Abstract: RF PA circuitry and a DC-DC converter, which includes an RF PA envelope power supply and DC-DC control circuitry, are disclosed. The PA envelope power supply provides an envelope power supply signal to the RF PA circuitry. The DC-DC control circuitry has a DC-DC look-up table (LUT) structure, which has at least a first DC-DC LUT. The DC-DC control circuitry uses DC-DC LUT index information as an index to the DC-DC LUT structure to obtain DC-DC converter operational control parameters. The DC-DC control circuitry then configures the PA envelope power supply using the DC-DC converter operational control parameters. Using the DC-DC LUT structure provides flexibility in configuring the DC-DC converter for different applications, for multiple static operating conditions, for multiple dynamic operating conditions, or any combination thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is a low series impedance directional power detector, which may be used to measure either forward or reverse power in a radio frequency (RF) circuit. The directional power detector includes current detection circuitry to directionally measure current, voltage detection circuitry to measure voltage, and combining circuitry to combine the directional RF current measurements and the RF voltage measurements into a combined RF measurement, which is indicative of directional power. The current detection circuitry and voltage detection circuitry apply any phase-shifts that are needed to detect power in the direction of interest and ignore power in the opposite direction when the directional power detector is presented with a complex load.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lumped cross-coupled Wilkinson circuit having a pair of magnetically cross-coupled inductive elements coupled to an isolation network. By magnetically cross-coupling the inductive elements, which have a mutual inductance, the inductance of each inductive element will be significantly less than the inductance of each inductive element in an equivalent lumped traditional Wilkinson combiner. Since the inductance of each inductive element is less, the size of each inductive element may be significantly smaller and the resistive loss of the each inductive element may be significantly smaller. In one embodiment of the present invention, the lumped cross-coupled Wilkinson circuit operates as a lumped cross-coupled Wilkinson combiner. In an alternate embodiment of the present invention, the lumped cross-coupled Wilkinson circuit operates as a lumped cross-coupled Wilkinson splitter.

Abstract: A cascaded directional couplers circuit having capacitive compensation such that the directivity of a resistively terminated one of the cascaded couplers is not degraded by an inductance of the other one of the cascaded directional couplers.

Abstract: The present invention generally provides a packet buffer random access memory (PBRAM) device including a memory array, a plurality of input ports, and a plurality of serial registers associated with the input ports. The plurality of input ports permit multiple devices to concurrently access the memory in a non-blocking manner. The serial registers enable receiving data from the input ports and concurrently packet data to the memory array. The memory performs all management of network data queues so that all port requests can be satisfied within the real-time constraints of network packet switching.

Abstract: Devices, containers, and methods are provided for performing biological analysis in a closed environment. Illustrative biological analyses include nucleic acid amplification and detection and immuno-PCR.

Abstract: The present invention generally provides a packet buffer random access memory (PBRAM) device including a memory array, a plurality of input ports, and a plurality of serial registers associated with the input ports. The plurality of input ports permit multiple devices to concurrently access the memory in a non-blocking manner. The serial registers enable receiving data from the input ports and concurrently packet data to the memory array. The memory performs all management of network data queues so that all port requests can be satisfied within the real-time constraints of network packet switching.

Abstract: Devices, containers, and methods are provided for performing biological analysis in a closed environment. Illustrative biological analyses include high density nucleic acid amplification and detection and immuno-PCR.

Abstract: A vertical autoloader design enables multiple data cartridges to be selectively loaded into a drive while minimizing the device footprint. The structure of the vertical autoloader incorporates Geneva steps into the walls of the autoloader. The Geneva steps interface with gearing on a drive carriage to move the drive vertically. The data cartridges are inserted into slots on the front of the vertical autoloader, and the data cartridges not currently loaded into the drive can be removed and replaced while the autoloader is in operation. Further, the vertical autoloader includes prevent devices in the cartridge slots to ensure the data cartridges are loaded correctly.

Abstract: A network interface unit has an interface coupled to a first transmit line and a first receive line, and the interface is configured to receive a signal from the first receive line. The network interface unit further has circuitry operable in a test mode and a data mode that couples the received signal to the second transmit line via a first path while operating in the data mode. The circuitry further disables coupling of the signal to the second transmit line, couples the signal via an alternate path to the first transmit line, and creates a bias voltage about which a termination impedance for the second transmit line is centered while operating in test mode.

Abstract: The present invention is a quadrature RF power detector circuit, which is used in conjunction with a quadrature RF power amplifier to detect and combine RF signals from an in-phase amplifier leg and from a quadrature-phase amplifier leg to provide an RF power detection signal. The quadrature RF power detector circuit includes an emitter follower amplifier for each leg of the quadrature RF power amplifier and may include doubler circuitry to detect both half-cycles of an RF signal. The emitter follower detector provides power detection with minimal DC current and without significant RF loading at the point of detection, such as an RF interstage. This balanced detector also provides more accurate power detection under high VSWR conditions due to the quadrature action minimizing peaks and valleys in the detected voltage.

Abstract: A riding stirrup (10) includes a hanger rod (11) for connecting the stirrup to a saddle, and a stirrup loop (12) connected to the hanger rod. The stirrup loop (12) defines a stirrup opening (14) through which a rider may extend their foot when the rider is sitting in the saddle. The stirrup loop (12) also includes an elongated base support tread (17) positioned generally at the bottom of the loop. The base support tread (17) extends at a slant with respect to a stirrup centerline (CL) which extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the hanger rod (11), through a midpoint of the rod, and through the base support tread. This slant places the distance between an outer tread section (21) and the hanger rod (11) greater than the distance between an inner tread section (20) and the hanger rod.

Abstract: A power amplifier apparatus that includes a main power amplifier circuit and an injection power amplifier circuit is provided. The main amplifier includes a pair of quadrature coupled amplifiers. Similarly, the injection power amplifier also includes pair of quadrature coupled amplifiers. The output signal from the injection amplifier is connected to the isolation port of the quadrature coupler of the main amplifier. The input signal is split and applied to the inputs of both the main and injection amplifiers. The gain and phase through the injection amplifier is adjusted in order to vary the magnitude and phase of the signal injected into the isolation port of the quadrature combiner of the main amplifier. By varying the magnitude and phase of the injected signal, the impedance seen by the individual amplifiers within main amplifier can be controlled. Controlling these impedances allows the properties of the main amplifier to be dynamically varied.

Abstract: Typically data migration between HLR nodes is implemented by suspending operation of the HLR function in a mobile communications network while the data is transferred. This operation inevitably results in considerable network disruption. The present invention provides a method of on-line active data migration in which a subscriber diversion is implemented before subscriber data is sequentially transferred from one HLR node to another. The diversion redirects particular subscriber transactions from the second to the first HLR nodes if the subscriber has not been migrated from the first HLR node. The method allows the transfer to be implemented while the network HLR function remains on-line.

Abstract: The present invention features a system and method for detecting and predicting lightning strikes via specialized electrostatic detection using highly sensitive atmospheric static electric detection, interpretation, and alarm signal distribution. The system employs a detection means which includes a designated lightning sensor having a surface which carries a high impedance static voltage reference charge. This reference charge, called the pilot voltage, is a static charge delivered to the lightning sensor at very low currents. The pilot voltage influences the relative charge in the molecules found in the atmosphere immediately surrounding the lightning sensor. There is a gradual transition in the charge between the lightning sensor's surface and the molecules in the atmosphere that surrounds the sensor. It is this varying molecular state that creates a modulation process which the present invention uses to determine a lighting strike.

Abstract: The present invention features a system and method for detecting and predicting lightning strikes via specialized electrostatic detection using highly sensitive atmospheric static electric detection, interpretation, and alarm signal distribution. The system employs a detection means which includes a designated lightning sensor having a surface which carries a high impedance static voltage reference charge. This reference charge, called the pilot voltage, is a static charge delivered to the lightning sensor at very low currents. The pilot voltage influences the relative charge in the molecules found in the atmosphere immediately surrounding the lightning sensor. There is a gradual transition in the charge between the lightning sensor's surface and the molecules in the atmosphere that surrounds the sensor. It is this varying molecular state that creates a modulation process which the present invention uses to determine a lighting strike.

Abstract: A riding stirrup (10) includes a hanger rod (11) for connecting the stirrup to a saddle, and a stirrup loop (12) connected to the hanger rod. The stirrup loop (12) defines a stirrup opening (14) through which a rider may extend their foot when the rider is sitting in the saddle. The stirrup loop (12) also includes an elongated base support tread (17) positioned generally at the bottom of the loop. The base support tread (17) extends at a slant with respect to a stirrup centerline (CL) which extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the hanger rod (11), through a midpoint of the rod, and through the base support tread. This slant places the distance between an outer tread section (21) and the hanger rod (11) greater than the distance between an inner tread section (20) and the hanger rod.

Abstract: The present invention generally provides a memory device that is optimized for network packet switching. Multiple access ports permit multiple devices to concurrently access the memory in a non-blocking manner. The memory performs all management of network data queues so that all port requests can be satisfied within the real-time constraints of network packet switching. The memory system is expandable, with packet data being distributed across all memories in the system to prevent overloading of any one memory device. Further, the memory system includes input and output queue management functions using pointers that allow input data to be placed on output data queues without the data actually being copied into a new output queue.

Abstract: A riding stirrup (10) includes a hanger rod (11) for connecting the stirrup to a saddle, and a stirrup loop (12) connected to the hanger rod. The stirrup loop (12) defines a stirrup opening (14) through which a rider may extend their foot when the rider is sitting in the saddle. The stirrup loop (12) also includes an elongated base support tread (17) positioned generally at the bottom of the loop. The base support tread (17) extends at a slant with respect to a stirrup centerline (CL) which extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the hanger rod (11), through a midpoint of the rod, and through the base support tread. This slant places the distance between an outer tread section (21) and the hanger rod (11) greater than the distance between an inner tread section (20) and the hanger rod.

Abstract: The present invention generally provides a memory device that is optimized for network packet switching. Multiple access ports permit multiple devices to concurrently access the memory in a non-blocking manner. The memory performs all management of network data queues so that all port requests can be satisfied within the real-time constraints of network packet switching. The memory system is expandable, with packet data being distributed across all memories in the system to prevent overloading of any one memory device. Further, the memory system includes input and output queue management functions using pointers that allow input data to be placed on output data queues without the data actually being copied into a new output queue.