Abstract: A process for the production of papermaking fiber or pulp from waste solids emanating from pulp and paper mills, particularly waste solids in process water streams containing fibrous solids that cannot be directly recycled by paper mill "saveall" devices, from pulp and paper mill process water streams conveyed by the sewerage system to wastewater treatment plant facilities, and from "sludge" emanating from the underflow of a primary clarifier or sedimentation basin at pulp and paper mill wastewater treatment facilities either before or after the "sludge" is thickened and dewatered.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a spin coating apparatus for feeding a clean liquid at a fixed rate. In any of the feeding apparatus in the prior art, no constituent other than a filter has the function of eliminating foreign matter, and the operation of feeding a liquid under precise control is not attained. This results in the problem of the mixing of the foreign matter (and air bubbles) in the feed liquid, and the problem of nonuniformity in a feed speed as well as a feed amount. As expedients for solving these problems, the present invention provides the functions of automatically sensing and excluding factors for the appearances of the foreign matters, and devices for automatically and precisely controlling feed control elements such as a pump, thereby feeding the clean liquid in a constant amount and at a constant speed.

Abstract: A food breading assembly which includes a grid member sandwiched between an upper bin for holding food items to be breaded and a lower bin for holding breading material such as flour, bread crumbs, and the like. The upper and lower bins have aligned handles projecting from each side which the user can grasp with his hands to hold the upper and lower bins together and the grid sandwiched tightly between. The user can then shake the assembly causing the breading material to be propelled upwardly through the apertures of the grid to bread the food items in the upper bin. When completed, the upper bin is lifted off the grid with the breaded food on the grid. The grid has a pair of handles the user then grasps to lift the grid and breaded food thereon away from the lower bin, carry over to a cooking receptacle and drop the breaded food items therein without the user having to touch the food with his hands.

Abstract: The removal of sticky contaminants during the production of recycled paper is accomplished utilizing a hydrocyclone froth flotation process. Paper having sticky contaminants from labels, tapes, hot melts, and other tacky substances, is reduced to a finely comminuted liquid solids suspension of about 1-4% consistency. The suspension is introduced into a first end of a vortex in a hydrocyclone, and the air is sparged radially inwardly into the suspension vortex by passing it through a porous inner wall of the hydrocyclone. Ligher weight sticky contaminants move to the center of the hydrocyclone, facilitated by the radially inward movement of the sparging air, and hydrophobic sticky contaminants attach to the air bubbles and form a foam. The foam and lightweight sticky contaminants are removed from the first end of the vortex, while the pulp which has had sticky contaminants removed therefrom is discharged from the second end of the vortex, opposite the first end.

Abstract: An apparatus for coating an article on both sides with a continuous layer of granular flowable material of constant thickness. The apparatus includes a belt for transporting the articles, with the material being capable of passing through the belt. The belt further includes an uppermost run and a lowermost run, with guide plates positioned beneath the uppermost and lowermost runs, with the material and the belt capable of being moved over the guide plates. The lowermost run of the belt is twice oppositely guided downward in the direction of the belt's movement to form three belt sections in the lowermost run. The three belt sections further include a first belt section, a second belt section positioned beneath the first belt section, and a third belt section positioned beneath the second belt section.

Abstract: A painting system for an automobile for washing an automobile using a plurality of robots comprises a plurality of washing apparatus disposed in the proximity of robots for individually washing the robots. The robots operate in accordance with a program taught in advance and is automatically washed by the washing apparatus after a suitable interval of time.

Abstract: A liquid coating device for coating a solution on a substrate to form a film includes a chuck for rotatably supporting the substrate, a nozzle for supplying the solution on the substrate, a heater provided in the nozzle for changing a temperature of the solution, a sensor for measuring a temperature of an ambient atmosphere of the substrate, and a controller for controlling the heater according the measured temperature. Thus, a solution having a temperature corresponding to the temperature of the ambient atmosphere is supplied from the nozzle to the substrate.

Abstract: A high strength fibrid-floc sheet is made of a floc which can be carbon, aramid or glass. The fibrids are made from the following units: ##STR1## where n is 4 or 5; X is from 0.03 to 0.30 and Ar is a radical selected from 3,4'-oxydiphenylene, 4,4'-oxydiphenylene, 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenylene, 1,3-phenylene, 1-methyl-2,4-phenylene, and mixtures of such radicals with each other or mixtures of such radicals with up to 50 mol percent of 1,4-phenylene radicals based on the mixtures of radicals.

Abstract: The method and apparatus of the present invention permit the accurate sensing of the height of a solder nozzle above a circuit board during operation of the solder nozzle. A non-contact limit switch, which provides an indication of the presence of a planar surface at a preselected proximity, is mounted in a fixed relationship with a solder nozzle which is manipulatable by means of a robotic arm. A reference surface is provided which includes a proximity sensor, such as a through beam fiber optic switch. The proximity sensor is mounted a predetermined distance above the reference surface and is utilized to detect the solder nozzle as it is moved toward the reference surface.

Abstract: An aqueous solution of cesium hydroxide serves as a highly selective anisotropic etch for semiconductor crystals including silicon. The cesium hydroxide also has a high etch selectivity for tantalum with respect to semiconductor crystals.

Abstract: An apparatus for chemical treatment of lignocellulosic materials comprises two concentric compartments, the inner one is used for chemical reaction whereas the outer is used for generation of hot water or steam. The top and the bottom of the outer compartment is closed and connected to the inner one. These two are interconnected by two steam conduits. The inner compartment is also connected to a circulation pump and a heat exchanger. The bottom of this inner compartment is equipped with a quick-release valve which may be used to execute explosive discharge of the treated lignocellulosic material. On top of said apparatus is a cover which allows experiments to be performed under pressurized conditions. For experimentation, lignocellulosic material in form of chips (large particles) may be treated either with heated chemical solution or steam. Materials in form of fibers (fine particles) may be treated by means of vapor or by heat conduction furnished by the outer compartment.

Abstract: A doctor blade is made from an elongated strip of reinforced composite material which material forms fibrillated protrusions when cut. A plurality of cuts are made in the material which form recesses or tabs. The recesses are offset to increase the effective thickness of the strip so that it can be inserted longitudinally or transversely into a doctor blade holder. The fibrillated protrusions maintain the recesses in an offset position.

Abstract: A method is provided for dispensing viscous materials which first requires the step of providing a dispensing device for holding a quantity of a viscous material to be dispensed through a tip thereof. Next, the dispensing device is coupled to a dispensing control so that a metered amount of viscous material will be dispensed in response to a dispensing control signal. Next, the dispensing device is moved along an axis to selectively position the tip a predetermined distance away from the surface of a workpiece positioned adjacent thereto in response to an applied height control signal. The height control signal is generated by processing output signals from a camera which is moved along the axis with the dispensing device to determine when an image of the workpiece surface is maximally in focus.

Abstract: Apparatus for generating seeds includes a seed supply portion having a rotating drum with a small aperture for attracting a seed by vacuum created inside the drum and which is broken at a predetermined rotational position, and a gel-coating portion having a cylindrical cutting plunger disposed inside of a nozzle body for opening and closing a gel flow channel and forming a gel-coating layer. A curing vessel having a curing agent flow channel and a spray nozzle for washing the coated seeds are also provided.

Abstract: Protein analysis apparatus has porous sample supports enclosed in holes in a sample slide. Slides are delivered to hydrolysis and derivatizer stations by a rotating turret such that moveable heads at the stations form closed reaction chambers with the slides, sealing around the holes in the slides and enclosing the sample supports. Tubings connected to the heads deliver substances for reaction, derivatization and cleaning. Protein samples applied to sample supports at one position on the turret are delivered sequentially to hydrolysis and derivatizer stations, and operations are computer controlled. Derivatives are automatically delivered for chromatographic analysis, and supports are automatically cleaned with solvents and purge gas after derivatization and before return to a sample load position. Closed reaction chambers formed by the moveable heads can be heated and pressurized as required for processing.

Abstract: A glass deposition viscoelastic flow process for forming planar and semi-planar insulator structures on semiconductor devices, which comprises feeding vaporized reactants into a reaction chamber at a reaction temperature between 750.degree.-950.degree. C. and subjecting the surface of the semiconductor devices to a high reactant velocity. The high reactant velocity allows the formation of a high quality, uniform glass layer at temperatures compatible with the fusion temperature, so that deposition occurs simultaneously with the viscoelastic flow of the glass. The simultaneous deposition and flow provides for topographical planarization substantially free of voids and other layer inconsistencies.

Abstract: An improved method of making masks includes forming a layer of amorphous silicon of about 2,000 angstroms on a transparent substrate. A laser beam is directed through the transparent substrate traverses the amorphous silicon to form a pattern of crystallized silicon. The n-crystallized silicon is etched leaving a patterned substrate. The patterned substrate is used as a mask for exposing photoresist on semiconductor elements.

Abstract: A method for analyzing fluid by a multi-fluid modulation mode is characterized by subjecting a plurality of sample fluids (which may be different or a single sample fluid divided into a plurality of systems) to a fluid modulation by reference fluids at various frequencies, respectively. An analytical portion provided with only one sensor is simultaneously and continuously supplied with the respective sample fluids. An output signal from the sensor in the analytical portion is divided into signal components of the respective modulation frequencies for the respective sample fluids to rectify and level, whereby obtaining analyzed values about the respective sample fluids is achieved.

Abstract: A hot dip metal strip coating apparatus includes at least one roll submerged in a bath of molten coating metal for guiding the strip through the bath. The submerged rolls are mounted on the ends of support arms by bearings including a pair of substantially flat metal surfaces disposed in planes parallel to and spaced from the horizontal axis of the roll shaft, with the planes of the flat surfaces intersecting one another at an angle within the range of about 60.degree. to about 135.degree.. The flat bearing surfaces are oriented to contact the roll shaft tangentially, with the load in the strip and the flat bearing surfaces supporting the roll during coating and the bearing permitting the free flow of liquid metal between the bearing and shaft on each side of the tangential line of contact of each flat surface with the shaft.

Abstract: A dissolved oxygen measurement system includes real time monitoring and calibrating of a dissolved oxygen sensor. The sensor includes a pair of measuring electrodes, an electrolyte, and a pair of closely spaced electrolysis electrodes. The housing includes a permeable membrane and is immersed in the process solution. A computer is provided, programmed to perform dissolved oxygen concentration measurement, and continuous monitoring of the membrane impedance and sensor condition. A test electrode is disposed in the process solution adjacent the membrane and is driven by a low level pseudorandom binary signal from the computer producing a current through the membrane impedance which is monitored by the computer. Small pulses of direct current are passed between the electrolysis electrodes, producing small increases in oxygen.