Abstract: A unique, universal file code created for a file being created or saved for the first time has core elements that include an original device identifier; an original product identifier unique to a software product used to create or save the file; an original operating system identifier unique to an operating system used to create or save the file; an original user identifier unique to a user creating or saving the file; a checksum computed from a totality of a data content of the file; and a name of a checksum algorithm used to compute the checksum. The universal file code is added to file metadata or attributes for the new file and saved with the new file. Embodiments determine whether files are identical, related or not identical or related by comparing elements of their universal file codes.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a videoconferencing endpoint may be an MCU (Multipoint Control Unit) or may include embedded MCU functionality. In various embodiments, the endpoint may thus conduct a videoconference by receiving/compositing video and audio from multiple videoconference endpoints. The endpoint may select a subset of endpoints and form a composite video image from the subset of the videoconference endpoints to send to the other videoconference endpoints. In some embodiments, the subset of endpoints that are selected for compositing into the composite video image may be selected according to criteria such as the last N talking participants. In some embodiments, the master endpoint may request the non-talker endpoints to stop sending video to help conserve the resources on the master endpoint. In some embodiments, the master endpoint may ignore video from endpoints that are not being displayed.

Abstract: A method is presented for generating a list of frequently used words for an email application on a server computer. When a request is received for a word frequency list for emails stored in a user's mailbox, a word frequency list is returned if one exists. If the word frequency list does not exist, an asynchronous process is started on the server computer to generate a word frequency list. If the word frequency list exists but it is older than an aging limit, an asynchronous process is started on the server computer to regenerate the word frequency list. The word frequency list is stored in the user's mailbox along with a timestamp indicating the date and time that the list was created or updated.

Abstract: A molded plastic seat back assembly for a vehicle including at least two polymeric vertical support members including a top portion, a center portion, and a lower portion, wherein at least a portion of the polymeric vertical support members have a alternating wall section portion including a front wall section, a connective middle wall section and a back wall section; at least one cross-seat member connectively disposed between the polymeric vertical support members; at least one recliner bracket connectively disposed to the lower portion of the polymeric vertical support members for anchoring the molded plastic seat back assembly to a seat back recliner assembly; and at least one strap reinforcement member.

Abstract: Discarded memory devices unfit for an original purpose can be reclaimed for reuse for another purpose. The discarded memory devices are tested and evaluated to determine the level of performance degradation therein. A set of an alternate usage and an information encoding scheme to facilitate a reuse of the tested memory device is identified based on the evaluation of the discarded memory device. A memory chip controller may be configured to facilitate usage of reclaimed memory devices by enabling a plurality of encoding schemes therein. Further, a memory device can be configured to facilitate diagnosis of the functionality, and to facilitate usage as a discarded memory unit. Waste due to discarded memory devices can be thereby reduced.

Abstract: The invention relates to an operational state determination apparatus (1) for determining whether a variation in a determined electrical parameter of an electrical network (2) is caused by a variation in an operational state of an electrical consumer of the electrical network. The electrical network comprises multiple electrical consumers (3, 4, 5) and a voltage source (6), wherein a variation classification unit (10) determines whether a variation in the determined electrical parameter of the electrical network is caused by a variation in the operational state of an electrical consumer of the network depending on a decision variable which depends on a variation in a measured voltage and a variation in a measured current of the electrical network. This determination can be performed, without directly using the variation in the determined electrical parameter of the electrical network and is therefore less influenced by random voltage fluctuations in the electrical network.

Abstract: The present invention provides techniques for use in measuring effects of social sharing, and social sharing user characteristics, on advertisement effectiveness. Measurement information can be used in many ways, such as in optimizing advertisement campaigns and advertisement targeting. Techniques are provided in which bucket testing experiments are utilized. Advertisement performance may be tracked, including downstream advertisement performance, which may follow social sharing, in measuring differences in advertisement performance between content sharing users and content non-sharing users. Techniques are provided in which user social graph information may be used in determining downstream advertisement performance, even without information regarding specific sharing instances.

Abstract: A catalyst system includes a first catalytic composition and a second catalytic composition. The first catalytic composition includes a homogeneous solid mixture, which includes a first catalytic material disposed on a first substrate. The pores of the solid mixture have an average diameter of greater than about 45 nanometers. The second catalytic composition includes at least one of a zeolite or a second catalytic material disposed on a second substrate. The second catalytic material includes an element selected from the group that includes tungsten, titanium, and vanadium.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention comprises a method comprising the steps of: (a) specifying a reference entity which is an obligor with respect to preferred securities; (b) defining a credit event to include deferral of dividend or coupon on the preferred securities; (c) specifying a payoff to include the preferred securities, the payoff to be made following the credit event; (d) specifying a premium; (e) executing an agreement with a protection buyer, wherein the agreement comprises terms based on the reference entity, the credit event, and the payoff, and wherein the protection buyer agrees to pay the premium in return for a promise to provide the payoff to the protection buyer upon occurrence of the credit event; and (f) receiving the premium from the protection buyer.

Abstract: Described herein are various technologies pertaining to estimating affective states of a user by way of monitoring data streams output by sensors and user activity on a computing device. Models of valence, arousal, and engagement can be learned during a training phase, and such models can be employed to compute values that are indicative of valence, arousal, and engagement of a user in near-real time. A visualization that represents estimated affective states of a user over time is generated to facilitate user reflection.

Abstract: A virtual currency based online social wagering system and method, based on at least one wagering networks server. The system can handle wagers initiated by multiple users using commonly available computerized devices such as Smartphones. The system avoids legal problems through the use of virtual currency rather than money (which makes the interactions wager-like events, rather than actual wagers), and facilitates interactions between friends by drawing upon social networks for much of the interactions. The system is also designed to make friendly social interactions such as banter, “trash talk”, or “swagger” a key part of the wagering experience. Various internal controls insure that the virtual funds are managed correctly.

Abstract: Asymmetric bifunctional silyl (ABS) monomers comprising covalently linked pharmaceutical, chemical and biological agents are described. These agents can also be covalently bound via the silyl group to delivery vehicles for delivering the agents to desired targets or areas. Also described are delivery vehicles which contain ABS monomers comprising covalently linked agents and to vehicles that are covalently linked to the ABS monomers. The silyl modifications described herein can modify properties of the agents and vehicles, thereby providing desired solubility, stability, hydrophobicity and targeting.

Abstract: Determining a buffer size in a videoconference. In some embodiments, one or more of various different error correction methods may be used in a videoconference. For example, forward error correction (FEC) may be used and/or retransmission of lost packets (ReTxLP) may be used, e.g., based on a packet loss threshold. Where FEC is used, a buffer size of a receiving videoconferencing device may be determined based on the FEC rate. Where ReTxLP is used, a buffer size of the receiving videoconferencing device may be determined based on a retransmission latency.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media are provided. One example method includes receiving a textual input that forms a part of a user request, the textual input in the form of a prefix that when complete constitutes the request. The method further includes identifying completions based on the prefix, determining one or more content items associated with each completion, computing initial scores including a score for each content item-completion pair including determining a likelihood that a given completion represents the request and a quality of the content item as compared to the completion, computing final scores including scores for each prefix-content item pair using the initial scores, computing a bid for each content item, running an auction to select a content item based on the bids and final scores, and identifying display data associated with the selected content item.

Abstract: Systems and methods for authenticating a request submitted from a client device through a third party content provider to an electronic entity are described. In one embodiment, a method includes providing a trusted script to the third party content provider, passing a trust token to the third party content provider and to the client device, and, in response to a request submitted from the client device through the third party content provider, validating the trust token associated with the request with the token passed to the client device, and processing the request. The trusted script is configured to create a trusted window on the third party Web page displayed on the client computing device, receive a trust token from the electronic entity through the trusted window, and associate the trust token with requests submitted from the client computing device through the third party content provider to the electronic entity.

Abstract: Passcodes may be managed for an account that is associated with multiple mobile devices. A list of mobile devices, associated with the account, may be provided to a user, where the account may be associated with a verification passcode that is used to verify purchases. The user may select a set of mobile devices from the list, and the selected set of mobile devices may be enabled to make purchases that are charged to the account. A request may be received, from one of the mobile devices, to make a purchase, and a passcode may be received from the one of the mobile devices. The request for the purchase may be permitted when the passcode matches the verification passcode.

Abstract: Crisp bread snack food products based on traditional bread recipes from around the world and a method for producing the products on a commercial processing line. The crisp bread snack food products are shelf-stable and have flavors substantially similar to the traditional breads.

Abstract: Expandable sealing means for endoluminal devices have been developed for controlled activation. The devices have the benefits of a low profile mechanism (for both self-expanding and balloon-expanding prostheses), contained, not open, release of the material, active conformation to the “leak sites” such that leakage areas are filled without disrupting the physical and functional integrity of the prosthesis, and on-demand, controlled activation, that may not be pressure activated.

Abstract: Technology is disclosed herein that provides for modifying a circuit design to reduce the potential occurrence of single event upset errors during operation of a device manufactured from the synthesized design. After a circuit design has been synthesized to a particular abstraction level, a static timing analysis procedure is run on the design. The slack values for paths within the design are determined based upon the static timing analysis procedure. Subsequently, delays are added to selected paths within the design based upon the slack values.

Abstract: Adaptive endurance coding including a method for accessing memory that includes retrieving a codeword from a memory address. The codeword is multiplied by a metadata matrix to recover metadata for the codeword. The metadata includes a data location specification. The data in the codeword is identified in response to the metadata and the data is output as read data.