Abstract: A nonlinear device of the present invention includes: a first electrode and a second electrode at least partially opposing each other; and a nonlinear resistant layer made of a material mainly containing zinc sulfide, formed so as to be in contact with the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is made of an electrode material satisfying a relationship .DELTA.G.sub.M -.DELTA.G.sub.Zn >0, where .DELTA.G.sub.M is standard free energy of a generation reaction of a sulfide of the electrode material and .DELTA.G.sub.Zn is standard free energy of a generation reaction of a sulfide of zinc.

Abstract: Electro-optical glare protection device is disclosed for use with protective glasses, protective helmets or protective masks with at least one optical detector, especially a photodiode, with an electro-optical glare protection plate incorporating at least one liquid crystal cell, and with an electronic circuit for the adjustment and setting of the optical transmission of this glare protection plate. The protective device comprises a non-optical detector and a switch connected to the electronic circuit for adjusting the optical transmission of the glare protection plate. The switch links the signals produced by these detectors with each other as an and/or circuit. The electronic circuit generates corresponding switch signals.

Abstract: A reflection-type liquid crystal display module has a liquid crystal panel including a first substrate of, for example, a rectangular shape, a second substrate opposed to the first substrate and a liquid crystal layer provided in a space between the first substrate and the second substrate to form a display screen, a package for encasing and holding the liquid crystal panel while maintaining the first substrate in an exposed state and a dichroic prism to which the first substrate is attached. At least two sides each of the first substrate have a side edge extruding outwardly over a corresponding side end of the second substrate. The side edges of the first substrate are fixed between the dichroic prism and the package, whereby the second substrate is supported by the first substrate and not by the package.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal display device comprising a substrate; a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in matrix; a plurality of data bus lines, each of the data bus lines being arranged between two adjacent pixel electrodes in row direction; a plurality of gate bus lines spaced from each other, each of the gate bus lines being arranged between two adjacent pixel electrodes in column direction and being intersected with each of the data bus line; and a plurality of thin film transistors arranged in matrix on the substrate, wherein each of the thin film transistors has a gate electrode formed on the substrate to be connected to the gate bus line, a source electrode extended from one part of the gate bus line up to a crossing portion of the data and gate bus lines to be connected to the data bus line, and a drain electrode extended from the other part of the gate electrode to the pixel electrode, and is arranged corresponding to each of the pixel electrodes.

Abstract: The reflected light absorbing plate 23 is divided into plural areas by light absorbing walls 20, and is adapted to satisfy a pre-determined condition among the width of one area d, thickness thereof t and the refraction index of the absorbing plate n. The reflected light absorbing plate 23 is applied to the display panel 134 having a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer as a light modulating layer 16 via a light coupling layer 14. The reflected light absorbing plate 23 and the light modulating layer 16 are spaced by a pre-determined distance taking MTF into consideration. While the light 17a diffused at a minute area A is reflected at the interface 21 with air, the light is absorbed by the light absorbing wall 20 and never returns to the light modulating layer 16.

Abstract: An optically anisotropic film comprising a mixture of a polymer, a dye having an absorption peak not in a visible region but in an ultraviolet region, and occasionally a liquid crystal polymer, wherein the retardation of the optically anisotropic film is between 50 nm and 3000 nm, and the dye has an aspect ratio of 1.5 or more, or the dye shows a dichroism. The optically anisotropic film has a high wavelength dispersion of the retardation, and a liquid crystal display apparatus achieves an excellent black-and-white display by using the optically anisotropic film.

Abstract: A polymer dispersed liquid crystal display device includes a top substrate and a bottom substrate. First electrodes are provided on the top substrate and second electrodes are provided on the bottom substrate. Orientation are provided on the top and the bottom substrates. The orientation films are respectively rubbed in predetermined directions. A polymer material, a liquid crystal material and a predetermined amount of a chiral agent are interposed between the top and bottom substrates. The polymer material is separated from the liquid crystal material through irradiation by ultraviolet rays. The liquid crystal material and polymer material have a mutually orientated and dispersed structure. The liquid crystal material has a predetermined twisting angle in a predetermined twist direction. As a result, light is scattered when substantially normal to the liquid crystal display device and the surface of the top substrate.

Abstract: A mixed material of liquid crystals and resin is dropped on at least one substrate in an amount greater than the amount needed to cover a display area for the LCD panel. The substrate is adhered to another substrate, and excess material is removed to the outside of a display area. The phase-separation of the liquid crystals and resin is carried out by irradiating light while pressure is added to at least one substrate, so that a liquid crystal display panel applied to a liquid crystal display device or a light shutter can be manufactured without applying a complex vacuum device.

Abstract: A method of mounting a liquid crystal display module thereof which secures an upper sash including the liquid crystal display module to a lower sash in a notebook personal computer. An arm coupled to one end of a fixed rod by a hinge is arranged to be positioned between a side wall of the upper sash and a side wall of the lower sash. A screw goes through from the side wail of the upper sash, via the arm, to the side wall of the liquid crystal display module.

Abstract: A backlit liquid crystal display device having company branding. The device includes a liquid crystal display, a diffuser panel with associated lighting means, and a reflector panel to re-direct light towards a viewing surface of the display. A pattern of dots or lines in the form of a company logo or trademark is strategically located so as to provide company branding of the display when operated in a backlit mode.

Abstract: Reflective pixels composed of chromium are formed on a substrate and a polyimide film is provided on the substrate. Rubbing in two directions is conducted through a mask rubbing process. Transparent pixel electrodes, composed of indium tin oxide (ITO), are formed on a substrate, a polyimide film is formed on another substrate, and orientation processing is conducted in the same direction over the entire surface. A polymer dispersion liquid crystal is provided between these two substrates. The liquid crystal does not contain a chiral agent. The liquid crystal is divided into a left twist area having a left twist orientation state and a right twist area having a right twist orientation state. Between the substrates, the polymer and the liquid crystal are mutually orientation dispersed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display has a light source unit and a liquid crystal panel unit, and includes a unit for emitting rays having wavelengths corresponding to the primary colors in respective three directions, a lens group unit provided on the light incident side of the liquid crystal panel unit; and a lens group unit provided on the light emitting side of the liquid crystal panel unit and having a focal plane disposed outside the liquid crystal panel unit. Angles of propagation directions of emitted rays of the primary colors are made different from one another by the primary-colors three direction emitting unit, the rays of the primary colors are introduced into respective picture elements corresponding to the primary colors by the panel-light incident side lens group unit, and the propagation directions of the emitted rays of the primary colors are made to substantially coincide with one another by the panel-light emitting side lens group unit.

Abstract: A two-terminal nonlinear element for a liquid crystal display device, which is connected to a corresponding one of pixel electrodes of the liquid crystal display device, includes: a lower electrode connected to a signal line formed on one substrate of the liquid crystal display device; an insulating film formed on a surface of the lower electrode; and an upper electrode formed to face the lower electrode via the insulating film and connected to the corresponding one of the pixel electrodes. The insulating film has a first portion interposed between the upper electrode and the lower electrode and a second portion surrounding the upper electrode and having a thickness larger than that of the first portion, and the first and second portions of the insulating film are made of a same metal oxide produced by anodization.

Abstract: A twisted nematic liquid crystal display which have a pixel divided into at least one is fabricated by using a UV light irradiated photo-polymer layer provided on a substrate, which includes a polysiloxane based material or polyvinylfluorocinnamate. The alignment direction and pretilt angle direction are adjusted by anchoring energy and flowing effect of liquid crystal material between substrates.

Abstract: A mixed material of liquid crystals and resin is dropped on at least one substrate in an amount greater than the amount needed to cover a display area for the LCD panel. The substrate is adhered to another substrate, and excess material is removed to the outside of a display area. The phase-separation of the liquid crystals and resin is carried out by irradiating light while pressure is added to at least one substrate, so that a liquid crystal display panel applied to a liquid crystal display device or a light shutter can be manufactured without applying a complex vacuum device.

Abstract: A mixed material of liquid crystals and resin is dropped on at least one substrate in an amount greater than the amount needed to cover a display area for the LCD panel. The substrate is adhered to another substrate, and excess material is removed to the outside of a display area. The phase-separation of the liquid crystals and resin is carried out by irradiating light while pressure is added to at least one substrate, so that a liquid crystal display panel applied to a liquid crystal display device or a light shutter can be manufactured without applying a complex vacuum device.

Abstract: An active matrix display device for suppressing voltage variation .DELTA.V due to off-operation of a gate pulse, including TFTs and picture-element electrodes, at least one of the TFTs being assigned to each picture element, and each of the TFTs having a gate electrode connected to a gate line (first gate line), and a source and a drain one of which is connected to a data line, wherein a picture-element electrode concerned is formed so as to be overlapped with the first gate line through an insulator, and also so as to be overlapped through an insulator with a gate line other than the first gate line or a wiring disposed in parallel to the first gate line.

Abstract: An active matrix type LCD panel includes an active matrix portion including a plurality of this film transistors, a plurality of scan signal lines and a plurality of data lines, and a shunt bus formation portion including at least first and second bus lines formed independently of each other. The first shunt bus line is connected to the scan signal lines 1 and the second shunt bus line is connected to the data lines to thereby protect the transistors against a surge voltage such as electrostatic charges and facilitate a test for short-circuit conditions between the adjacent lines.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes a liquid crystal panel for data display comprising a pair of oppositely disposed substrates and a liquid crystal disposed between the substrates, a sheet of substantially transparent protection plate disposed opposite to and with a prescribed gap from a display surface of the liquid crystal panel for protecting the liquid crystal panel, and a polarizer sheet for selectively transmitting light having a plane of polarization in a prescribed direction disposed on at least the display surface of the liquid crystal panel. The display apparatus further includes an anti-reflection film disposed on at least a front surface on an opposite side with respect to the liquid crystal panel of the protection plate among two surfaces of the protection plate and a surface of the polarizer sheet.

Abstract: A liquid crystal orienting method orients a liquid crystal of a liquid crystal display medium (1) having a base (2), a conductive layer (3) formed on the base (2), and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal film (PDLC film) (4) formed of a material prepared by dispersing the liquid crystal in a polymer. A charger (71) is disposed opposite to the surface of the liquid crystal display medium (1) on the side of the PDLC film (4) so as not to come into contact with the liquid crystal display medium (1), and a grounded electrode (72) is disposed near the charger (71) so as to come into contact with the liquid crystal display medium (1). A potential difference is created through the conductive layer (3) between a portion of the liquid crystal display medium (1) charged by the charger (71) and a portion of the same in contact with the electrode (72) by electrostatic induction. Consequently, a vertical electric field is applied to the PDLC film (4) to orient the liquid crystal of the PDLC film (4).