Abstract: A vinylidene fluoride copolymer comprising 50 to 90% by mole of units having the formula (I):--CH.sub.2 --CF.sub.2 -- (I)1 to 30% by mole of units having the formula (II): ##STR1## 1 to 30% by mole of units having the formula (III): ##STR2## 1 to 30% by mole of units having the formula (IV): ##STR3## and a composition comprising the copolymer as the main component. Since the copolymer is excellent in solvent solubility, it can be dissolved in a widely used solvent for coatings and it is not required to treat the film at a high temperature after coating. Moreover, the obtained film is excellent in adhesion to a substrate, glossiness, weatherability, stain resistance and corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A multiply-branched aliphatic-aromatic polyester and a method for producing that polymer. The method comprises condensing a branching reactant represented by the general formula ##STR1## Each j is 1 or 2, each Ar is independently selected from the group consisting of aromatic and heteroaromatic moieties having a total of ring carbons and heteroatoms of from 5 to about 20, each R.sup.1 is a linking group independently selected from alkyl having from 1 to about 6 carbons, fluoroalkyl having from 1 to about 6 carbons, --O--, --S--, --C.tbd.C--, and ##STR2## Z.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl and --OSi(CH.sub.3).sub.3, and each Z.sup.2 is independently selected from groups having the structural formula ##STR3## wherein each R.sup.2 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, chloro, bromo, monovalent alkoxide having from 1 to about 6 carbons, and --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.g --OH, wherein g is an integer from 1 to 3, or Z.sup.

Abstract: Described is a coating composition comprising at least a polycarbodiimide component having at least two carbodiimide groups per molecule, at least one anhyride component having one or more carboxylic acid anhydride groups per molecule, and a hydroxylic reagent capable of reacting with said anhydride component to generate free carboxylic polyacids, at least one among said components and reagents being a compound suitable for forming films. The composition produces fast cross-linking coatings at low temperatures.

Abstract: A multiply-branched aliphatic-aromatic polyester and a method for producing that polymer. The method comprises condensing Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 groups of a branching reactant having the general formula Z.sup.1 --Ar--(Z.sup.2)j. In this formula, j is 2 or 3 and Ar is an aryl or heteroaryl group having from 1 to 3, solitary or linked or fused, substituted or unsubstituted, five or six membered rings. One of Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 is a group having the ##STR1## general formula in which R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, chloro, bromo, monovalent alkoxide having from 1 to about 6 carbons, and --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.d --OH, wherein d is an integer from 1 to 3; and the other is a group having the general formula ##STR2## in which R.sup.2 is a divalent alkyl group having from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, and g is an integer from 0 to about 100.

Abstract: Polymer powders which are redispersible in water and are obtainable by atomizing aqueous polymer dispersions to which from 3 to 50% by weight, based on the polymer, of a water-soluble alkali metal salt or alkaline earth metal salt of a phenolsulfonic acid/formaldehyde condensate has been added are used as additives in hydraulic binders.

Abstract: A polyester exhibiting melt anisotropy and improved thermal stability is provided which consists essentially of structural units represented by the formulas (i) to (iii), wherein: ##STR1## wherein Ar.sub.1 is 1,4-phenylene and/or 2,6-naphthalene, Ar.sub.2 is 2,6-naphthalene and/or 2,7-naphthalene, and X.sub.3 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Disclosed are melt-processable wholly aromatic polyesters prepared from terephthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, and hydroquinone.

Abstract: This invention pertains to novel copolyesters consisting essentially of units (I), (II), (III), and (IV). ##STR1## and blends of these polymers and articles made from both. Units (I), (II), (III), and (IV) are present in specified proportions as defined in the "Description of the Invention."The instant copolyesters display orientation in the molten state, good fiber ratings and high strength. Advantageously, the polymers of the present invention display a significant improvement in viscosity and moldability of the neat polymer. The polymers have excellent mechanical and surface properties including blister resistance, strength, toughness, and ability to vapor phase solder, and form strong fibers while still maintaining a high heat distortion temperature. They have melting points in the range of from about 250.degree. to about 360.degree. C. and are melt-processible. Advantageously, these compositions filled with about 30 weight percent of glass fibers display heat distortion temperatures of up to 240.degree.

Abstract: A crystalline wholly aromatic polyester:(1) which consists essentially ofa polymer unit A of the formula ##STR1## a polymer unit B of the formula ##STR2## a polymer unit C of the formula ##STR3## these polymer units being bonded together to form an ester having a linkage (--COO--),(2) which has a melting point lower than that of the known crystalline wholly aromatic polyester having same composition; a process for the production of a crystalline wholly aromatic polyester, using a phenol or phenol derivative as a reaction medium; a reinforced resin composition comprising the above wholly aromatic polyester; and a shaped or molded article formed from the above resin composition.

Abstract: The new polyphosphonates, which are highly branched through polyfunctional phosphorus compounds, are suitable for use as moldings, fibers or films and as flameproofing agents and stabilizers in plastics. The new highly branched polyphosphonates show high resistance to thermal ageing and ensure good processability coupled with high migration resistance at elevated in-use temperatures.

Abstract: A method for sulfonating items comprising polybenzazole polymers is described. These sulfonated polybenzazole items are incorporated into composites containing a matrix resin such as an epoxy resin. The interfacial shear strength of these sulfonated polybenzazole fiber-containing composites is significantly improved over the interfacial shear strength of similar composites containing unsulfonated polybenzazole fibers.

Abstract: Bioerodible polyarylates derived from biocompatible dicarboxylic acids and natural amino acid-derived diphenol starting materials. Molded articles and controlled drug delivery systems prepared from the polyarylates are also disclosed.

Abstract: A multiply-branched cycloalkyl polyester and a method for producing that polymer. The method comprises condensing Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 groups of a branching reactant having the general formula (Z.sup.1)j-CYCLO-(Z.sup.2)k, in which j is 1 or 2, k is 1 or 2, j+k is 3, 4, or 5. CYCLO is selected from the group consisting of non-aromatic ring systems having from 1 to 8, solitary or fused or linked alkyl or heteroalkyl rings. One of Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 is a group having the general formula ##STR1## and the other is --OH, --OSi(CH.sub.3).sub.3, or a group having the general formula ##STR2## R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, chloro, bromo, monovalent alkoxide having from 1 to about 6 carbons, and --O-- (CH.sub.2).sub.d --OH, wherein d is an integer from 1 to 3. R.sup.2 is a divalent alkyl group having from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, and g is an integer from 0 to about 100. If CYCLO is a solitary ring then j+k is 3, 4, or 5. If Z.sup.1 is bonded to a linear aliphatic linking group then Z.sup.

Abstract: There are disclosed methods and compositions for retarding the room temperature gelation and eventual hardening of phenolic resole resins when such resins are mixed with lightburned magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide hardening agents with or without an ester functional hardening agent. Retardation of gelation and hardening is achieved by incorporating into said mixture a compound which decreases the solubility of magnesium in said mixture. Additionally, hardening at higher temperatures, thermal curing, as well as refractories, coated abrasives, polymer concrete, and other methods and compositions of this invention are disclosed.

Abstract: Resin blends having improved toughness and resistance to heat deformation are obtained by blending crystalline propylene polymers, random thermoplastic styrenic copolymers containing .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydride, and amino- or hydroxy-functionalized elastomers. The amino- or hydroxy-functionalized elastomers may be formed in situ by the reaction of anhydride-functionalized elastomers and linking compounds having at least two active-hydrogen containing functional groups such as amino or hydroxyl.

Abstract: Disclosed are styrenic polymer blends, preferably rubber modified styrenic polymer blends, containing a binary styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer in combination with a fumaronitrile-containing styrenic copolymer. The preferred rubber modified styrenic polymer blends hereof have improved heat and impact resistances and are composed of a binary styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer grafted to and/or occluded within a rubber substrate and dispersed in a matrix phase copolymer comprising fumaronitrile, styrene, and, optionally, acrylonitrile such that the concentration of acrylonitrile in the grafted and/or occluded portion of the rubber modifier is at least equal to and is preferably greater than the total concentration of fumaronitrile and acrylonitrile in the copolymer of the matrix phase.

Abstract: AB-polybenzoxazole monomer, such as 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, can be synthesized in high yields from a hydroxy-benzoic acid or related compound in a three-step process of (1) nitration, (2) hydrolysis of the ester, and (3) reduction of the nitro moiety. The monomer is conveniently recovered as a phosphate salt in high purity by precipitating and recrystallizing from a phosphoric acid solution. The monomer may be polymerized in high concentrations in polyphosphoric acid containing high levels of P.sub.2 O.sub.5 to yield a high molecular weight polymer without dehydrohalogenation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nonlinear optical material comprising nonlinear optical dihydroxy arylhydrazones and to nonlinear optical materials comprising compositions containing at least one divalent moiety of nonlinear optical arylhydrazones. The present invention also relates to polyesters, polyestercarbonates, polycarbonates, polyethers, and poly(hydroxy ether) polymers, incorporating the dihydroxy arylhydrazone as recurring divalent moieties in the backbone of the polymer. The polymeric compositions of the present invention have high glass transition temperatures and exhibit stable nonlinear optical activity at high temperatures over a period of time.

Abstract: Integrated circuit sockets for use in a burn-in test are disclosed. The IC sockets are produced by injection molding of a specific polyimide having an inherent viscosity of 0.35 to 0.65 dl/g and essentially consisting of recurring units represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X is a radical selected from the group consisting of a bond, divalent hydrocarbon having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, etc. and R is a tetravalent radical selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic radical having two or more carbon atoms, cycloaliphatic radical, monoaromatic radical etc.

Abstract: A melt processable poly(ester-amide) which is capable of forming an anisotropic melt phase is provided. A poly(ester-amide) of the present invention may have recurring units of: (a) 4-hydroxybenzoyl moiety, (b) 6-oxy-2-naphthoyl moiety, (c) 4,4'-biphenol moiety, (d) terephthaloyl moiety, and (e) an aromatic moiety capable of forming an amide linkage in the proportions indicated. Preferably, the moiety capable of forming an amide linkage is derived from p-aminophenol, p-phenylenediamine, N-acetyl-p-aminophenol, etc. The resulting poly(ester-amide) is capable of undergoing melt-processing in the temperature range of from about 300.degree. to about 400.degree. C.