Abstract: A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel including preparing a first substrate member by forming a first conductive layer serving as a first electrode on a first substrate having an insulating surface; forming a first non-single-crystal semiconductor layer laminate layer on the first substrate member where the forming of the first non-single-crystal semiconductor laminate member includes forming at least a first non-single-crystal semiconductor of P (or N) type on the substrate, forming an i-type second non-single-crystal semiconductor layer on the first non-single-crystal semiconduictor layer, the i-type layer containing an additive selected from the group consisting of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, boron, and mixtures thereof, and forming a third non-single-crystal semiconductor layer of P (or N) type on the i-type second non-single-crystal semiconductor layer; forming a second conductive layer serving as a second electrode in a pattern on the first non-single-crystal semiconductor layer laminat

Abstract: An apparatus for stabilizing turbine generator shaft torsional oscillations including: a current detector for detecting ac current of a turbine generator used in combination with a dc power-transmission system, a filter to which an output of said current detector is delivered, the filter comprising a first bandpass filter for detecting a sub synchronous component (f.sub.l -f.sub.m) and a second bandpass filter for detecting a super synchronous component (f.sub.l +f.sub.m) where a fundamental freuency of the generator is represented by f.sub.l and a natural frequency of the mechanical shaft system of the generator is represented by f.sub.m, a calculation circuit for applying conversion of at least one of d and q axis to respective outputs from the first and second bandpass filters using a generator phase .theta..sub.G to take out at least one of .DELTA.i.sub.d and .DELTA.i.sub.

Abstract: A ferroelectric liquid crystal display having a matrix of ferroelectric liquid crystal elements and nonlinear elements having a diode characteristic in which the liquid crystal elements are connected in series with the nonlinear elements. The first substrate member comprises (a) a transparent first substrate having an insulating surface, (b) a plurality of m.times.n (m>1, n>1) of rectangular transparent conductive layers C.sub.11 to C.sub.1n, C.sub.21 to C.sub.2n, . . . C.sub.m1 to C.sub.mn arranged on the substrate in a matrix form on the first substrate, (c) a layer member A.sub.ij formed on the conductive layer C.sub.ij (where i=1, 2 . . . m and j=1, 2 . . . n) and (d) a stripe-like conductive layer F.sub.i extending in the row direction and making contact with layer member A.sub.i1 to A.sub.in on the side opposite from the conductive layer C.sub.i1 to C.sub.in, wherein the opposing side surfaces a and a' of the layer member A.sub.

Abstract: An improved liquid crystal filling device is shown. Prior to joining a substrate with another substrate between which the liquid crystal is to be charged, the liquid crystal is dropped on the substrate and then the other substrate is superimposed on the substrate under pressure. Sandwiched between the substrates, the liquid crystal spreads at high temperature.

Abstract: A generation control apparatus for vehicles comprises a voltage regulator circuit for controlling the generation of power by a vehicle generator. The power is supplied to the voltage regulator circuit through a first circuit including an ignition switch and a second circuit not including the ignition switch. The supply of power through the second circuit is dependent upon the generating condition of the generator thus allowing the control of the power generation by means of the current flowing through a charge indicator even if the detection of the power generation is prevented. In this way, even if a fault such as a break occurs in the first circuit, the generating operation is maintained until the engine is turned off and the generator has stopped.

Abstract: A power generation control system for a vehicle generator comprises a generator including an armature coil, an exciting coil and a rectifier for rectifying the AC output of the armature coil, a battery, and a voltage control device for controlling the activation of the generator in accordance with the terminal voltage of the battery. This power generation control system further comprises an abnormal voltage detector circuit for detecting the voltage generated across the armature coil and cutting off the current flowing in the exciting coil when said voltage exceeds a predetermined value. The abnormal voltage detector circuit has the function to hold this forcible stoppage of power generation.

Abstract: A generation control apparatus for vehicle generator normally controls the energization of the vehicle generator in response to a terminal voltage of a battery which is charged by the generator through a rectifier. The generation control apparatus includes a fault detection circuit to detect an abnormal condition of the terminal voltage of the battery or the output voltage of the generator, and if the abnormal condition is detected, a changeover circuit effects the control of the energization in accordance with the output voltage of the generator instead of the battery terminal voltage.

Abstract: A power source system, which comprises a converter for converting AC power on an AC bus into DC power, a damped filter connected between the AC bus and ground and including a capacitor and an inductor, a diode-rectifying circuit for taking out and rectifying fundamental and harmonic waves produced across the inductor in the damped filter and a circuit for connecting a DC output circuit in the diode-rectifying circuit in series with a DC output circuit in said converter, and in which the rectified output is regeneratively added to the output of the converter.

Abstract: A semi-conductor voltage regulation system for a vehicle alternator has a timed signal generating circuit initiated by the engine starter signal. The field exciting current of the alternator is first supplied for a predetermined period after the engine has been started until the alternator is excited to start generation. When the alternator is fully excited, the regulation system operates in the well known manner.

Abstract: In a voltage control apparatus for an electric generator (1) for vehicles including an armature winding (3), an exciting coil (4), a rectifier (2) for rectifying an a.c. output from the armature winding, and a voltage regulator (5), the voltage regulator comprises a differential amplifier circuit (26) producing a detected voltage corresponding to a difference between a battery charging voltage and a reference voltage, a comparator circuit (30) comparing the detected voltage with a triangular waveform voltage generated at constant periods and producing a pulsed output voltage, a first driver circuit (51) effecting duty-factor-control of an exciting current flowing through the exciting coil in response to the pulsed output voltage, and an initial excitation circuit (32) for causing a predetermined small initial exciting current to flow through the exciting coil intermittently during a time interval after the start of the electric generator.

Abstract: A semi-conductor voltage regulation system for a vehicle includes engine rise-up detection circuit and an oscillator circuit. The field exciting current is intermittently supplied by the oscillator circuit before the engine starts and continuously supplied after the engine has started so as to minimize battery discharge.

Abstract: A generator operation indicating apparatus for vehicle generators having a protective circuit against abnormal voltage, includes a drive circuit for turning an indicating device on from the time of closing of a key switch until the time that a vehicle generator attains a predetermined operating condition to indicate the generator operation and a control circuit for forcibly rendering the drive circuit inoperative in response to the occurrence of an abnormal voltage between the indicating device and the drive circuit. When the generator attains the predetermined operating condition, the indicating device is turned off and the supply of current to a load circuit is started. In this case, the drive circuit is also forced to come out of operation upon occurrance of an abnormal supply voltage.

Abstract: When an engine key switch of a vehicle is closed, a rotor coil of a three-phase a.c. alternator adapted to charge a vehicle-mounted battery is excited by a first controlling circuit. Even with the closure of the engine key switch, the exciting current is restricted to a predetermined value by a second controlling circuit before the alternator has reached a predetermined operating state. The operating state of the alternator is monitored by detecting a voltage at the neutral point of a stator coil connected in star of the alternator.

Abstract: A semi-conductor voltage regulation system for a vehicle includes engine rise-up detection circuit and an oscillator circuit. The field exciting current is intermittently supplied by the oscillator circuit before the engine starts and continuously supplied after the engine has started so as to minimize battery discharge. The engine rise-up detection circuit changes its input impedance in accordance with the voltage applied thereto, whereby a highly reliable regulator with less heat generation may be obtained.