Abstract: A mechanical-laser structure on a printed circuit board and a carrier. A method for fabricating the mechanical-laser structure includes the following steps. A substrate is provided. A first through hole is formed in the substrate by mechanical drilling An epoxy plug is formed within the first through hole. A conductive layer is formed on the substrate by compression. The conductive layer is patterned to form conducting wires and exposes the epoxy plug. A micro via is formed within the epoxy plug by laser drilling.

Abstract: A method for forming package board for carrying a low pin count IC chip. A hard resin substrate board is provided. Through vias are formed in locations where ball grid pads are needed. A conductive layer that also covers the vias is attached to the surface of the board using a glue material. The conductive layer is patterned to form a conductive line layer. Ball grid pad regions on the conductive line layer are located above the vias. A soldering mask that covers a portion of the conductive line layer but exposes a plurality of bonding pad regions above the conductive line layer is formed. An electroplated layer is formed over the bonding pad regions.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a solder mask. A substrate having wires is provided, and bonding pads are positioned on the wires for coupling with other devices. A first solder resist layer is formed over the substrate to cover the wires and the substrate. A precure process is performed. A portion of the first solder resist layer is removed to expose the wires, and then the residual first solder resist layer is cured. A second solder resist layer is formed to cover the residual first solder resist layer and the wires. After precuring, a portion of the second solder resist layer is removed to expose the bonding pads.

Abstract: A printed circuit board thermal conductive structure comprises a thermal spreader layer having an embossed pattern formed on its surface, an adhesive glue layer formed over the thermal spreader, and a surface metallic layer attached to the thermal spreader and the glue layer. A portion of the surface metallic layer is in direct contact or almost direct contact with the thermal spreader. Furthermore, an additional external heat sink can be attached to thermal conductive structure to increase the efficiency of heat dissipation.

Abstract: A thermal vias-provided cavity-down IC package structure of the invention is provided. The thermal vias-provided cavity-down IC package structure includes a substrate, a heat sink and an adhesive layer for attaching the substrate to the heat sink. The substrate is formed of multiple layers of printed circuit boards which are attached to each other, and have a cavity formed at the center thereof. A plurality of thermal vias is formed surrounding the substrate. The head sink is divided into a chip mount area and a thermal via joint area. The chip mount area is used for a chip mount pad to be disposed thereon, wherein a chip is connected to the heat sink through the chip mount pad. The thermal via area is electrically coupled to the thermal vias thereby to form an approximate short path or a short path. Thus, heat energy is transferred not only by the heat sink directly, but also from the heat sink to the substrate through the thermal vias.

Abstract: A system and method to determine an in-situ stress field based on borehole acoustic monopole and cross-dipole measurements. A radially polarized monopole shear-wave is generated in a borehole. It is then determined whether the shear-wave has split into two shear-waves. If it has, the difference in velocities between the two split shear-waves is used to determine the stress induced anisotropy around and near the borehole. The difference in velocities of cross-dipole shear-waves and the direction of the fast shear-wave are measured and used to determine the magnitude of the maximum shear stress and the maximum stress orientation of the geologic formation. Furthermore, a method of determining the stress-velocity coupling coefficients from laboratory measurements as well as through field measurement calibration is disclosed. The effect of borehole pressure on the field measurement calibration method of determining the stress-velocity coupling coefficients is taken into account.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a power supply for providing power from an external power source to a portable electronic device. The portable power supply system includes electronic circuits including an AC-to-DC converter for converting the power from the external power source for the portable electronic device. The portable power supply system further includes a printed circuit board for supporting the electronic circuits thereon. The portable power supply system further includes an inner enclosure for enclosing and protecting the electronic circuits supported on the printed circuit board wherein the inner enclosure composed of heat conductive materials. The portable power supply system further includes an external container for containing and protecting the portable power supply system wherein the external container further includes a plurality of air vents for allowing heat dissipation therefrom.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a thermal conductive structure on a printed circuit board comprises the steps of forming a thermal conductive layer having an embossed pattern on its surface, and then forming an adhesive glue layer over the thermal conductive layer. Next, a surface metallic layer is attached to the thermal conductive layer and the glue layer, wherein a portion of the surface metallic layer corresponding to the embossed portion of the heat spreader is in direct contact or almost direct contact with the thermal conductive layer. Furthermore, an additional external heat sink can be attached to thermal conductive structure for increasing the efficiency of heat dissipation.

Abstract: A cascoded differential amplifier with a circuit for the injection of current to enhance the gain is described. The differential amplifier includes a differential pair of n-MOS FET's connected to a current source an a positive and a negative input terminal. A pair of isolation n-MOS FET's are inserted between the differential pair and a pair of current source loads. These isolate the current source loads from the differential pair. A current injector is connected to the drains of the n-MOS FET's of the differential pair. The isolation n-MOS FET's and the injected currents enhance the gain of the differential amplifier. A level translation circuit adjusts the output levels of the differential pair to levels required by circuitry attached to the output terminals of the level translation circuitry.

Abstract: A method for determining the permeability of earth formations penetrated by a wellbore from acoustic signals measured by an acoustic wellbore logging instrument. The method includes separating components from the measured acoustic signals which represent Stoneley waves propagating through the earth formations. Signals representing Stoneley waves propagating through the same earth formations are synthesized. The separated acoustic signal components and the synthesized Stoneley wave signals are compared. The permeability is determined from differences between the synthesized Stoneley wave signals and the separated acoustic signal components. In a preferred embodiment, the step of calculating the permeability includes inversion processing a wave center frequency shift and a wave travel time delay with respect to the permeability of the earth formations.

Abstract: A system and method is capable of providing a much more effective enterprise-wide decision support system. It consists of an integrated end-to-end solution including automatic generation of data warehouses or data marts integrated with automatic delivery of information from the data warehouses or data marts to knowledge workers throughout the enterprise using a "publish and subscribe" paradigm for dissemination of the information at any time, to any places, in any formats to any number of knowledge workers. This integration allows information in the data warehouses or data marts to be delivered immediately after every refresh of the data warehouses or data marts thereby allowing maximum utilization of the valuable information in the data warehouses or data marts throughout the enterprise to gain the most optimum decision support.

Abstract: An end user query technology is taught which is capable of automatically understanding the database model and guiding the user to scout for the desired information, thereby increasing productivity and ease of information access. The user is freed from the need to understanding the database model, with the end user query facility of this invention quickly guiding the user to acquire the information. This is made possible by the end user query facility of this invention first recapturing the application semantics from the existing database model to provide a set of derived semantics. The derived semantics are then used by the end user query facility to intelligently guide the user to scout for the desired information in the database. In addition, the derived semantics can be easily updated by the end user query facility when the database model is changed.

Abstract: An iontophoresis device comprising a drug reservoir containing the drug in ionic form and in communication with the skin, a skin permeation enhancing agent contained in the reservoir or in a second reservoir also in communication with the skin, an electrode in contact with the drug, another electrode in contact with the skin, a D.C. power source connected to the electrodes and an electrically sensitive membrane interposed between the reservoir and the skin that is impermeable to drug in the absence of a voltage difference between the electrodes and permeable to the drug in the presence of a voltage difference. The skin permeation enhancing agent eliminates the skin as a rate-controlling element, thus making the rate of drug administration dependent upon the membrane permeability, which in turn is controlled electrically.

Abstract: A machine and method for manufacturing "fuzz button" type button connectors. The machine has a mechanism for supplying wire and a mechanism for knurling the same wire. The machine also includes a mechanism for wrapping the wire around two temporarily fixed points and a mechanism for spinning one of the two fixed points. After wrapping and spinning, the wire is cut at both end portions and ejected.

Abstract: An insulating tubeless transformer, by using special winding tubings to achieve the safety requirement and automatic winding without using insulating tubes or other insulation materials, has the advantages of saving material, space reduction and automatic winding.

Abstract: A storage unit divided into a plurality of stations, is rotatable about a vertical axis to allow any given station to be turned to a position where the articles at that station can be retrieved. A control circuit is provided to allow an operator to select a station, provide an input indicative of that selection, and have the unit rotate through the shortest distance to provide access to the selected station.