Abstract: A magnesium-ion battery includes a first electrode including an active material and a second electrode. An electrolyte is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The electrolyte includes a magnesium compound. The active material includes tin.

Abstract: A series of solid-state lithium ion composite electrolytes is described. The composite materials have lithium ions in an anionic framework wherein the anionic framework has lithium ion vacancies or interstitial Li+ sites. The anionic framework lattice is isostructural to a Laves Mg2Cu lattice and the lithium ion (Li+) conductivity of the solid state lithium ion electrolyte is at least 10?4 S/cm. The activation energy for lithium ion migration in the solid state lithium ion electrolyte is 0.36 sV or less. Composites of specific formulae are provided.

Abstract: A series of solid-state lithium ion composite electrolytes is described. The composite materials have lithium ions in an anionic framework wherein the anionic framework has lithium ion vacancies or interstitial Li+ sites. The anionic framework lattice is isostructural to a Laves Mg2Cu lattice and the lithium ion (Li+) conductivity of the solid state lithium ion electrolyte is at least 10?4 S/cm. The activation energy for lithium ion migration in the solid state lithium ion electrolyte is 0.36 sV or less. Composites of specific formulae are provided.

Abstract: Methods for representing crystal structure of inorganic materials in matrix form, and for quantitative comparison of multiple inorganic materials, can be employed to identify candidate materials with high potential to possess a desired property. Such methods can include conversion of an atomic coordinate set to a coordinate set for an anion only lattice, anion substitution, and unit cell re-scaling. Such methods can further include simulation of x-ray diffraction data for modified anion-only lattices, and generation of n×2 matrices from the simulated diffraction data. Quantitative structural similarity values can be derived from the n×2 matrices. The quantitative structural similarity values can be useful for structural categorization, as well as prediction of functional properties.

Abstract: A process of forming a direct NOx catalyst includes the steps of providing a palladium salt, providing a silicon oxide support material, mixing the palladium salt and silicon oxide support material in an aqueous solution, evaporating the aqueous solution forming a solid, calcining the solid, and then exposing the calcined solid to a pretreatment gas at a specified temperature to form a desired direct NOx catalyst. When the process includes exposing the calcined solid to helium gas at a temperature of from 650 to 1000° C. the catalyst may include a mixture of palladium and palladium oxide having a particle size of from 5 to 150 nm where the palladium particles are discrete particles without sintering and the mixture may include 41% by weight palladium oxide and 51% by weight palladium metal.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel mRNA elements capable of forming hairpin, double-stranded RNA structures independent of other non-coding RNAs. These mRNAs are stably expressed, lack polyadenylation tails, and allow minimal protein translation except when in the presence of specific proteins. Also provided, are compositions and kits comprising the mRNA element, as well as methods for its use in the regulation of protein translation. Advantageously, the disclosed elements represent a novel tool useful in regulating the expression of a wide variety of proteins of interest.

Abstract: Disclosed are next-generation multi-mutated capsid protein-modified rAAV expression vectors, as well as infectious virions, compositions, and pharmaceutical formulations that include them. Also disclosed are methods of preparing and using these high transduction efficiency vector constructs in a variety of therapeutic applications including, inter alia, as delivery agents for the treatment or amelioration of one or more diseases or abnormal conditions in an affected mammal using in vivo and/or ex situ viral vector-based gene therapy protocols. Also disclosed are large-scale production methods for the multi-mutated, capsid-modified rAAV expression vectors, viral particles, and infectious virions, as well as use of the disclosed compositions in the manufacture of medicaments for use in a variety of in vitro and/or in vivo therapeutic methodologies.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel mRNA elements capable of forming hairpin, double-stranded RNA structures independent of other non-coding RNAs. These mRNAs are stably expressed, lack polyadenylation tails, and allow minimal protein translation except when in the presence of specific proteins. Also provided, are compositions and kits comprising the mRNA element, as well as methods for its use in the regulation of protein translation. Advantageously, the disclosed elements represent a novel tool useful in regulating the expression of a wide variety of proteins of interest.

Abstract: A noble metal-free lanthanum transition metal perovskite catalyst material. The noble metal-free lanthanum transition metal perovskite catalyst material may include a two phase mixture of a lanthanum transition metal perovskite with an alkali or alkaline earth metal carbonate, a lanthanum transition metal perovskite doped with an alkali or alkaline earth metal, or a combination thereof. The lanthanum transition metal perovskite catalyst material provides direct decomposition of NOx into N2 and O2 without the presence of a noble metal and in the presence of excess O2.

Abstract: An oxygen evolution catalyst of the formula: Sr2MCoO5 where M=Al, Ga wherein M is bonded with four oxygen atoms to form a tetrahedron. The catalyst is operated at a potential of less than 1.58 volts vs. RHE at a current density of 50 ?A/cm2 for a pH of 7-13. The catalyst is operated at a potential of less than 1.55 volts vs. RHE at a current density of 50 ?A/cm2 and a pH of 13. The oxygen evolution catalyst of the formula: Sr2GaCoO5 wherein the catalyst is operated at a potential of less than 1.53 volts vs. RHE at a current density of 50 ?A/cm2 and a pH of 7. The oxygen evolution catalyst of formula: Sr2GaCoO5 wherein the catalyst maintains a current within 94% after 300 minutes at a potential of 1.645 volts vs. RHE wherein the current is greater than 1 milliamp and a pH of 7.

Abstract: Provided herein are recombinant AAV (rAAV) particles comprising a nucleic acid vector comprising a parvovirus B 19p6 promoter operatively linked to a heterologous gene, such as a human globin gene, and rAAV capsid proteins comprising one or more amino acid substitutions in a surface exposed loop of the capsid protein that result, e.g., in increased P antigen binding compared to a corresponding un-mutated AAV capsid protein. Also provided are methods and compositions related to such capsid proteins, methods of targeting gene expression to a cell of erythroid lineage, methods of treating a hemoglobinopathy using such rAAV particles, and methods for efficient transduction of a host cell suspension with a rAAV.

Abstract: A process of forming a direct NOx catalyst includes the steps of providing a palladium salt, providing a silicon oxide support material, mixing the palladium salt and silicon oxide support material in an aqueous solution, evaporating the aqueous solution forming a solid, calcining the solid, and then exposing the calcined solid to a pretreatment gas at a specified temperature to form a desired direct NOx catalyst. When the process includes exposing the calcined solid to helium gas at a temperature of from 650 to 1000° C. the catalyst may include a mixture of palladium and palladium oxide having a particle size of from 5 to 150 nm where the palladium particles are discrete particles without sintering and the mixture may include 41% by weight palladium oxide and 51% by weight palladium metal.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of site-specific integration of a heterologous sequence into a host genome (e.g., by administering a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) to a host cell in the presence of a Rep protein), and methods for treating diseases and disorders by delivering an rAAV that comprises a nucleic acid vector comprising a Rep protein. Also provided herein are methods and compositions for producing rAAV particles with improved titer and transduction efficiencies.

Abstract: A process of forming a direct NOx catalyst includes the steps of providing a palladium salt, providing a silicon oxide support material, mixing the palladium salt and silicon oxide support material in an aqueous solution, evaporating the aqueous solution forming a solid, calcining the solid, and then exposing the calcined solid to a pretreatment gas at a specified temperature to form a desired direct NOx catalyst. When the process includes exposing the calcined solid to helium gas at a temperature of from 650 to 1000° C. the catalyst may include a mixture of palladium and palladium oxide having a particle size of from 5 to 150 nm where the palladium particles are discrete particles without sintering and the mixture may include 41% by weight palladium oxide and 51% by weight palladium metal.

Abstract: Provided herein are recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) nucleic acid vectors that comprise one or more modifications within at least one inverted terminal repeat (ITR) region. Exemplary modifications include ITR sequences comprising a glucocorticoid responsive element and/or a transcription factor binding site. Also provided are plasmids, libraries, rAAV particles, compositions, kits, and methods related to such vectors.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell having an anode containing few-layered transition metal dichalcogenide is disclosed. The few-layered configuration of the transition metal dichalcogenide causes the material to have relatively low electric potential, enabling its use opposite a wide variety of cathode materials. In general, the few-layer configuration allows deployment as anode material of transition metal dichalcogenides that would typically otherwise be limited to use as cathode materials.

Abstract: A noble metal-free lanthanum transition metal perovskite catalyst material. The noble metal-free lanthanum transition metal perovskite catalyst material may include a two phase mixture of a lanthanum transition metal perovskite with an alkali or alkaline earth metal carbonate, a lanthanum transition metal perovskite doped with an alkali or alkaline earth metal, or a combination thereof. The lanthanum transition metal perovskite catalyst material provides direct decomposition of NOx into N2 and O2 without the presence of a noble metal and in the presence of excess O2.

Abstract: A magnesium-ion battery containing an anode of magnesium metal, a cathode, capable of absorption and release of Na ions; and a nonaqueous electrolyte containing a sodium ion salt selected from NaHMDS, NaPF6 and a sodium carborane and a magnesium ion salt selected from PhMgCl—AlCl3 (APC), a Mg carborane, and MgHMDS—Cl is provided.

Abstract: A process of forming a direct NOx catalyst includes the steps of providing a palladium salt, providing a silicon oxide support material, mixing the palladium salt and silicon oxide support material in an aqueous solution, evaporating the aqueous solution forming a solid, calcining the solid, and then exposing the calcined solid to a pretreatment gas at a specified temperature to form a desired direct NOx catalyst. When the process includes exposing the calcined solid to helium gas at a temperature of from 650 to 1000° C. the catalyst may include a mixture of palladium and palladium oxide having a particle size of from 5 to 150 nm where the palladium particles are discrete particles without sintering and the mixture may include 41% by weight palladium oxide and 51% by weight palladium metal.

Abstract: A positive electrode comprising ?-VOPO4 and/or Nax(?-VOPO4) wherein x is a value from 0.1 to 1.0 as an active ingredient, wherein the electrode is capable of insertion and release of sodium ions and a reversible sodium battery containing the positive electrode are provided.