Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device (OELD) comprises a substrate, an first electrode, a second electrode opposite to the first electrode disposed over the substrate, a hole-transport layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, an electron-transport layer disposed between the second electrode and the hole-transport layer, and an emissive layer disposed between the hole-transport layer and the electron-transport layer. The emissive layer comprises a plurality of sub-layers. One or more dopants dispersed gradually in the plurality of sub-layers having the substantially identical host material.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device is provided, comprising a bottom electrode, at least two emissive units disposed on the bottom electrode, at least one charge-generation layer disposed between two adjacent emissive units, and a top electrode disposed on the emissive units. The charge-generation layer comprises fullerene or a derivative thereof, and generates and transports electrons and holes.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device comprises an anode, a hole injection layer as CFx formed on the anode, a first hole transport layer formed on the hole injection layer and the first hole transport layer doped with a P-type dopant, a second hole transport layer formed on the first hole transport layer, a light emitting layer formed on the second hole transport layer, an electron transport layer formed on the light emitting layer, and a cathode formed on the electron transport layer. According to the structure of the organic electroluminescent device disclosed in the present invention, the hole injection layer and the first hole transport layer provide the function of increasing the efficiency of the hole injection so as to improve the operating life and stability of the device.

Abstract: An optical recording system includes an optical pickup, a power auto-control device, and a digital signal processor. The optical pickup includes a laser diode and a photo detector. The power auto-control device generates a drive voltage for driving the laser diode to generate a recording light beam incident upon an optical storage medium. The photo detector is operable to generate a sub-beam added signal from light that was reflected by the optical storage medium and that was detected by the photo detector during recording using the recording light beam. The digital signal processor compares the sub-beam added signal from the photo detector with a predetermined target value, and enables the power auto-control device to adjust the drive voltage in such a manner that the sub-beam added signal approaches the predetermined target value based on result of the comparison made by the digital signal processor.

Abstract: An automatic laser power control apparatus for an optical recording system includes a drive voltage generator and a control unit. The drive voltage generator amplifies a selected control voltage or target value for output. When the control voltage is selected by the drive voltage generator, the apparatus works in a closed-loop control mode. When a recording or reading process is interrupted, the control unit generates a calculated variable gain value based on operation parameters, such as the drive voltage, the control voltage, the variable gain value and the target value, prior to interruption. At the end of interruption, the control unit enables the drive voltage generator to generate the requisite drive voltage according to the recording speed and link point condition, thereby generating the voltage or control state that approximates the closed-loop condition so that there is almost zero transient response in the system.

Abstract: Public key security control (PKSC) is provided for a cryptographic module by means of digitally signed communications between the module and one or more authorities with whom it interacts. Authorities interact with the crypto module by means of unsigned queries seeking nonsecret information or signed commands for performing specified operations. Each command signed by an authority also contains a transaction sequence number (TSN), which must match a corresponding number stored by the crypto module for the authority. The TSN for each authority is initially generated randomly and is incremented for each command accepted from that authority. A signature requirement array (SRA) controls the number of signatures required to validate each command type. Upon receiving a signed command from one or more authorities, the SRA is examined to determine whether a required number of authorities permitted to sign the command have signed the command for each signature requirement specification defined for that command type.

Abstract: A negative ion hairbrush mainly comprises a comb holder and a handle which are folded and pivoted in overlapping manner. The comb holder contains a plurality of flexible or retractable combs and the handle embraces a negative ion generator and a negative ion outlet at the pivot joint directing the anion energy from the generator flowing toward the combs when the comb holder and the handle are in opening position. While the comb holder and the handle are in folded position, the negative ion outlet is exposed and the anion energy continues flowing outward so the negative ion hairbrush is used as the hairbrush and as the air purifier. When used as a hairbrush, the negative ion energy will neutralize the cation charge to prevent the hair cell from decaying and the hair from falling off.

Abstract: A device for canceling a land-groove offset component of a focusing error signal in an optical storage system includes first and second circuits, and an adder. The first circuit processes a radio (or wobble) frequency ripple signal to obtain a first processed signal that is multiplied by a first gain value (G1) so as to result in a first signal. The second circuit processes a tracking error signal to obtain a second processed signal that is multiplied by a second gain value (G2) so as to result in a second signal. The adder is coupled to the first and second circuits, and adds the first and second signals to produce a compensative land-groove offset component that is to be fed into a focusing device of the optical storage system so as to enable the focusing device to cancel out the land-groove offset component of the focusing error signal.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing MOSFET devices, and particularly to the trench-type MOSFET devices, embodiments of the present invention provide methods of forming bottom oxide layers having uniform thickness on the bottom of the trenches and avoiding undesired damage in the partial semiconductor substrate near the top of the trenches. In one embodiment, a method for manufacturing a trench-type MOSFET comprises providing a semiconductor substrate and forming a trench on the semiconductor substrate; forming a first oxide layer on a bottom and sidewalls of the trench and on the semiconductor substrate; forming a bottom anti-reflective coating (BARC) layer in the trench to cover the first oxide layer; forming a photoresist layer on the bottom anti-reflective coating layer; removing the photoresist layer; removing the bottom anti-reflective coating layer; and removing the first oxide layer on the sidewalls of the trench to form a bottom oxide layer on the bottom of the trench.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a developing method, which can efficiently prevent the developing solution from remaining on the backside surface of the wafer, so as to avoid the influence of the contamination on the subsequent processes. In one embodiment, a developing method comprises providing a wafer in a reaction space, wherein the wafer has an exposed photoresist thereon; coating a developing solution on a surface of the wafer; rotating the wafer; rinsing a normal surface and a backside surface of the wafer; and stopping rinsing the normal surface of the wafer while keeping rinsing the backside surface of the wafer for a specific time period.

Abstract: An air-purifying cap comprises a main body and an anion generator. The main body has a groove at the front cap edge to accommodate the anion generator. The anion generator is a box incorporating a high voltage circuit and a battery, or a box attached with a solar energy collecting plate, so the battery or the solar energy plate can supply DC power to high voltage circuit and allow the internal discharge electrode for high voltage discharge to produce huge amount of anions that output from the box bottom. The released anions will decompose airborne virus and purify the air quality for human respiratory system. It provides an instant measure to effectively inhibit the spreading virus.

Abstract: An air-purifying cap comprises a main body and an anion generator. The main body has a groove at the front cap edge to accommodate the anion generator. The anion generator is a box incorporating a high voltage circuit and a battery, or a box attached with a solar energy collecting plate, so the battery or the solar energy plate can supply DC power to high voltage circuit and allow the internal discharge electrode for high voltage discharge to produce huge amount of anions that output from the box bottom. The released anions will decompose airborne virus and purify the air quality for human respiratory system. It provides an instant measure to effectively inhibit the spreading virus.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent (EL) device comprising a pair of electrodes and at least one luminescent layer interposed between the pair of electrodes. The luminescent layer comprises a condensed polycyclic aromatic compound, an organic metal chelate and a luminescent dye.

Abstract: An automatic oil pump that includes a drive chamber having a reciprocal driving device and an oil chamber having a sucking device, located on two sides of a main body. The reciprocal driving device has a piston unit having a valve chamber at its center and a balance valve, pushed by a spring. The drive chamber has grooves on its inside wall. The piston unit has two channels, allowing air to flow into the valve chamber, passing two sides of the piston unit. On the piston unit is a driving rod, the driving rod penetrates into the main body and reaches into the oil chamber. A hermetic cover and a movable piston are attached to an end of the driving rod. On the wall of the piston unit are pluralities of through holes. The reciprocal driving device drives the piston in the oil chamber to move reciprocally, so oil is sucked into and out of the oil chamber continuously. Thereby, oil sucking speed and volume are upgraded to save time and labor, and oil pumping efficiency is enhanced.

Abstract: A method, system and computer program product for digesting data in storage of a computing environment. The digesting computes a condensed representation of a message or data stored in the computer storage. A COMPUTE INTERMEDIATE MESSAGE DIGEST (KIMD) and a COMPUTE LAST MESSAGE DIGEST (KLMD) instruction are disclosed which specify a unit of storage to be digested by a secure hashing algorithm.

Abstract: A method, system and program product for enciphering or deciphering storage of a computing environment by specifying, via an instruction, a unit of storage to be enciphered or deciphered. The unit of storage to be enciphered or deciphered includes a plurality of pages which may be operated on in a chaining operation.

Abstract: A method, system and computer program product for computing a message authentication code for data in storage of a computing environment. An instruction specifies a unit of storage for which an authentication code is to be computed. An computing operation computes an authentication code for the unit of storage. A register is used for providing a cryptographic key for use in the computing to the authentication code. Further, the register may be used in a chaining operation.

Abstract: External plastic structure of a treadmill includes a base seat and a running platform. The base seat has two columns respectively upward extending from two sides of the base seat. A panel plastic member is disposed between the two columns. A front section of the running platform is mounted between the columns. A running belt is circularly rotatably disposed in the running platform. A step board plastic member is disposed on two sides of the running belt of the running platform. The panel plastic member and the step board plastic member are made of plastic material by blowing molding, whereby internal buffering spaces are formed therein.

Abstract: A composition for treatment and prevention of cancer including a Monascus fermentation extract as active component. The inventive Monascus extract is produced by liquid fermentation, and includes at least one component with three characteristic ultraviolet absorption peaks at 230, 237 and 246 nm.

Abstract: A chair includes a base support having two upwardly extending rods and two upwardly extending tubular members, a seat mounted on the base support and having a backrest, two armrests each having an end fixedly mounted on a respective one of the upwardly extending rods, two lower rods each inserted into a respective one of the upwardly extending tubular members, a spring sleeved over the upper portion of the lower rod with a lower end of the spring bearing against the flange of the lower rod, an upper rod formed with a flange at an intermediate portion and two downwardly extending lugs, the inclined surface of the lower rod being used for limiting rotation angle of the upper rod with respect to the lower rod, a backrest rod being put onto an upper end of the upper rod, the backrest rod extending upwardly through another end of a respective one of the armrests to engage fixedly with the backrest, and an adjusting means connected between the backrest and rear ends of the armrests, thereby providing different posi