Abstract: Solid-state lithium ion electrolytes of lithium potassium tantalate based compounds are provided which contain an anionic framework capable of conducting lithium ions. An activation energy of the lithium metal silicate composites is from 0.12 to 0.45 eV and conductivities are from 10?3 to 40 mS/cm at 300K. Compounds of specific formulae are provided and methods to alter the materials with inclusion of aliovalent ions shown. Lithium batteries containing the composite lithium ion electrolytes are also provided. Electrodes containing the lithium potassium tantalate based materials and batteries with such electrodes are also provided.

Abstract: Solid-state lithium ion electrolytes of lithium potassium element oxide based compounds are provided which contain an anionic framework capable of conducting lithium ions. The element atoms are Ir, Sb, I Nb and W. An activation energy of the lithium potassium element oxide compounds is from 0.15 to 0.50 eV and conductivities are from 10?3 to 22 mS/cm at 300K. Compounds of specific formulae are provided and methods to alter the materials with inclusion of aliovalent ions shown. Lithium batteries containing the composite lithium ion electrolytes are also provided. Electrodes containing the lithium potassium element oxide based materials and batteries with such electrodes are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are next-generation multi-mutated capsid protein-modified rAAV expression vectors, as well as infectious virions, compositions, and pharmaceutical formulations that include them. Also disclosed are methods of preparing and using these high transduction efficiency vector constructs in a variety of therapeutic applications including, inter alia, as delivery agents for the treatment or amelioration of one or more diseases or abnormal conditions in an affected mammal using in vivo and/or ex situ viral vector-based gene therapy protocols. Also disclosed are large-scale production methods for the multi-mutated, capsid-modified rAAV expression vectors, viral particles, and infectious virions, as well as use of the disclosed compositions in the manufacture of medicaments for use in a variety of in vitro and/or in vivo therapeutic methodologies.

Abstract: Solid-state lithium ion electrolytes of lithium silicate based composites are provided which contain an anionic framework capable of conducting lithium ions. Composites of specific formulae are provided and methods to alter the composite materials with inclusion of aliovalent ions shown. Lithium batteries containing the composite lithium ion electrolytes are also provided. Electrodes containing the lithium metal sulfide based materials and batteries with such electrodes are also provided.

Abstract: An oxygen evolution catalyst of the formula: Sr2MCoO5 where M=Al, Ga wherein M is bonded with four oxygen atoms to form a tetrahedron. The catalyst is operated at a potential of less than 1.58 volts vs. RHE at a current density of 50 ?A/cm2 for a pH of 7-13. The catalyst is operated at a potential of less than 1.55 volts vs. RHE at a current density of 50 ?A/cm2 and a pH of 13. The oxygen evolution catalyst of the formula: Sr2GaCoO5 wherein the catalyst is operated at a potential of less than 1.53 volts vs. RHE at a current density of 50 ?A/cm2 and a pH of 7. The oxygen evolution catalyst of formula: Sr2GaCoO5 wherein the catalyst maintains a current within 94% after 300 minutes at a potential of 1.645 volts vs. RHE wherein the current is greater than 1 milliamp and a pH of 7.

Abstract: Solid-state lithium ion electrolytes of lithium metal sulfide based composites are provided which contain an anionic framework capable of conducting lithium ions. Composites of specific formulae are provided and methods to alter the composite materials with inclusion of aliovalent ions shown. Lithium batteries containing the composite lithium ion electrolytes are also provided. Electrodes containing the lithium metal sulfide based materials and batteries with such electrodes are also provided.

Abstract: Solid-state lithium ion electrolytes of lithium fluoride based composites are provided which contain an anionic framework capable of conducting lithium ions. Composites of specific formulae are provided and methods to alter the composite materials with inclusion of aliovalent ions shown. Lithium batteries containing the composite lithium ion electrolytes are provided. Electrodes containing the lithium fluoride based composites are also provided.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a metal containing anode M? capturing and releasing cations, a metal containing cathode M? and an electrolyte including an anion X? and a cation M?+. During the charge process, the electrolyte allows reversible reactions wherein the anion dissociates from the electrolyte and reacts with the metal cathode forming M?Xy. At the same time, cations M?+ from the electrolyte deposit on the anode side. The reverse process happens during the discharge process.

Abstract: Provided herein are recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) nucleic acid vectors that comprise one or more modifications within at least one inverted terminal repeat (ITR) region. Exemplary modifications include ITR sequences comprising a glucocorticoid responsive element and/or a transcription factor binding site. Also provided are plasmids, libraries, rAAV particles, compositions, kits, and methods related to such vectors.

Abstract: A polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) casting membrane solution is shaped as a flat sheet membrane by thermally induced phase separation (TIPS), the PVDF membrane is defluorinated with an alkaline potassium permanganate solution, and then the carbon chain is extended with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) as the graft monomer, and finally the nucleophilic substitution is carried out between melamine and GMA to produce a chelating microfiltration membrane for capturing and enriching heavy metals with high flux and high capacity.

Abstract: Solid-state lithium ion electrolytes of lithium metal sulfide based composites are provided which contain an anionic framework capable of conducting lithium ions. An activation energy of the lithium metal sulfide composites is from 0.2 to 0.45 eV and conductivities are from 10?4 to 3.0 mS/cm at 300K. Composites of specific formulae are provided and methods to alter the composite materials with inclusion of aliovalent ions shown. Lithium batteries containing the composite lithium ion electrolytes are also provided. Electrodes containing the lithium metal sulfide based composites and batteries with such electrodes are also provided.

Abstract: Solid-state lithium ion electrolytes of lithium fluoride based composites are provided which contain an anionic framework capable of conducting lithium ions. Composites of specific formulae are provided and methods to alter the composite materials with inclusion of aliovalent ions shown. Lithium batteries containing the composite lithium ion electrolytes are provided. Electrodes containing the lithium fluoride based composites are also provided.

Abstract: Solid-state lithium ion electrolytes of lithium borate based composites are provided which contain an anionic framework capable of conducting lithium ions. Materials of specific formulae are provided and methods to alter the materials with inclusion of aliovalent ions shown. Lithium batteries containing the composite lithium ion electrolytes are provided. Electrodes containing the lithium borate based materials and batteries containing the electrodes are also provided.

Abstract: Methods for representing crystal structure of inorganic materials in matrix form, and for quantitative comparison of multiple inorganic materials, can be employed to identify candidate materials with high potential to possess a desired property. Such methods can include conversion of an atomic coordinate set to a coordinate set for an anion only lattice, anion substitution, and unit cell re-scaling. Such methods can further include simulation of x-ray diffraction data for modified anion-only lattices, and generation of n×2 matrices from the simulated diffraction data. Quantitative structural similarity values can be derived from the n×2 matrices. The quantitative structural similarity values can be useful for structural categorization, as well as prediction of functional properties.

Abstract: 3-D magnesium voltaic cells have a magnesium anode coated on multiple opposing surfaces with a continuous protective/electrolyte layer that is ionically conductive and electronically insulating. The resulting protected 3-D magnesium anode is coated on multiple opposing surfaces with a continuous cathode layer that is electronically and ionically conductive, and includes a magnesium storage medium. Suitable magnesium anodes, in particular, magnesium foam anodes, can be made by pulsed galvanostatic deposition of magnesium on a copper substrate. The protective layer can be formed by electropolymerization of a suitable methylacrylate ester. The continuous cathode layer can be a slurry cathode having powders of an electronic conductor and a reversible magnesium storage component suspended in a magnesium electrolyte solution.

Abstract: Solid-state lithium ion electrolytes of lithium phosphate derivative compounds are provided which contain an anionic framework capable of conducting lithium ions. The activation energy of the lithium phosphate derivative compounds is from 0.2 to 0.45 eV and conductivities are from 0.01 to 10 mS/cm at 300K. Materials of specific formulae are provided and methods to alter the composite materials with inclusion of aliovalent ions shown. Lithium batteries containing the composite lithium ion electrolytes are also provided. Electrodes containing the lithium phosphate derivative materials and batteries with such electrodes are also provided.

Abstract: Solid-state lithium ion electrolytes of lithium silicate based composites are provided which contain an anionic framework capable of conducting lithium ions. Composites of specific formulae are provided and methods to alter the composite materials with inclusion of aliovalent ions shown. Lithium batteries containing the composite lithium ion electrolytes are also provided. Electrodes containing the lithium metal sulfide based materials and batteries with such electrodes are also provided.

Abstract: Solid-state lithium ion electrolytes of lithium metal sulfide based composites are provided which contain an anionic framework capable of conducting lithium ions. Composites of specific formulae are provided and methods to alter the composite materials with inclusion of aliovalent ions shown. Lithium batteries containing the composite lithium ion electrolytes are also provided. Electrodes containing the lithium metal sulfide based materials and batteries with such electrodes are also provided.

Abstract: A system and a method for processing images are provided. The method may include one or more of the following operations. An image including a plurality of channels and a plurality of pixels may be obtained, each pixel having a pixel value corresponding to one of the plurality of channels. One of the plurality of pixels may be selected as a pixel of interest, and the corresponding channel of the pixel value of the pixel of interest may be designated as a target channel. A plurality of pixels proximate to the pixel of interest may include at least two first reference pixels. For each first reference pixel, a pseudo pixel value for the target channel of the first reference pixel may be determined. Whether the image is a deteriorated image may be determined at least based on the pixel value of the pixel of interest and the determined pseudo pixel values.

Abstract: Solid-state lithium ion electrolytes of lithium silicate based composites are provided which contain an anionic framework capable of conducting lithium ions. An activation energy for lithium ion migration in the solid state lithium ion electrolytes is 0.5 eV or less and room temperature conductivities are greater than 10?5 S/cm. Composites of specific formulae are provided and methods to alter the composite materials with inclusion of aliovalent ions shown. Lithium batteries containing the composite lithium ion electrolytes are also provided.