Abstract: Provided is a novel compound capable of improving the luminous efficiency, stability and life span of a device, an organic electric element using the same, and an electronic device thereof.

Abstract: A vehicular exhaust device is disclosed. The vehicular exhaust device includes an exhaust pipe, which is connected at one end to an exhaust manifold of a cylinder and at the other end to a catalytic converter. In particular, an intermediate portion of the exhaust pipe is in contact with the side surface of the catalytic converter so as to heat the catalytic converter by heat of the exhaust pipe.

Abstract: A method of controlling a user interface using an input image is provided. The method includes storing operation executing information of each of one or more gesture forms according to each of a plurality of functions, detecting a gesture form from the input image, and identifying the operation executing information mapped on the detected gesture form to execute an operation according to a function which is currently operated.

Abstract: Provided is a silicon-based molten composition including silicon, carbon, and a metal in which a solubility parameter (Csisol) defined by Equation (1) below is less than ?0.37, wherein a SiC single crystal is formed by a solution method: Csisol=A?B+?1??2??Equation (1) in Equation (1) above, A is a first energy (A) of a first evaluation lattice including silicon atoms, a carbon atom, and metal atoms in a silicon crystal lattice including metals and carbons, B is a second energy (B) of a second evaluation lattice including silicon atoms and metal atoms in a silicon crystal lattice including metals, ?1 is a constant of ?5.422, and ?2 is a constant of ?9.097.

Abstract: Provided is an organic electric element and an electronic device thereof, by using the mixture of the compounds as a phosphorescent host material, it is possible to achieve a high luminous efficiency and a low driving voltage of an organic electric element, and the life span of the device can be greatly improved.

Abstract: An operation method of a memory controller may include performing a first decoding operation to a message of an internal region included in a codeword received from a semiconductor memory device by using an internal parity, wherein the message and the internal parity are included in the internal region in a matrix form; and performing a second decoding operation to the internal region, to which the first decoding operation is performed, by using an outer parity of an outer region.

Abstract: An operation method of a controller may include encoding a first data at a first code rate such that the encoded first data is decoded by a first parity check matrix included in a variable code-rate parity check matrix and encoding a second data at a second code-rate such that the encoded second data is decoded by a second parity check matrix included in a variable code-rate parity check matrix.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic light-emitting element comprising a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel, which have different colors, the organic light-emitting element comprising: a substrate; a first electrode arranged on the substrate; a second electrode arranged on the first electrode so as to face the first electrode; an organic light-emitting layer arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, the organic light-emitting layer comprising a first organic light-emitting layer arranged on the first sub-pixel, a second organic light-emitting layer arranged on the second sub-pixel, and a third organic light-emitting layer arranged on the third sub-pixel; a hole transport layer arranged between the first electrode and the organic light-emitting layer; and a light-emitting supplement layer arranged between the hole transport layer and the organic light-emitting layer, the light-emitting supplement layer comprising a first light-emitting supplement layer, which i

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for providing emotional information in an electronic device are provided. At least one content is displayed. Emotional information is extracted from an image obtained via a camera. The emotional information is added to the content.

Abstract: A method of controlling a user interface using an input image is provided. The method includes storing operation executing information of each of one or more gesture forms according to each of a plurality of functions, detecting a gesture form from the input image, and identifying the operation executing information mapped on the detected gesture form to execute an operation according to a function which is currently operated.

Abstract: An operation method of a memory controller includes: reading a second data from memory cells when a hard decision error correction decoding operation based on a first data read from the memory cells fails; calculating a LLR of each bit-data included in the first data by using the first and second data; and performing a soft decision error correction decoding operation based on the LLR, wherein the memory cells include a first and second memory cell, wherein the first data includes first-bit-data read from the first and second memory cell, wherein the second data includes second-bit-data read from the first and second memory cell, wherein the LLR is a LLR of the first-bit-data read from the first memory cell calculated based on the first bit and a second bit read from the first memory cell and a first bit and a second bit read from the second memory cell.

Abstract: A single-wafer-type cleaning apparatus is provided. The single-wafer-type cleaning apparatus is configured to be capable of controlling electrostatic charges generated due to rotating a wafer during a semiconductor cleaning process and a defect caused by the electrostatic charges. The cleaning process uses an ionizer mounted on a chuck.

Abstract: An operating method of a controller includes generating a square message matrix of k×k; and generating an encoded message by encoding the square message matrix row by row through a Bose-Chadhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) code, wherein the square message matrix includes an upper triangular matrix and a lower triangular matrix, which are symmetrical to each other with reference to zero-padding blocks included in a diagonal direction in the square message matrix, wherein the upper triangular matrix includes “?” numbers of message blocks, each of which has a size of “?+1”, and “(N??)” numbers of message blocks, each of which has a size of “?”, and wherein “?”, “?” and N have relationships represented by equations 1 and 2: ? = ? M N ? [ Equation ? ? 1 ] ? = M ? ? mod ? ? N [ Equation ? ? 2 ] where “M” represents a size of a message input from a host and “N” represents a number of message blocks forming the upper triangular matrix.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a heterogeneous catalyst for the preparation of 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HPA) from allyl alcohol, and a method for the preparation of 3-HPA from allyl alcohol using the catalyst. In the presence of the heterogeneous catalyst containing gold on a carrier, a liquid-phase reaction is conducted to produce 3-HPA from allyl alcohol at high yield.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for providing emotional information in an electronic device are provided. At least one content is displayed. Emotional information is extracted from an image obtained via a camera. The emotional information is added to the content.

Abstract: A memory system includes a memory device; and a controller suitable for encoding a message, storing the encoded message in the memory device and decoding the encoded message, wherein the controller is suitable for generating a message matrix including predetermined row codes and predetermined column codes symmetrical to the predetermined row codes, with the message or the encoded message using a block-wise concatenated Bose-Chadhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) code with a symmetrical structure.

Abstract: A method and a portable communication device are provided.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for recording image data in an electronic device are provided. The method includes storing image data of different directions obtained via a plurality of cameras. In the method for storing image data in an electronic device, first image data and second image data are obtained. A state of an object of the second image data is determined while the first image data is stored. When the state of the object of the second image data meets a certain condition, the second image data is stored together with the first image data.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for performing spherical panorama shooting in an electronic device are provided. The method includes, displaying, if it is determined that the electronic device is positioned in an outdoor environment, a first summary guide corresponding to the outdoor environment, and displaying, if it is determined that the electronic device is positioned in an indoor environment, a second summary guide corresponding to the indoor environment. The first summary guide and the second summary guide are graphic User Interfaces (UI) for informing a spherical panorama shooting progress, and the second summary guide has a number of image shootings that are required for generating a spherical panoramic image, different from the number of image shootings in a case where the first summary guide is displayed.

Abstract: An operation method of a flash memory system includes a hard decision decoding on a codeword and a soft decision decoding on an error message block. The hard decision decoding on a codeword and the codeword comprises message blocks encoded with row constituent codes and column constituent codes according to a block-wise concatenated BCH (BC-BCH) method. When the hard decision decoding fails, the error message block to which the hard decision decoding fails among a plurality of the message blocks is identified. Soft decision information corresponding to the row constituent codes and the column constituent codes of the error message block is generated and the soft decision decoding on the error message block based on the soft decision information is performed.