Abstract: A method and apparatus for wireless communication in the unlicensed spectrum between an eNB and UEs having different bandwidths, e.g., between a narrowband UE and a wideband eNB. A UE apparatus transmits uplink transmissions in a plurality of transmission units and hops frequency bands in a first pattern across frames based on a base station hopping pattern. The apparatus may transmit uplink transmissions based on dual hopping patterns, and may hop in a second pattern across transmission units within the base station's channel occupancy within a frame. A base station apparatus may hop frequency bands in a first pattern across frames based on a base station hopping pattern, and may receive uplink transmissions in a narrowband from a UE in a plurality of transmission units within the frequency bands based on the base station hopping pattern.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for wireless communication in the unlicensed spectrum between an eNB and UEs having different bandwidths, e.g., between a narrowband UE and a wideband eNB. A user equipment apparatus segments an uplink duration in each frame into multiple transmission units for each frequency, wherein a frame comprises an integer number of the transmission units. The apparatus transmits uplink communication based on the multiple transmission units, wherein each transmission unit comprises at least one on period and at least one off period corresponding to each of a plurality of frequencies, wherein during an on period the UE transmits uplink communication on the corresponding frequency and during an off period the UE refrains from transmitting uplink communication on the corresponding frequency. Each transmission unit may comprise multiple on periods and multiple off periods. The on/off periods may be configured by a base station or specified for each frame type.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for wireless communication in the unlicensed spectrum between an eNB and UEs having different bandwidths, e.g., between a narrowband UE and a wideband eNB. A base station apparatus may perform a dual CCA procedure for a frame, wherein the dual CCA procedure comprises a first type of CCA procedure followed by a second type of CCA procedure when the first type of CCA procedure is unsuccessful. The apparatus may transmit during the frame when at least one CCA procedure of the dual CCA procedure is successful and may refrain from transmitting during the frame when both CCA procedures of the dual CCA procedure are unsuccessful. In performing the dual CCA procedure, the apparatus may perform CCA for a first period of time then perform eCCA for a second period of time following the CCA, when the CCA is unsuccessful.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for wireless communication in the unlicensed spectrum between an eNB and UEs having different bandwidths, e.g., between a narrowband UE and a wideband eNB. A base station apparatus performs an LBT procedure at a beginning of frames and transmits a plurality of repetitions of a transmission. When the plurality of repetitions span multiple frames and the LBT procedure is not successful for a first frame, the base station drops or postpones at least one repetition in the first frame until a second frame when the LBT procedure is successful. A UE receives the plurality of repetitions and may combine a plurality of repetitions across multiple frames. The UE may determine whether the base station drops the at least one repetition in the first frame or postpones the at least one repetition in the first frame until a second frame.

Abstract: This disclosure includes methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication. A repetition of symbols may be used to increase a device's ability to synchronize and communicate using unlicensed spectrum. For example, a base station may schedule a frame that includes repetitions, in time or frequency, of a control or data signal. After performing a listen-before-talk (LBT) procedure, the base station may broadcast or transmit the frame to one or more devices, such as a user equipment (UE). For instance, the frame may include repetitions of a discovery reference signal (DRS), and be broadcast by the base station to enable synchronization by the UE. In other examples, the signal may include repetitions of a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), and a UE may identify a start of a transmission opportunity using the CRSs. Other signals, such as downlink control and shared channels, may be repeated within a frame in a similar manner.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. Resources for narrowband communication in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band may be configured and allocated based on resource availability, regulatory constraints, and device capability or category. A narrowband wireless device, such as a machine type communication device or other relatively low complexity device, may communicate using one or more narrowband carriers, which may occupy between one tone and multiple resource blocks in an unlicensed spectrum band (e.g., any number of resources between one (1) tone and multiple resource blocks (RBs)). Different device types may thus be configured differently as they move between geographic regions. The base station may then communicate with the narrowband mobile device based on the resource allocation and the carrier configuration.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A user equipment (UE) and base station may communicate using narrow band internet of things (NB-IoT) techniques or enhanced machine type communication (eMTC) in unlicensed spectrum. The UE may be an eMTC device or another device capable of communication without user direction. The UE may identify a geographic region and select a communication mode that is consistent with regulatory restrictions in that region. For example, in some cases, the communication mode may be based on using time division duplexing (TDD), using frequency hopping, or performing a listen-before-talk (LBT) procedure at the base station. A frame structure for TDD may include LBT subframes, uplink portions, downlink portions, and special subframes for switching. The base station may perform LBT procedures in the LBT subframes. If frequency hopping is enabled, a configurable number of TDD frames may be grouped into a hopping frame block.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to trial scleral lenses, and the resulting scleral lenses, designed for the asymmetric shape of the sclera and/or its chiral properties. In some embodiments, the scleral lenses are also designed for the specific asymmetry associated with different scleral diameters. In addition, as discussed herein, the scleral shape can vary with different conditions of the eye. By designing a set of trial scleral lenses that takes into account these different asymmetric properties of the sclera, a clinician can be more efficient, fitting more eyes with fewer subsequent modifications. The resulting lenses will also achieve a better fit.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for enhanced neighbor discovery through enhanced automatic neighbor relations (ANR) and for detecting cell identifier confusion and are described. Neighboring base stations may provide information to one another, including using ANR, that may avoid or help to resolve cell identity confusion. For example, a NHN-ID may be defined to avoid or resolve cell identify confusion. A wireless device, such as a base station or a user equipment (UE), may determine whether neighboring cells are using a common cell identifier and may adjust operations accordingly. For example, a device may detect physical cell identity (PCI) confusion by determining whether two neighboring cells have the same PCI and different Evolved Universal Terrestrial Access Network (E-UTRAN) Cell Global Identifiers (ECGIs) or different Neutral Host Network Identifier (NHN-IDs). A network entity may then inform the neighboring cells having the same PCI of the confusion.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. Wireless communications systems operating in unlicensed or shared radio frequency spectrum band may use different modes to manage hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback. HARQ feedback may be transmitted autonomously or, in some cases, HARQ feedback may be solicited from a user equipment (UE) for one or several HARQ processes. Solicited feedback may be referred to as polled feedback and autonomous feedback may be referred to as unpolled feedback. Polled and unpolled feedback may be transmitted using different physical channels, and may be grant-based or triggered without an express grant. Buffers for polled and unpolled feedback may be separately maintained and managed. In a multicarrier configuration, uplink control information (UCI) for one or more carriers may be transmitted on a subset of configured uplink carriers. A number of carriers used for UCI may depend on operating conditions of a UE.

Abstract: Techniques are described for wireless communication. One method includes transmitting a sequence of deterministic variations of random access data on at least one interlace of non-contiguous frequency resources allocated to a physical random access channel (PRACH) in an unlicensed spectrum, beginning at a first time; repeating the transmitting of the sequence of deterministic variations of random access data at least once, beginning at a second time; generating at least one modification of the sequence of deterministic variations of random access data, in which the at least one modification is generated according to a modification sequence; and transmitting on the at least one interlace, beginning at a third time, the at least one modification of the sequence of deterministic variations of random access data.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A downlink control message type used for triggering uplink transmissions may convey additional information, including timing for uplink transmissions. The type or format of the control channel (e.g., physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) type or format) used to trigger an uplink transmission may also indicate a starting time or a time period, or both for the uplink transmission. In some cases, downlink control information (DCI) may indicate the function of a downlink control message that includes the DCI. Additionally, system information identified in a downlink control message may be used to determine a subframe length which, in some examples, may be used to determine whether or how long to monitor a discovery reference signal (DRS) subframe.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A user equipment (UE) may monitor for discovery reference signal (DRS) transmissions, physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) transmissions, or combinations thereof within a DRS transmission window. The UE may attempt to decode DRS or PDSCH transmissions for a subframe based on detection of DRS transmissions, prioritization of DRS transmissions relative to PDSCH transmissions, locations of subframes within a radio frame, overlapping of the DRS transmission window with a paging opportunity, or any combination thereof. In some cases, one or more radio link monitoring (RLM) parameters may be adjusted based on decoding of PDSCH or DRS transmissions.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. The payload size for uplink transmissions of unscheduled control information may vary and, in some cases, may be dynamically determined. A user equipment (UE) may determine a payload size or may select a payload size from a set of predetermined sizes. A base station may independently determine the same payload size or it may blindly detect the payload size upon receiving the uplink (UL) transmission. Or the base station may indicate the payload size to the UE. Additionally, UL grants issued to the UE may take one of several forms (e.g., different downlink control indicator formats), and characteristics of the grant may indicate information about resources assigned by the grant, including a location of the resources among various transmission opportunities or whether the grant is for multiple subframes.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A base station may transmit a configuration for enhanced paging to a UE being served by a cell over a shared frequency band. The enhanced paging may include multiple paging intervals for each paging cycle. The UE may enable reception for a paging interval and determine whether the UE receives a downlink transmission. The UE may lengthen a paging interval or enable reception during a second paging interval based in part on determining whether the UE receives a downlink transmission. In some examples, the UE may receive a paging queue status indication indicating that paging information will be transmitted during a paging interval or a later interval, or indicating that no paging information is present at a serving cell.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A user equipment (UE) may attempt to access a network at a local area network access point without prior context information. The access point may be a hotspot operating in unlicensed spectrum according to a Long Term Evolution (LTE)-based standard. The UE may be unable to determine if it is authorized to access the network, so the UE may attempt to obtain system information that provides a list of service providers supported by the network. The UE may then determine whether it has credentials for a supported service provider, and the UE may access the network using those credentials when a supported service provider is recognized. Other broadcast messages may provide information about system information for supported service providers. A UE that is unable to access the network using stored credentials may attempt access using a random access channel procedure.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A user equipment (UE) may monitor a neighbor cell and report the result to a serving base station. Based on the report, the serving base station may identify an estimated discovery reference signal (DRS) transmission window of the neighbor cell. In some cases, the UE may estimate and report parameters of the neighbor DRS transmission window, and in other cases, the UE may make a measurement report and the base station may infer DRS transmission window parameters. The base station may then provide the UE with a DRS measurement timing configuration (DMTC) based on the estimated parameters of the neighbor cell so that the UE may monitor the neighbor cell and the serving cell in an efficient manner. For example, the UE may conserve battery life by refraining from monitoring DRS during periods when a DRS transmission is not likely.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A user equipment (UE) may monitor a neighbor cell and report the result to a serving base station. Based on the report, the serving base station may identify an estimated discovery reference signal (DRS) transmission window of the neighbor cell. In some cases, the UE may estimate and report parameters of the neighbor DRS transmission window, and in other cases, the UE may make a measurement report and the base station may infer DRS transmission window parameters. The base station may then provide the UE with a DRS measurement timing configuration (DMTC) based on the estimated parameters of the neighbor cell so that the UE may monitor the neighbor cell and the serving cell in an efficient manner. For example, the UE may conserve battery life by refraining from monitoring DRS during periods when a DRS transmission is not likely.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate to a methods and apparatus for wireless communication. In one aspect, a method of wireless communication comprises assigning, by an access point, an interval of time for transmission on an unlicensed communication spectrum to a LTE-U device, and broadcasting an anchor signal during the interval of time on the unlicensed communication spectrum, the anchor signal comprising a paging indication for the LTE-U device. In another aspect, a method of wireless communication comprises determining, by a LTE-U device, an interval of time for reception of a paging indication on an unlicensed communication spectrum and receiving an anchor signal during the interval of time on the unlicensed communication spectrum, the anchor signal comprising the paging indication.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate to a methods and apparatus for wireless communication. In one aspect, a method of wireless communication comprises receiving, by a long term evolution unlicensed (LTE-U) device, a plurality of signals from an access point on an unlicensed communication spectrum. The method further comprises determining, by the device, whether a signal of the plurality of signals comprises a discovery signal. The method further comprises monitoring a radio link based on, the signal if the signal is determined to comprise the discovery signal.