Abstract: An electro-optical device includes a pixel electrode, a light shielding member disposed along an edge of the pixel electrode in a planar view viewed in a thickness direction that is a direction perpendicular to the pixel electrode, a first insulator that is provided in a region overlapped with at least the light shielding member in the planar view, and having light transmission, and a second insulator that is provided to be in contact with the first insulator on an opening region that is an inside surrounded by the light shielding member in the planar view, and having the light transmission and a refractive index higher than that of the first insulator, in which the second insulator configures a waveguide which reflects incident light incident on the opening region at an interface between the second insulator and the first insulator, and propagates the incident light inside the second insulator.

Abstract: An electro-optical device includes a pixel electrode, a light shielding, a first insulator, a second insulator provided to be in contact with the first insulator on an opening region, a base member including a concave portion disposed to an outside of the second insulator and overlapped with the second insulator, and a lens member provided on the base member to cover the concave portion, and having the refractive index higher than that of the base member, in which the second insulator functions as a waveguide which reflects incident light at an interface between the second insulator and the first insulator, and propagates the incident light inside the second insulator, and the lens member refracts the incident light incident on the lens member from the second insulator or the incident light incident on the second insulator from the lens member at an interface with the concave portion.

Abstract: An electro-optical device includes a pixel electrode, a light shielding, a first insulator, a second insulator provided to be in contact with the first insulator on an opening region, a base member including a concave portion disposed to an outside of the second insulator and overlapped with the second insulator, and a lens member provided on the base member to cover the concave portion, and having the refractive index higher than that of the base member, in which the second insulator functions as a waveguide which reflects incident light at an interface between the second insulator and the first insulator, and propagates the incident light inside the second insulator, and the lens member refracts the incident light incident on the lens member from the second insulator or the incident light incident on the second insulator from the lens member at an interface with the concave portion.

Abstract: An electro-optical device includes a pixel electrode, a light shielding member disposed along an edge of the pixel electrode in a planar view viewed in a thickness direction that is a direction perpendicular to the pixel electrode, a first insulator that is provided in a region overlapped with at least the light shielding member in the planar view, and having light transmission, and a second insulator that is provided to be in contact with the first insulator on an opening region that is an inside surrounded by the light shielding member in the planar view, and having the light transmission and a refractive index higher than that of the first insulator, in which the second insulator configures a waveguide which reflects incident light incident on the opening region at an interface between the second insulator and the first insulator, and propagates the incident light inside the second insulator.

Abstract: A polarizing element includes a plurality of polarizing sections, wherein a first polarizing section included in the plurality of polarizing sections has a first base material and a plurality of first acicular particles dispersed in the first base material such that long axes of the first acicular particles are aligned in substantially the same direction, a second polarizing section included in the plurality of polarizing sections has a second base material and a plurality of second acicular particles dispersed in the second base material such that long axes of the second acicular particles are aligned in substantially the same direction, and the specification of the first acicular particles is different from that of the second acicular particles.

Abstract: A polarization element includes: a substrate; and a plurality of grid sections arranged on the substrate, wherein the grid sections each have protruding sections and recessed sections alternately arranged in a longitudinal direction of the grid sections at a pitch shorter than a wavelength of incident light, in the plurality of grid sections, the arrangement pitch P of the protruding sections is the same, and a proportion (D=L/P) of a length L of the protruding section to the arrangement pitch P of the protruding sections is the same, and a height of the protruding sections is different between the grid sections adjacent to each other.

Abstract: A liquid crystal projector includes: an illumination system; a liquid crystal optical element; an inorganic polarizer arranged on the emission side of the liquid crystal optical element; and a projection system arranged on the emission side of the inorganic polarizer, the inorganic polarizer includes a substrate, a plurality of reflective layers arranged on the substrate, a dielectric layer formed on each reflective layer, and an inorganic particulate layer formed on the dielectric layer to be shifted in a first direction from a center line that bisects the corresponding reflective layer in a short-side direction, at least one of a optical axis of the illumination system and a optical axis of the projection system is shifted with respect to a center axis of the liquid crystal optical element.

Abstract: A polarizing element includes: a substrate; a plurality of reflection layers that is arranged in a band shape at a predetermined interval on the substrate; dielectric layers that are formed on the reflection layers; and inorganic micro-particle layers that are formed on the dielectric layers by inorganic micro-particles having shape anisotropy in which a length of a diameter of the micro-particles in an arrangement direction of the reflection layers is longer than a length of a diameter of the micro-particles in a direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the reflection layers and has convex portions toward a side of a first adjacent reflection layer and a side of a second adjacent reflection layer.

Abstract: A polarizing element includes: a substrate; a plurality of reflection layers that is arranged in a band shape at a predetermined interval on the substrate; dielectric layers that are formed on the reflection layers; and absorption layers on the dielectric layers that have convex portions disposed toward a side of a first adjacent reflection layer and a side of a second adjacent reflection layer.

Abstract: A polarization element includes: a substrate; a plurality of thin metal wires provided to the substrate in a striped manner; and a plurality of protruding sections made of metal provided to each of the thin metal wires, and arranged in a longitudinal direction of the thin metal wire at a pitch shorter than a wavelength of incident light.

Abstract: A polarizing element includes a plurality of polarizing sections, wherein a first polarizing section included in the plurality of polarizing sections has a first base material and a plurality of first acicular particles dispersed in the first base material such that long axes of the first acicular particles are aligned in substantially the same direction, a second polarizing section included in the plurality of polarizing sections has a second base material and a plurality of second acicular particles dispersed in the second base material such that long axes of the second acicular particles are aligned in substantially the same direction, and the specification of the first acicular particles is different from that of the second acicular particles.

Abstract: A polarization element includes: a substrate; and a plurality of grid sections arranged on the substrate, wherein the grid sections each have protruding sections and recessed sections alternately arranged in a longitudinal direction of the grid sections at a pitch shorter than a wavelength of incident light, and an arrangement pitch of the protruding sections is different between the grid sections adjacent to each other.

Abstract: A method for producing a fine structure includes: (a) forming a photosensitive film to cover a plurality of first convex portions formed in at least one surface of a substrate; (b) arranging liquid to cover the photosensitive film on the at least one surface of the substrate; (c) arranging a transparent parallel plate such that the parallel plate opposes the substrate via the liquid; (d) generating interference field by a laser beam to irradiate the interference field onto the photosensitive film via the parallel plate and the liquid; (e) removing the liquid and the parallel plate to develop the photosensitive film so as to form a photosensitive film pattern; and (f) etching the substrate using a mask of the photosensitive film pattern to form a plurality of fine convex portions smaller than the first convex portions on the at least one surface of the substrate.

Abstract: The phosphor wheel (wavelength conversion element) includes: a substrate; a light-emitting element having at least a phosphor layer provided on one surface of the substrate; and a first reflective portion provided in at least a first side face of the phosphor layer to change a propagation direction of the light propagating inside the phosphor layer such that an angle with respect to a normal line of the emission face where the fluorescent light is emitted from the light-emitting element is reduced.

Abstract: A polarization element includes: a substrate; and a plurality of grid sections arranged on the substrate, wherein the grid sections each have protruding sections and recessed sections alternately arranged in a longitudinal direction of the grid sections at a pitch shorter than a wavelength of incident light, in the plurality of grid sections, the arrangement pitch P of the protruding sections is the same, and a proportion (D=L/P) of a length L of the protruding section to the arrangement pitch P of the protruding sections is the same, and a height of the protruding sections is different between the grid sections adjacent to each other.

Abstract: A polarization element includes: a substrate; and a plurality of grid sections arranged on the substrate, wherein the grid sections each have protruding sections and recessed sections alternately arranged in a longitudinal direction of the grid sections at a pitch shorter than a wavelength of incident light, and an arrangement pitch of the protruding sections is different between the grid sections adjacent to each other.

Abstract: A liquid crystal projector includes: an illumination system; a liquid crystal optical element; an inorganic polarizer arranged on the emission side of the liquid crystal optical element; and a projection system arranged on the emission side of the inorganic polarizer, the inorganic polarizer includes a substrate, a plurality of reflective layers arranged on the substrate, a dielectric layer formed on each reflective layer, and an inorganic particulate layer formed on the dielectric layer to be shifted in a first direction from a center line that bisects the corresponding reflective layer in a short-side direction, at least one of a optical axis of the illumination system and a optical axis of the projection system is shifted with respect to a center axis of the liquid crystal optical element.

Abstract: A polarizing element includes: a substrate; a plurality of reflection layers that is arranged in a band shape at a predetermined interval on the substrate; dielectric layers that are formed on the reflection layers; and inorganic micro-particle layers that are formed on the dielectric layers by inorganic micro-particles having shape anisotropy in which a length of a diameter of the micro-particles in an arrangement direction of the reflection layers is longer than a length of a diameter of the micro-particles in a direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the reflection layers and has convex portions toward a side of a first adjacent reflection layer and a side of a second adjacent reflection layer.

Abstract: A polarizing element includes: a substrate; a plurality of reflection layers that is arranged in a band shape at a predetermined interval on the substrate; dielectric layers that are formed on the reflection layers; and absorption layers on the dielectric layers that have convex portions disposed toward a side of a first adjacent reflection layer and a side of a second adjacent reflection layer.