Abstract: A laser processing device capable of recognizing a failure of pulsed laser beam irradiation during a process of pulsed laser beam irradiation and taking appropriate measures. A first judgment section and a second judgment section monitor respectively whether a pulsed laser beam is actually irradiated by an oscillation of a laser oscillator at the timing when a pulse signal is output from a pulse signal output section and whether the pulse signal output section outputs the pulse signal as setting to the laser oscillator at the timing when the pulse signal is output based on the preset pulse number. When there is a failure of the pulsed laser beam irradiation during the processing, the occurrence of failure is recognized and it can be recognized whether the failure is caused by a laser beam irradiating unit or a controller including the pulse signal output section.

Abstract: A fryer for business use is provided which can prevent degradation of cooking oil, secure a good cooking environment and improve a work efficiency. To this end, the fryer of this invention comprises: a water tank 32, 82 to store water; an oil tank 9, 51 arranged above the water tank to store the cooking oil in contact with the stored water in the water tank; a heater 13, 52 arranged in an oil layer in the oil tank; and an oil delivery pipe 10, 61 through which to draw the cooking oil in the oil layer by a pump 29, 64 and release it onto a bottom of the water tank 32, 82; wherein the released cooking oil rises through the water layer and flows into a lower part of the oil layer.

Abstract: Thermoelectric effects that occur during laser trimming of resistors (20) are resolved by taking voltage measurements. The voltage attributed to laser heating on a resistor (20) during a low-power simulated trim (10) is used to determine a relatively thermal-neutral location (18) on the resistor (20). A trimming-to-value operation can then be performed on all like resistors (20). Voltage measurements can also be taken before and after every pulse in a trimming operation to establish thermal deviation information that can be used to offset the desired trim value against which resistor measurement values are compared. Spatially distant or nonadjacent resistors (20) in a row or column can also be trimmed sequentially to minimize heating effects that might otherwise distort resistance values on adjacent or nearby resistors (20).

Abstract: The invention relates to a gateway server for receiving a message from a terminal and comprising a protocol stack (50) for processing the message according to a particular protocol stack. The server further comprises license control means (53) for controlling the access right of the message to enter the server before the message is allowed to pass to the protocol stack (50). The invention also relates to a method and a computer program product for controlling, at a server, access right of a message received from a terminal at the server.

Abstract: A wireless communications protocol utilizes protocol data units (PDUs) for transmitting and receiving service data units (SDUs). Each PDU has a sequence number of n bits for indicating a relative sequential ordering of the PDU in a transmitted or received stream of PDUs. A transmission time interval (TTI) is also used in which a predetermined number of PDUs are transmitted or received. PDUs are received within a TTI. A starting sequence number and an ending sequence number for received PDUs within the TTI are found. Any received PDU within the TTI that has a sequence number that is sequentially before the starting sequence number or that is sequentially after the ending sequence number is discarded. The incremental magnitude of the sequence numbers is used to signal discarded PDUs.

Abstract: System resources are pooled and allocated in an optimal manner to handling telephone voice traffic or to handling computer data traffic. A combination of mechanisms is used to achieve higher statistical multiplexing on a network interface by dynamically adjusting the multiplexing. The system: 1) Provides homogeneous access to DS0 trunk resource by both voice and data traffic, resulting in a larger resource pool. 2) Partially normalizes the class of service characteristics of data traffic to make it more predictable and can dynamically adjust the bandwidth such that requests for resources can be honored with a higher success rate, and 3) Maintains multiple qualities of service for multiple voice and data streams drawing from a single resource pool. Data traffic is normalized into flows, each of which has an assigned priority and bandwidth is allocation to each of the flows.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and apparatus for end-users to allocate a communication medium locally without requiring a central arbitration device while guaranteeing access to the end-users. The end-users bid for control of an upstream data channel by concurrently transmitting auction data and address data on a first upstream signaling channel and a second upstream signaling channel. An end-user gains control of the upstream data channel when data received from the first and second downstream signaling channels match the auction and address bits. When it is determined that the end-user lost the bid, the end-user backs off from the first and second upstream signaling channels and refrains from bidding until the first and second upstream signaling channels become quiet.

Abstract: A method for communicating data according to ISDN protocol includes connecting a first IDSL line interface to a second IDSL line interface at a location remote from the first IDSL line interface, the first IDSL line interface having a first bit rate, and the second IDSL line interface having a second bit rate. The method also includes transmitting data between the first IDSL line interface and the second IDSL line interface, determining that a CRC level associated with the data transfer exceeds a predetermined acceptable level, and lowering the second bit rate until a CRC level associated with subsequent data transfer between the first and second IDSL line interfaces meets or falls below the predetermined acceptable level.

Abstract: In an OFDM transmission scheme, in order to compensate any frequency response variations time wise resulted from any distortion in a transmission path, out-of-synchronization with passage of time, frequency drift, and phase shift, and to improve a demodulation characteristic, a PS detector in a receiver receiving an OFDM signal detects a pilot symbol. A PS1 TPFR calculator calculates a frequency response of the transmission path for a first pilot symbol, while a PS2 TPFR calculators calculates a frequency response of the transmission path for a second pilot symbol for a second pilot symbol. Thereafter, a compensation vector calculator calculates compensation vectors from the frequency responses of the transmission path for both of the first and second pilot symbols by linear approximation. A frequency response compensatory compensates the frequency response variation of subcarriers in a data symbol based on the calculated compensation vectors.

Abstract: To charge surely depending on data transmitted through a TCP/IP communication network or the like with a simple configuration. In charging method for data transmission in a communication network in which a plurality of positions are connected to each other through a wide area network, sub-networks being connected to the respective positions through LANs, and sending of data from terminal stations in the sub-networks or receiving of data in the terminal stations being performed, sampling measurements of transmission states of originated data in the LANs and transmission states of incoming data in the LANs are performed in the LANS connected to respective positions, the data of the transmission states subjected to the sampling measurement being periodically transmitted to a predetermined center connected to the communication network, and an amount of charging to each sub-network being decided on the basis of the data of the transmission states transmitted to the center.

Abstract: A Fault Tolerant Dial Router (FTDR) includes redundant subsystem resources that operate independently of telephone line interface connections. The redundant resources are switched active when a failure is detected in an activated dial router subsystem. Switching out subsystem failures is fully automated under software control, providing uninterrupted service to users with limited performance loss. The FTDR includes a switching mechanism that selectively switches out the telephone interfaces or other subsystem resources inside the dial router box detected as having failures. The subsystem resources include line framers, controllers and modem modules.

Abstract: Resource units are assigned within a cell of a wireless time division duplex communication system using code division multiple access. Each resource units is associated with a time slot and a code. For selected ones of the cell's resource units, the code interference level is measured during that unit's time slot and using that unit's code. The code interference level is compared to a threshold to determine whether that unit has an acceptable code interference level. Resource units are assigned to communications out of the unit's having acceptable interference levels.

Abstract: This invention is intended to eliminate an operation to copy the frame-relay frame, which was written in a memory through a frame transmission processing device, into another area excluding a memory table for the frame data, when a multiprotocol of a frame-relay frame is converted into a multiprotocol of the AAL5 frame. The frame-relay frame transmission circuit performs retrieval in the connection table and obtains the shift size by which the frame is to be shifted from the top address of a frame buffer. Then, the circuit searches the frame buffer, and transmits the frame buffer address with the shift information to a processor bus interface. The processor bus interface transmits the received frame to the address in the DMA transmission process.

Abstract: A high-resolution, per-packet measurement tool for analyzing a computer network that operates by sending a predetermined number of packets from a sender machine to a receiver machine with measurement information inserted into the packet. The system kernel at the sending machine stamps a sequence number and the sender's local time into the data section of each packet. When packets arrive at the receiver machine, they are similarly stamped by the receiving machine's kernel with the receiving machine's local time. The maintained packet information serves as the basis for latency analysis. For example, one set of latencies can be obtained with QoS mechanisms turned on, and another set with QoS mechanisms turned off, whereby the benefits of the QoS mechanisms can be accurately determined. To analyze the latencies, the present invention normalizes each time and each latency into relative latency information. Clock skew and timer jumps may be handled as part of the normalization.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are described for real-time buying and selling of bandwidth at differentiated quality of service levels, routing of excess traffic over the bandwidth purchased in real time, and billing and settlement of the transactions. In the present invention, a network user buys bandwidth to have a fixed capacity level. When the current traffic level exceeds the fixed capacity level, the network user buys additional capacity in real time as needed to handle the overflow. In addition, when the fixed capacity level exceeds the current traffic level, the network user can sell the excess capacity as available. Further, network users can select among a number of response times. The response times, which can be guaranteed, allow all traffic to be delivered within a time limit, or set time limits within which different types of data can be delivered.

Abstract: A system and method of bypassing the regulated portion of the Public Switching Telephone Network (PSTN) to establish carrier-grade voice transmissions and/or IP data communications between an Internet Calling Person having a first telephone and a first PC coupled to a first Local Service Access Provider (LSAP) and an Internet Called Party having a second telephone and a second PC coupled to a second different Local Service Access Provider (LSAP).

Abstract: To allow bi-directional communication by using a bridge type feed and to reduce a load on equipment such as a receiver connected to a UDL network, a communication apparatus for carrying out communication on the Internet using an uni-directional communication line comprises an interface (5b) for receiving IP datagram to be transmitted to the communication line at the side for transmitting data to the communication line, and an interface (12) for realizing a virtual communication route from the receiving side to the transmitting side on the communication line, for carrying out bi-directional communication as UDLR. Moreover, the apparatus determines a destination of a packet inputted to the feed through a predetermined interface, then determines which network the packet should be transferred to in accordance with the determined destination of the packet, and then transfers the packet through a predetermined interface only when transfer is necessary.

Abstract: In a communications system, data is multiplexed onto a transmission medium at a transmitter and demultiplexed from the transmission medium at a receiver. The clock applied to the transmitter and receiver is a multiplying delay-locked loop in which a delay line provides a multiplied clock which is applied back to its input. A delay adjustment circuit including a proportional phase comparator of low offset adjusts delay in the delay line.

Abstract: A network element provides service control point or database node front end processing functionality, as well as routing functionality for routing data packets through a network. The network element includes a first communication module for receiving data packets from a first communication network. A second communication module transmits data packets over a second communications network. A database access control (DAC) process queries a DAC database and modifies received packets to include information returned by the database lookup.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for wireless communication are described. In one embodiment, a method for communicating with a subscriber comprises transmitting orthogonal frequency domain multiplexing (OFDM) signals to the subscriber, and receiving direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) signals from the subscriber.