Abstract: A method of injecting liquid crystal material, which is capable of efficiently injecting a liquid crystal material having a high viscosity at room temperature, such as smectic-phase liquid crystal material while maintaining a high throughput, a seal pattern that can be preferably used for the method, and an apparatus for injecting liquid crystal material.

Abstract: A projection display system comprising: a liquid crystal display panel comprising at least a pair of substrates; and a liquid crystal material disposed therebetween; and projection means comprising an off-axis incident light source.

Abstract: A bearing unit capable of withstanding a large axial force based on a simple structure including: a bearing 10 having an internal ring 13 fitted to an inside member 2, an outer ring 14 fitted to an outside member 6, lots of rolling elements 15 disposed between the outer ring 14 and the inner ring 13; and a transmitting direction shifting means A transmitting an axial force F from the inner ring 13 to the outside member 6 when the axial force F transmitted from the inside member 2 to the internal ring 13 exceeds a predetermined value or above, and a main spindle device of a machine tool, which is provided with the bearing unit, are provided.

Abstract: A liquid crystal filling system comprising: a slit coating system, and a controller for precisely controlling the thickness of a liquid crystal layer provided by the slit coating system.

Abstract: A method of driving a liquid crystal device that comprises at least a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal material disposed between the pair of substrates. A voltage increase rate to be attained during the duration of a voltage pulse applied to the liquid crystal device is changed in order to continuously control the quantity of light transmitted by the liquid crystal device, whereby shades are displayed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a machine tool capable of reducing residual vibration occurring at the location time, thereby achieving responsiveness to a recent demand for higher acceleration/deceleration speed. The machine tool is configured such that a column 3 is fixed on a bed 2, a spindle head 6 for supporting a spindle 7 is disposed on a front face 3b? of the column 3 to be movable in a Z-axis direction, and a pair of right and left Z-axis ball screws (spindle drive shafts) 22 for driving the vicinity of the gravity center of the spindle head 6 is disposed on the front face 3b? of the column 3 to be symmetrical to each other with respect to a plane that includes an axis C of the spindle head 6 and is parallel to a Y axis, thereby driving the vicinity of the gravity center of the spindle head 6.

Abstract: A spindle device of a machine tool such as a milling machine and a machining center and a method of replacing a spindle, the spindle device wherein the housing of a spindle head (5) is divided into a front housing (23) and a rear housing (25), a spindle (7) is installed in the front housing (23) through front bearings (9), and a built-in motor rotor (43), a bearing case (33) through rear bearings (11), and a draw bar (51) for clamping a tool are installed on and in the spindle (7) to form a front housing unit (93); the method comprising the step of replacing the spindle (7) and the bearings by replacing the front housing unit (93), whereby, when the spindle device comes out of order, the spindle and bearings can be easily replaced in a short time and the stop time of the machine tool can be minimized at a site where the machine tool is used.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device, comprising, at least a pair of substrates; and a liquid crystal material composition disposed between the pair of substrates. The liquid crystal material composition comprises, at least, a Smectic phase liquid crystal material, and a molecular alignment-enhancing agent. The Smectic phase liquid crystal material has a molecular long axis or n-director having a tilt angle to its layer normal as a bulk material, and the molecular long axis of the Smectic phase liquid crystal material aligns parallel to the pre-setting alignment direction, resulting in its long axis layer normal. The molecular alignment-enhancing agent has a molecular axis or n-director having no tilt angle to its layer normal as a bulk material, and the molecular alignment-enhancing agent has a double bond structure in its molecule.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device comprising: at least a pair of substrates; and a Smectic phase liquid crystal material disposed between the pair of substrate. The molecular long axis or n-director of the Smectic phase liquid crystal material has a tilt angle to its layer normal as a bulk material, and the molecular long axis of the Smectic phase liquid crystal material aligns parallel to the pre-setting alignment direction, resulting in its long axis layer normal.

Abstract: A transflective-type liquid crystal display device, comprising, at least, a pair of substrates, and a liquid crystal material disposed between the pair of substrates. The liquid crystal material is a polarization-shielded smectic liquid crystal material capable of providing a tunable birefringence system wherein the magnitude of anisotropy of the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer can be regulated by the intensity of an applied electric field.