Abstract: An adaptive grid generating method includes obtaining a first three-dimensional grid of a target structure; importing the first three-dimensional grid into a computer-aided engineering software to obtain a first two-dimensional planar grid; importing the first two-dimensional planar grid into a grid cleaning software to obtain a second two-dimensional planar grid; and importing the second two-dimensional planar grid into the computer-aided engineering software to obtain a second three-dimensional grid.

Abstract: An electronic system including an image sensor, a face detection engine, an eye detection engine and an eye protection engine is provided. The image sensor captures an image. The face detection engine recognizes a user face in the image. The eye detection engine recognizes user eyes in the image. The eye protection engine turns off a display device when the user eyes are recognized in the image but the user face is not recognized in the image.

Abstract: A method includes forming a gate stack on a first portion of a semiconductor substrate, removing a second portion of the semiconductor substrate on a side of the gate stack to form a recess, growing a semiconductor region starting from the recess, implanting the semiconductor region with an impurity, and performing a melt anneal on the semiconductor region. At least a portion of the semiconductor region is molten during the melt anneal.

Abstract: A wearable device and a method for performing a registration process in the wearable device are provided. The wearable device includes a light source, a light sensor and a microcontroller that performs the method. In the method, the light source is activated to emit a detection light and the light sensor senses a reflected light. A light intensity of the reflected light is calculated. Specifically, an upper limit and a lower limit are referred to for detecting whether the wearable device is properly worn by a person. For example, since the wearable device can be worn on the person's wrist, the registration value is used to detect whether the wearable device is away from the wrist.

Abstract: A button mechanism includes a button, a module, and a thin sheet spring. The thin sheet spring is in physical communication with the button and with the module. The thin sheet spring exerts a tension force on the button and the module to bias the button toward a normal position. In response to a force greater than the tension force being exerted on the button, a portion of the thin sheet stretches to enable the button to be placed in a contact position. In response to the force being removed from the button, the tension force causes the thin sheet to snap back to an original position and biases the button toward the normal position.

Abstract: A display panel and a display device are provided. The display panel includes a first color sub-pixels and a second color sub-pixel. The first color sub-pixel includes a first effective light emitting region, the second color sub-pixel includes a second effective light emitting region, an area of the second effective light emitting region is smaller than that of the first effective light emitting region. The first color sub-pixel includes a first color light emitting layer, the second color sub-pixel includes a second color light emitting layer, an area ratio between orthographic projections of the first color light emitting layer and the first effective light emitting region on the base substrate is less than an area ratio between orthographic projections of the second color light emitting layer and the second effective light emitting region on the base substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a semiconductor structure with a dielectric liner. The semiconductor structure includes a substrate and a fin structure on the substrate. The fin structure includes a stacked fin structure, a fin bottom portion below the stacked fin structure, and an isolation layer between the stacked fin structure and the bottom fin portion. The semiconductor structure further includes a dielectric liner in contact with an end of the stacked fin structure and a spacer structure in contact with the dielectric liner.

Abstract: A transmission interface between at least a first module and a second module is proposed. The transmission interface includes at least two physical transmission mediums. Each physical transmission medium is arranged to carry a multiplexed signal in which at least two signals are integrated. The at least two physical transmission mediums include a first physical transmission medium arranged to carry a first multiplexed signal including a first IF signal and a reference clock signal. The first IF signal and the reference clock signal are at different frequencies.

Abstract: A method includes forming a test pattern and a reference pattern in an absorption layer of a photomask structure. The test pattern has a first trench and a second trench, the reference pattern has a third trench and a fourth trench, the test pattern and the reference pattern have substantially the same dimension in a top view, and the second trench is deeper than the first trench, the third trench, and the fourth trench. The method further includes emitting a light beam to the test pattern to obtain a first interference pattern reflected from the test pattern, emitting the light beam to the reference pattern to obtain a second interference pattern reflected from the reference pattern; and comparing the first interference pattern with the second interference pattern to obtain a measured complex refractive index of the absorption layer.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices are described herein for pre-setting scan flip-flops using combinational logic circuits. A system includes a plurality of flip-flop devices and a first pre-setting combinational logic circuit. The plurality of flip-flop devices are coupled together in series and configured to receive a scan input signal, capture data output from each flip-flop device of the plurality of flip-flop devices based on the scan input signal, and generate a scan output signal comprising the captured data. The first pre-setting combinational logic circuit is coupled to a first flip-flop device of the plurality of flip-flop devices. The first pre-setting combinational logic circuit includes a plurality of transistors and is configured to override and set either the scan input signal to the first flip-flop device or the scan output signal of the first flip-flop device based on selective operation of the plurality of transistors.

Abstract: A plasma-assisted annealing system includes a high temperature furnace, a plasma-induced dissociator and a connecting duct. The plasma-induced dissociator is provided to dissociate a working gas and exhaust the dissociated working gas from its working gas outlet. Both ends of the connecting duct are connected to the working gas outlet of the plasma-induced dissociator and a gas inlet of the high temperature furnace, respectively. The working gas dissociated in the plasma-induced dissociator is introduced into the high temperature furnace via the connecting duct.

Abstract: Methods and systems for training a language model include retrieving a knowledge sentence, related to an input sentence, from a knowledge base. The input sentence, the knowledge sentence, and a prompt are encoded into an intermediate representation. The intermediate representation is decoded to generate a named entity from the input sentence that is of a type specified by the prompt. A language model is fine-tuned based on the named entity.

Abstract: There is provided a smoke detector including a first light source, a second light source surface, a light sensor and a processor. The light sensor receives reflected light when the first light source and the second light source emit light, and generates a first detection signal corresponding to light emission of the first light source and a second detection signal corresponding to light emission of the second light source. The processor distinguishes smoke and floating particles according to a similarity between the first detection signal and the second detection signal.

Abstract: A method includes forming a pad layer. The pad layer includes a first portion over a first part of a semiconductor substrate, and a second portion over a second part of the semiconductor substrate. The first portion has a first thickness, and the second portion has a second thickness smaller than the first thickness. The semiconductor substrate is then annealed to form a first oxide layer over the first part of the semiconductor substrate, and a second oxide layer over the second part of the semiconductor substrate. The pad layer, the first oxide layer, and the second oxide layer are removed. A semiconductor layer is epitaxially grown over and contacting the first part and the second part of the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing an auto-crosslinked hyaluronic acid gel, comprising conducting auto-crosslinking reaction of a colloid containing hyaluronic acid continuously at low temperature in an acidic environment, and treating the reaction product with steam at high temperature to obtain the auto-crosslinked hyaluronic acid gel with high viscosity.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a vacuum chamber, a reflective optical element arranged in the vacuum chamber and configured to reflect an extreme ultra-violet (EUV) light, and a cleaning module positioned in the vacuum chamber. the cleaning module is operable to provide a mitigation gas flowing towards the reflective optical element and provide a hydrogen-containing gas flowing towards the reflective optical element. The mitigation gas mitigates, by chemical reaction, contamination of the reflective optical element.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an optical element driving mechanism, which includes a movable part, a fixed assembly, and a driving assembly. The movable part is configured to be connected to an optical element. The movable part is movable relative to the fixed assembly. The driving assembly is configured to drive the movable part to move relative to the fixed assembly. The movable part includes a connecting assembly configured to position the optical element.

Abstract: A package structure including a redistribution circuit structure, a wiring substrate, first conductive terminals, an insulating encapsulation, and a semiconductor device is provided. The redistribution circuit structure includes stacked dielectric layers, redistribution wirings and first conductive pads. The first conductive pads are disposed on a surface of an outermost dielectric layer among the stacked dielectric layers, the first conductive pads are electrically connected to outermost redistribution pads among the redistribution wirings by via openings of the outermost dielectric layer, and a first lateral dimension of the via openings is greater than a half of a second lateral dimension of the outermost redistribution pads. The wiring substrate includes second conductive pads. The first conductive terminals are disposed between the first conductive pads and the second conductive pads. The insulating encapsulation is disposed on the surface of the redistribution circuit structure.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing an attenuated phase shift mask, a photo resist pattern is formed over a mask blank. The mask blank includes a transparent substrate, an etch stop layer on the transparent substrate, a phase shift material layer on the etch stop layer, a hard mask layer on the phase shift material layer and an intermediate layer on the hard mask layer. The intermediate layer is patterned by using the photo resist pattern as an etching mask, the hard mask layer is patterned by using the patterned intermediate layer as an etching mask, and the phase shift material layer is patterned by using the patterned hard mask layer as an etching mask. The intermediate layer includes at least one of a transition metal, a transition metal alloy, or a silicon containing material, and the hard mask layer is made of a different material than the intermediate layer.