Abstract: The present invention concerns a method of enzymatically determining the pH of a specimen (e.g., a solution or a biological fluid) and a kit for conducting the method. The present method involves mixing (1) a specimen with (2) an enzyme and (3) one or more substrates for the enzyme in a buffered solution having a pH effective to provide a direct proportional relationship between the activity of the enzyme and the pH of the specimen; determining the activity of the enzyme; and correlating the activity of the enzyme to the pH of the specimen. Each of the sample, the enzyme, the substrate and the buffered solution is present in an amount effective to provide the direct proportional relationship between the activity of the enzyme and the pH of the specimen.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are disclosed for determining a peroxidatively active catalyst. The methods comprise the step of detecting a substance formed by the coupling reaction of (a) the product of the peroxidatively active catalyst-catalyzed oxidation of a benzidine with (b) a coupler other than benzidine. The methods have application in a wide variety of systems including assays for analytes. Also disclosed are kits for conducting methods and assays in accordance with the present invention.

Abstract: Compounds and methods are disclosed for reversibly aggregating particles suspended in a liquid medium. The method comprises combining the liquid medium containing the particles with a polyionic polymer capable of aggregating the particles under conditions suitable for such aggregation. Thereafter, the particles are contacted with a chemical reagent capable of cleaving the polyionic polymer under conditions sufficient to reverse the aggregation. Optionally, magnetic particles are added to the liquid medium in the present method under conditions for non-specific binding and the medium including the aggregates is subjected to a magnetic field gradient to separate the aggregates from the medium. The compounds of the present invention are polyions. The aggregation of the particles is reversible upon contact with chemical agents which cleave at least some of the bonds within the polyionic polymer.

Abstract: 2-methyl-4-hexene- and 3-methyl-5-heptene-l,2-diol derivatives are disclosed together with methods for preparing such derivatives. Where the derivative is a 2-methyl-4-nexene- or 3-methyl-5-heptene-l,2-diol conjugated to a label, the conjugates are useful in immunoassays. Where the 2-methyl-4-hexene or 3-methyl-5-heptene-l,2-diol is conjugated to an immunogenic carrier, the conjugates may be employed as an immunogen for use in the preparation of antibodies. The label conjugate and the antibodies can be utilized in an immunoassay for the determination or detection of cyclosporin in a sample suspected of containing cyclosporin.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for inactivating interfering binding proteins in a immunoassay for a member of a specific binding pair (sbp). The method comprises including in an assay medium containing a sample suspected of containing an sbp member and an interfering binding protein an effective amount of a water soluble compound having two substituted or unsubstituted phenyl groups linked to a common atom. When the sbp member or its sbp partner has two phenyl groups linked to a common atom, the compound has a number of groups other than hydrogen attached to the phenyl groups and the atom that differs by at least two from the number of such groups on the sbp member. When the sbp member or its sbp partner has two phenyl groups linked to a common atom and the binding protein is not an antibody, the compound has only one group other than hydrogen attached to a phenyl group or the common atom.

Abstract: Compounds and methods are disclosed for reversibly aggregating particles suspended in a liquid medium. The method comprises combining the liquid medium containing the particles with a polyionic polymer capable of aggregating the particles under conditions suitable for such aggregation. Thereafter, the particles are contacted with a chemical reagent capable of cleaving the polyionic polymer under conditions sufficient to reverse the aggregation. Optionally, magnetic particles are added to the liquid medium in the present method under conditions for non-specific binding and the medium including the aggregates is subjected to a magnetic field gradient to separate the aggregates from the medium. The compounds of the present invention are polyions. The aggregation of the particles is reversible upon contact with chemical agents which cleave at least some of the bonds within the polyionic polymer.

Abstract: Assay methods are provided for determining the presence of lithium in high sodium content liquids such as serum, plasma, urine or other sample without deproteinization. The novel compounds are water soluble derivatives of TMC-crownformazans and provide signal enhancement by increased absorbance of the dye-lithium complex over the dye anion.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed toward an immunoassay which can determine the presence of amphetamines in a sample suspected of containing amphetamine and/or methamphetamine by employing at least two conjugates, each comprised of a functionally similar label bound to an amphetamine analog and a methamphetamine analog respectively and an antibody to amphetamine and an antibody to methamphetamine wherein at least one of the antibodies is a monoclonal antibody.

Abstract: Novel derivatives of phencyclidine are provided as precursors for conjugating to antigenic proteins for the preparation of antibodies which bind to phencyclidine or conjugation to enzymes for use as reagents in immunoassays. The combination of the antibodies and enzyme conjugates provide a sensitive and rapid assay for phencyclidine.

Abstract: A kit for inactivating interfering binding proteins in a immunoassay for a member of a specific binding pair (sbp). The method comprises including in an assay medium containing a sample suspected of containing an sbp member and an interfering binding protein an effective amount of a water soluble compound having two substituted or unsubstituted phenyl groups linked to a common atom. When the sbp member or its sbp partner has two phenyl groups linked to a common atom, the compound has a number of-groups other than hydrogen attached to the phenyl groups and the atom that differs by at least two from the number of such groups on the sbp member. When the sbp member or its sbp partner has two phenyl groups linked to a common atom and the binding protein is not an antibody, the compound has only one group other than hydrogen attached to a phenyl group or the common atom.

Abstract: Novel compounds and assay methods are provided for determining the presence of lithium in serum, plasma, urine or other sample without deproteinization. The novel compounds are water soluble derivatives of TMC-crownformazans and provide signal enhancement by increased absorbance of the dye-lithium complex over the dye anion.

Abstract: Compounds and methods are disclosed for reversibly aggregating particles suspended in a liquid medium. The method comprises combining the liquid medium containing the particles with a polyionic polymer capable of aggregating the particles under conditions suitable for such aggregation. Thereafter, the particles are contacted with a chemical reagent capable of cleaving the polyionic polymer under conditions sufficient to reverse the aggregation. Optionally, magnetic particles are added to the liquid medium in the present method under conditions for non-specific binding and the medium including the aggregates is subjected to a magnetic field gradient to separate the aggregates from the medium. The compounds of the present invention are polyions. The aggregation of the particles is reversible upon contact with chemical agents which cleave at least some of the bonds within the polyionic polymer.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed toward an immunoassay which can determine the presence of amphetamines in a sample suspected of containing amphetamine and/or methamphetamine by employing at least two conjugates, each comprised of a functionally similar label bound to an amphetamine analog and a methamphetamine analog respectively and an antibody to amphetamine and an antibody to methamphetamine wherein at least one of the antibodies is a monoclonal antibody.

Abstract: 2-methyl-4-hexene- and 3-methyl-5-heptene-1,2-diol derivatives are disclosed together with methods for preparing such derivatives. Where the derivative is a 2-methyl-4-hexene- or 3-methyl-5-heptene-1,2-diol conjugated to a label, the conjugates are useful in immunoassays. Where the 2-methyl-4-hexene or 3-methyl-5-heptene-1,2-diol is conjugated to an immunogenic carrier, the conjugates may be employed as an immunogen for use in the preparation of antibodies. The label conjugate and the antibodies can be utilized in an immunoassay for the determination or detection of cyclosporin in a sample suspected of containing cyclosporin.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for inactivating interfering binding proteins in a immunoassay for a member of a specific binding pair (sbp). The method comprises including in an assay medium containing a sample suspected of containing an sbp member and an interfering binding protein an effective amount of a water soluble compound having two substituted or unsubstituted phenyl groups linked to a common atom. When the sbp member or its sbp partner has two phenyl groups linked to a common atom, the compound has a number of groups other than hydrogen attached to the phenyl groups and the atom that differs by at least two from the number of such groups on the sbp member. When the sbp member or its sbp partner has two phenyl groups linked to a common atom and the binding protein is not an antibody, the compound has only one group other than hydrogen attached to a phenyl group or the common atom.

Abstract: Novel compounds and assay methods are provided for determining the presence of lithium in serum, plasma, urine or other sample without deproteinization. The novel compounds are water soluble derivatives of TWC-crownformazans and provide signal enhancement by increased absorbance of the dye-lithium complex over the dye anion.

Abstract: Compounds and methods are disclosed for reversibly aggregating particles suspended in a liquid medium. The method comprises combining the liquid medium containing the particles with a polyionic polymer capable of aggregating the particles under conditions suitable for such aggregation. Thereafter, the particles are contacted with a chemical reagent capable of cleaving the polyionic polymer under conditions sufficient to reverse the aggregation. Optionally, magnetic particles are added to the liquid medium in the present method under conditions for non-specific binding and the medium including the aggregates is subjected to a magnetic field gradient to separate the aggregates from the medium. The compounds of the present invention are polyions. The aggregation of the particles is reversible upon contact with chemical agents which cleave at least some of the bonds within the polyionic polymer.

Abstract: Novel compounds and assay methods are provided for determining the presence of lithium in serum, plasma, urine or other sample without deproteinization. The novel compounds are water soluble derivatives of TMC-crownformazans and provide signal enhancement by increased absorbance of the dye-lithium complex over the dye anion.

Abstract: Novel oxime derivatives of phencyclidine are provided as precursors for conjugating proteins, either antigenic for the preparation of antibodies or enzymatic for the preparation of enzyme conjugates, which antibodies and enzyme conjugates find use as reagents in immunoassays. The combination of antibodies and enzyme conjugates provide for sensitive, accurate, rapid assays for phencyclidine without interference from commonly administered drugs, such as dextromethorphan, demerol and chlorpromazine.

Abstract: Phencylidine, PCP, derivatives having a non-oxo carbonyl functionality linked directly or through a linking group to the phenyl ring are provided for conjugation to antigenic compositions, particularly poly(amino acids), and enzymes. The antigenic conjugates are employed for the production of antibodies, which find particular use in immunoassays for the determination of phencyclidine, while the enzyme conjugate finds use in a homogeneous enzyme immunoassay for the determination of phencyclidine.