Abstract: The transition temperature, the saturation current density with and without a magnetic field and the proportions of normally conducting phases of ceramic superconductors having a structure derived from perovskite are adjusted by changing the content of the electronegative component or, where a plurality of such components is present, of one of the electronegative components in the ion lattice of the superconductor directly on the substrate.

Abstract: This invention presents an NO.sub.x environment effective reduction apparatus comprising a sulfur tolerant coronal-catalyst such as high dielectric coronal-catalysts like glass wool, ceramic-glass wool or zirconium glass wool and method of use. In one embodiment the invention comprises an NO.sub.x reduction apparatus of sulfur tolerant coronal-catalyst adapted and configured for hypercritical presentation to an NO.sub.x bearing gas stream at a minimum of at least about 75 watts/cubic meter.

Abstract: A method is provided for enhancing the transport of a selected ion having a predetermined charge-to-mass ratio through a biomolecular membrane located in a space subjected to a local magnetic field. The space defines at least one reference path passing through the membrane in opposite first and second directions. The method includes the steps of creating a magnetic field which, when combined with the local magnetic field, produces a magnetic field having a flux density with at least one component representable by a component vector having a direction extending in the first direction along the path. This component of the magnetic field has a magnitude that fluctuates at a predetermined rate to produce a nonzero average value. A predetermined relationship between the ratio of the selected rate to the nonzero average value and the charge-to-mass ratio of the predetermined ion is thereby created. The predetermined relationship is a function of the cyclotron resonance frequency of the ion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a group of organic chelators whose affinity for calcium ion in solution is increased by electromagnetic radiation. Specifically, the chelators are related to BAPTA and utilize the addition of an electron-withdrawing group (e.g., diazocarbonyl) to a ring of BAPTA, para to the amino group. Photochemical rearrangement of the diazoacetyl group converts the group to the electron-donating carboxymethyl group, causing the calcium ion efficiency to increase 25 to 50 fold. These chelators when incorporated into rat fibroblasts either by microinjection or by incubation as the membrane-permeable, enzymatically-labile tetraacetoxymethyl ester and flash-photolyzed cause a drop in intracellular free calcine ion to or below resting valves of about 10.sup.-7 M. These chelators are used to generate controlled fast removal of intracellular free calcium ion to mimic or modulate a number of important cellular responses, especially in nerve or muscle.

Abstract: A method of heating reactant materials in a plasma chamber to achieve a reaction temperature by enveloping the materials in a microwave induced electric plasma. The plasma chamber positioned in the microwave waveguide is filled with a gas and predetermined quantities of the reactant materials are placed in the chamber or reactor. A microwave produced electric field is passed through the gas to ionize it and produce an electric plasma that envelopes the reactant materials. The process may be used in a variety of high temperature chemical processes such as the production of tungsten carbide.

Abstract: Processable conductive polymers and a method for their production are disclosed. The processable conductive organic polymers comprise the cationic electropolymerized polymer of an electropolymerizable monomer and, as a counterion in affiliation therewith, a polymer being anionic surface character, the counterion polymer having effective to confer processability. During the production of the conductive polymer from the electropolymerizable monomer, a polymeric electrolyte having anionic surface character is present as a dispersed phase and functions as the counterion.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for modifying a fluorinated cation exchange membrane by irradiation of the membrane with a sufficient dose of non-spark-producing radiation to decrease the voltage in the use of the membrane for electrolyzing brine.

Abstract: An improved substrate for battery sustems is disclosed. The substrate is a conductive ceramic formed from a sub-stiochemetric titanium dioxide material. The material preferrably is TiOx, where x is in the region of 1.55 to 1.95. Methods of manufacture are disclosed as well as configurations for battery elements.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the synthesis of "oxo" products or their derivatives consisting of hydrocarbon compounds containing carbonyl and/or hydroxyl groups, characterized in that a hydrocarbon substrate containing an unsaturation, such as an alkene, is reacted with reactants consisting of a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the reaction taking place after bringing the substrate into contact with the neutral activated species of the mixture of reactants activated to the plasma state.In particular, the present invention relates to a process characterized in that an alkene is reacted to obtain a mixture containing the aldehyde and the alcohol resulting from the fixation on the double bond of the alkene of, respectively, a group ##STR1## or its group ##STR2## obtained by reduction, or only one of these two components by separating it from the mixture.

Abstract: A process for preparing hypericin comprises oxidative dimerization of emodin anthrone and conversion of the intermediate protohypericin to hypericin by irradiation with visible light.

Abstract: The invention provides:(1) a process for preparing a polysilane, comprising subjecting a halosilane to an electrochemical reaction using an anode of magnesium, copper or aluminum;(2) a process for preparing a polysilane, comprising subjecting a halosilane to an electrochemical reaction under sonication using an anode of magnesium, copper or aluminum;(3) a process for preparing a polysilane, comprising subjecting a halosilane to an electrochemical reaction using one electrode of magnesium, copper or aluminum and the other electrode of an electroconductive material which is the same as or different from magnesium, copper or aluminum while changing over the electrode polarity at a specific time interval; and(4) a process for preparing a polysilane, comprising subjecting a halosilane to an electrochemical reaction under sonication using one electrode of magnesium, copper or aluminum and the other electrode of an electroconductive material which is the same as or different from magnesium, copper or aluminum while

Abstract: There is provided a process for preparing five-membered heterocyclic polymers represented by a formula (II) which comprises electrochemically polymerizing five-membered heterocyclic monomers of formula (I) in the presence of tetrabutylammonium alkylsulfate as an electrolyte and an organic solvent, wherein formulas (I) and (II) are represented by the formulas ##STR1## and wherein, M represents nitrogen or sulfur, provided that hydrogen is deleted when M is sulfur;R is hydrogen or a C.sub.4 -C.sub.22 aliphatic alkyl group, provided that R is hydrogen when M is nitrogen, while R is hydrogen or a C.sub.4 -C.sub.22 aliphatic alkyl group including butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl and dodecyl when M is sulfur; andA represents an anion formed from an electrolyte dissociated in the electrolytic polymerization cell and functions as a dopant which facilitates electric conductivity to the polymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing Tc-96 from the proton irradiation of a rhodium target and a technique for isolating under remote hot cell conditions the Tc-96 from the proton irradiated target.

Abstract: In the preparation processes known hitherto for haloacrylic acids and deuterated derivatives thereof, it is necessary to use chemicals, some of which are very toxic or very expensive.However, fluoroacrylic acids are successively prepared from halogenated fluoropropionic acids and derivatives thereof by electrochemical elimination of halogen atoms.For this purpose, the acids or derivatives thereof are electrolyzed in a water-containing solution at a temperature from -10.degree. C. to the boiling point of the electrolysis liquid.

Abstract: A process for the production of a fluorocarbon by reducing a fluorocarbon which contains at least one atom of chlorine and/a bromine, in which the reduction is effected in the presence of a redox couple. The redox couple, which is oxidized in the process, may be reduced electrolytically for re-use in the process. A preferred redox couple is a chromous-chromic couple.

Abstract: In a process for producing a diamond-like film which comprises introducing a hydrocarbon feed gas or a feed gas capable of producing a hydrocarbon on decomposition or reaction into a vacuum, ionizing the gas, and depositing the same on a substrate to form a diamond-like film thereon, the hydrocarbon gas is passed through a plasma exciter prior to the introduction into the vacuum. An apparatus for practicing the process comprises a plasma exciter means located on a passage through which the hydrocarbon gas is introduced into the vacuum.

Abstract: Processable conductive polymers and a method for their production are disclosed. The processable conductive organic polymers comprise the cationic electropolymerized polymer of an electropolymerizable monomer and, as a counterion in affiliation therewith, a polymer having anionic surface character, the counterion polymer being effective to confer processability. During the production of the conductive polymer from the electropolymerizable monomer, a polymeric electrolyte having anionic surface character is present as a dispersed phase and functions as the counterion.

Abstract: A terminally chlorinated normal alkane hydrocarbon is produced at high terminal selectivity, by adsorbing a normal alkane into a select zeolite and chlorinating the adsorbed alkane in the zeolite. The zeolite may be of a type having internal channels of diameter slightly larger than that of the alkane, and substantially no internal chambers, and may be selected from the pentasil family of zeolites. The chlorination reaction may be conducted under heating to enhance terminal selectivity even further, in many cases to levels approaching 100%.

Abstract: This invention relates to alkyl and alkanol sulfonic acid plating baths and to methods for plating tin and tin-lead alloys. It also relates to low foaming wetting systems based on low to moderate foaming surfactants and soluble, non-silicon containing defoamers, and to low volatility brightener systems.

Abstract: A surfactant is present in an aqeuous alkaline electrolyte of a consumable metal anode electrochemical cell in a concentration sufficient to substantially reduce both the surface tension of the electrolyte and the rate of the parasitic corrosion reaction occurring between the electrolyte and the anode. The surfactant is useful in minimizing the harmful side effects, such as increased heat generation, anode consumption without producing useful energy and increased hydrogen gas production rates, such as are associated with the parasitic corrosion reaction experienced in such electrochemical cells.