fibers, and a thickness Lc of the crystal in the C axis direction of 40 nm or less. Fine carbon fibers containing boron in crystals of the fiber. The fine carbon fibers can be produced by using vapor-grown fine carbon fibers as a raw material, adding a boron or a boron compound to the material; pressing the mixture to regulate the bulk density to preferably 0.05 g/cm3 or more; and heating at a temperature of 2000° C. or higher.

Abstract: A gas stream containing e.g. molecular hydrogen is used for the regeneration of a catalyst for NOx and SO2 removal from the flue gas of a gas turbine. In order to reduce the consumption of regeneration gas, the gas inlet is located between the SCOSOx catalyst (2) and the SCONOx catalyst (3). The regeneration gas leaves the catalyst chamber upstream of the SCOSOx catalyst and is recycled. For the regeneration of the SCONOx catalyst and to keep SO2 containing gas from entering the SCONOx catalyst, a second regeneration gas inlet is located downstream of the SCONOx catalyst. The regeneration gas entering the catalyst chamber through this port passes the SCONOx (3) and the SCOSOx catalyst (2). The direction of the flow in the SCONOx catalyst can also be reversed. In another example, regeneration gas outlets are located both upstream of the SCOSOx and downstream of the SCONOx catalyst. But, only the regeneration gas from the SCONOx catalyst is recycled.

Abstract: Silane is produced in a continuous process by disproportionating trichlorsilane in at least 2 recreation areas for reaction/distillation, which are run through by a countercurrent of steam and liquid in the presence of catalytically active solid under a pressure which ranges between 500 mbar and 50 bar.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the process of preparation and characterization of novel sodium superionic conductor (NASICON) type niobium aluminium phosphate of formula Cu0.5NbAlP3O12 (CNP), HNbAlP3O12(HNP) and to study its Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) and Photo Acoustic (PA) spectra.

Abstract: The invention relates to uncoated and/or coated sodium percarbonate with improved internal stability and storage stability; and, a process that provides uncoated and/or coated sodium percarbonate with improved internal stability and storage stability.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of carbon monoxide gas (CO gas) that is free of sulfur compounds to the greatest possible extent and a process to use that gas in chemical syntheses, for example, for the synthesis of phosgene from carbon monoxide and chlorine.