Abstract: A method to roll multiple sections starting from a single round section, comprising the steps of: (a) passing the single round section between the rolls of a rolling mill to obtain a single bar including two substantially elliptical, united, twin sections, the major axes of the elliptical sections being inclined by an angle ranging between 5.degree. and 30.degree. in relation to an axis normal to the axes of the rolling rolls; and (b) passing the single bar including two substantially elliptical, united, twin sections between the rolls of a rolling mill to obtain twin-strand round sections.

Abstract: A method of controlling the profile of a sheet material while it is rolled between upper and lower working rolls that can be shifted axially and in opposite directions. The profile of each working roll that varies during the time interval between one changing of the working rolls and another is determined. On the basis of the determined roll profiles, the relationship between the amounts of shifting in the roll position and the configuration of the gap between the upper and lower rolls in the axial direction is determined, so as to determine the amount of shift in the roll position that will provide the smoothest possible configuration for the gap in the axial direction within the area of contact between the work and the working rolls. The upper and lower rolls are shifted axially in accordance with the determination of how to provide the smoothest possible configuration for the gap between rollers.

Abstract: A rolling mill with axially movable rolls, comprising a supporting frame (4), at least two working rolls (1, 1') and at least two back-up rolls (2, 2'), at least one of the working rolls (1) being associated with means (42) for moving the roll (1) along its axis (10) and, for each chock (3), with two symmetrical sets of at least two bending jacks (6, 66). The offset of the roll (1) in relation to a centering position is measured continuously, and the pressure exerted by each bending jack (6) is adjusted at each moment as a function of the offset measured and of the position at the same moment of the particular jack (6) in relation to the mid-plane (P5) of a bearing (12), such that the resultant of the bending forces exerted by all the jacks (6, 66) remains directed at each moment in the mid-plane (P5) of the bearing (12), the bending jacks bearing on the chocks by sliding faces.

Abstract: A multistand tandem strip rolling mill and associated method wherein effective control of gauge and shape are provided. Shape monitoring sensors may be provided adjacent to a first mill stand and adjacent to a downstream mill stand in order to provide feedback-feedforward information regarding strip shape and gauge to controller units which when a predetermined shape has not been achieved issues a control signal to adjust the actuators. A computer preferably has stored information regarding the desired shape and gauge effects a comparison between the signals received from the shape and gauge sensors.Gauge sensors may be provided adjacent to the shape sensors. The mill stands preferably have roll bending cylinders positioned by roll bending system servo-valves which are actuated by signals from the controller.

Abstract: A roll-changing apparatus for use with a rolling machine including a roll-changing truck, a roll-exchanging truck, a roll-setting truck and a roll rack facility which are used to transport sets of rolls in conjunction with one or more racks having vertically spaced-apart sets of rails for supporting and transferring the rolls. The rolls can be transferred by sliding them between individual racks mounted on each of the roll-changing truck, the roll-exchanging truck and the roll rack facility or a single rack can be rolled from the roll rack facility to the roll-exchanging truck and then to the roll-changing truck for transferring the rolls to and from the rolling machine. The roll-setting truck includes a set of vertically movable rails for aligning with a respective set of rails of a rack mounted on the roll rack facility. The roll rack facility includes a plurality of racks, each of which holds a set of used or reconditioned rolls.

Abstract: Speed differential is detected between the entrance side and exit side of a looper, which is provided either on the feed side or on the delivery side of a central processing unit in continuous processing equipment and operates as a continuously supplying mechanism of steel plate, and positional relationship of movable rollers of the looper is detected, which virtually serves to diminish the speed differential, with reference to stationary rollers. By regulating the position of the movable rollers based upon the result of a calculation from the detected signals, the speed of the transported steel plate is controlled. First calculating apparatus calculates a relative speed differential based on the measurement of the looper entrance-side and exit-side speeds and the looper position and second calculating apparatus for calculating the optimum entrance-side speed based on the calculated result by the first calculating apparatus and the measured exit-side speed.

Abstract: A working roll shift type rolling mill has a housing including upper and lower working rolls having working roll chocks, and upper and lower reinforcing rolls having reinforcing roll chocks. Hydraulic rams mounted between the upper and lower working roll chocks apply a vertical force to the vertically facing portions of the respective chocks. The working roll chocks are immovably mounted on their respective working rolls so that they can be moved together. Each of the hydraulic rams has one end mounted in one of the upper or lower working roll chocks and the other end engaging the horizontal wall surfaces of the upper and lower working roll chocks that are vertically adjacent to each other. The working roll chocks and reinforcing roll chocks have flat side surfaces. The housing of the rolling mill includes windows each having a flat side wall such that the working roll chocks and the reinforcing roll chocks may be lifted and lowered within the housing.

Abstract: An eight-roll cold strip mill for producing strips of wide width and light gauges, utilizing upper and lower small diameter work rolls, a pair of backing rolls for each work roll, and a driven roll for each work roll contacting the backing rolls thereof. The work rolls, backing rolls and driven rolls are located within a mill housing. The vertical roll separating forces are transmitted to the housing by a plurality of pressure elements operatively connected to the housing and evenly and closely spaced along and contacting the faces of the driven rolls. The horizontal components of the roll separating force are transmitted to the housing by a plurality of pressure elements operatively connected to the housing and evenly and closely spaced along and in contact with the faces of the backing rolls. Each pressure element comprises an arcuate anvil having a concave portion or cavity corresponding to the radius of the respective one of the driven and backing rolls to be supported thereby.

Abstract: A rolling line for the stretch-reducing of tubes, has a plurality of rolling stands which are arranged closely one after the other. These rolling stands are driven by a group drive, whereby the rolling stands, or at least a part thereof, are divided into groups, the groups being defined between directly acting drive shafts (111). The stand locations lying between these drive shafts (111) are driven by way of differential gear stages (112), each combining two rotational speeds which are derived by way of gear wheel trains (113-116, 117-120) from the drive shafts (111).

Abstract: A plurality of roll-journaling insert bodies for the upper rolls and for the lower rolls raisable and lowerable are mounted on and offset form a stand gate by feet insertable in a plurality of supporting members and, on lowering, lock successively against a motion in the direction of the roll axes and jointly are removable from the rolling-mill stand with the rolls in the axial direction. The supporting members are in the form of a plurality of supporting beams provided with a plurality of passages for the continuous unhindered passage of an item to be rolled through the rolling mill. The raising and lowering devices for the roll-journaling insert bodies can be hydraulic cylinders mounted in the supporting bars. The supporting beams are provided with continuously running grooves for the feet of the structural members.

Abstract: A roller track in a flat stock rolling mill facility includes rollers journalled in a frame having tranversely oriented stiffening traverses extending essentially axis parallel to the rollers, a sensing device for ascertaining absence and presence of rolled stock on the roller track, includes at least one open metallic loop mounted on a traverse in-between two rollers of the track, in a plane extending parallel to a plane of transport but below that plane and being electrically insulated from said traverse; an electric circuit is connected to the loop so that different impedance conditions of the loop are indicative of absence and presence of rolling stock in and on the roller track.

Abstract: An elongation control system for controlling the elongation of a work to be rolled by a rolling mill applied to a continuous thin plate rolling equipment, through control of the rolling load of a press down device in the mill and control of tension on the work, i.e., control of the rates of feed of the work by feeders. The press-down device for pressing down a work roll is controlled based on the difference between the actual elongation detected by an elongation detector and a preset reference elongation.

Abstract: A novel method of hot rolling iron and iron alloy rods, using a hot rolling tool comprising .beta.-Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 and a sintering aid selected from the group consisting of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, AlN, MgO, Y.sub.2 O.sub.3 and ZrO.sub.2, and having a sintered density of 90% or more, Rockwell hardness of 88 or more and a mean particle size of 2.mu. or less.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for height or level-positioning of rolls in rolling mill frames, for adapting the upper edge of the lower working roll to the rolling plane, and for changing the rolls, expecially in four-high mills equipped with a roll changing cart which can travel in the longitudinal direction of the rolls, and equipped with interchangeable shim plates of various individual thicknesses for supporting the holding elements of the support rolls. The apparatus affords an infinitely variable and continous adaptation to the wear of the rolls. The apparatus is operated such that the level or position of the individual shim plates is carried out infinitely variable by way of a short vertical stroke. The mill preferably includes a system of movable wedges which includes two upper wedges and two lower wedges.

Abstract: The device for the detection and regulation of the planeness of strip-shaped rolled products, especially thin-gage strips (1), for cold rolling mills comprises a planeness measuring system with individual measuring elements, which system includes, for example, a planeness measuring roller (3) composed of individual measuring disks (4) with force measuring transmitters arranged along the circumference. By the planeness measuring roller (3), the strip tensile stress is measured over the strip width (5), from which is calculated the longitudinal distribution (.DELTA.L/L) over the strip width as a characteristic variable for the strip planeness. Regulation of the strip tensile stress is effected by installations for cooling and/or lubrication and/or bending and/or pivoting of the rolls.

Abstract: A roll for a foil-drawing calender or the like which is substantially solid, has a central longitudinal bore hole and has journals supported in outer bearings in a roll stand. In the longitudinal bore hole is a stationary core which is supported, at axial locations corresponding to the ends of the working width, via inner bearings in the longitudinal bore hole and is braced via a hydraulic force-exerting arrangement acting in the working plane of the roll in a direction toward the roll gap and against the inside circumference of the longitudinal bore hole. In the vicinity of the inner bearings and in the region of the outer bearings, load-relieving hydraulic force-exerting arrangements are provided which brace the core against the inside circumference of the longitudinal bore hole and act in the action plane of the roll in the direction opposed to that of the other hydraulic force-exerting arrangement.

Abstract: In a roll of the type in which a sleeve is fitted over a roll core, the sleeve is expanded radially outwardly so that the roll profile is varied optimumly depending upon a complex profile or cross section of a strip to be rolled.

Abstract: A method for reducing the thickness of a slab of metal under conditions which tend to cause alligator defects to occur. The method comprises the steps of directing a relatively thick slab of metal several times through a rolling mill or mills to incrementally reduce the thickness of the slab until the thickness approaches a value that tends to produce a longitudinal and lateral fracture in one or both ends of the slab. The thickness of the slab is further reduced by passing the same several times again through a rolling mill or mills, with each of the passes of the slab taking a decreasing amount of reduction in thickness until a predetermined thickness value is reached. The next step involves passing the slab again through a rolling mill to further reduce the thickness thereof, the amount of reduction in this step and pass being substantially greater than that of the last pass immediately preceding this step.

Abstract: A control device for a continuous rolling machine adjusts the rolling position of an ith mill stand to correct a first rolling material dimension and simultaneously controls the rolling position of an (i-1)th mill stand to adjust a perpendicular dimension of the rolling material to compensate for changes caused by the adjustment of the rolling position of the ith mill stand.

Abstract: A porous layer consisting of sintered material containing metal powder or ceramics powder is provided as the inner surface of a mold for use in continuous metal casting, and a shielding plate is provided on the outside of this porous layer. A gas is supplied in a gap portion formed between the porous layer and the shielding plate and the gas is spouted out from the porous portions in the porous layer into the inside of the mold, thereby forming a gas film between the inner surface of the mold and the molten metal. Electromagnetic coils are interposed between a stiffening plate and sandwiching frames around the mold and hanger frames supporting them. An annular cylindrical partition wall surrounding a nozzle is provided between the mold and a tundish, and a water-cooled reflecting plate having an annular downward reflecting surface is also provided therebetween.