Abstract: Lateral field emission devices ("FEDs") for display elements and methods of fabrication are set forth. The FED includes a thin-film emitter oriented parallel to, and disposed above, a substrate. The FED further includes a columnar shaped anode having a first lateral surface. A phosphor layer is disposed adjacent to the first lateral surface. Specifically, the anode is oriented such that the lateral surface and adjacent phosphor layer are perpendicular to the substrate. The emitter has a tip which is spaced less than the mean free distance of an electron in air from the phosphor layer. Operationally, when a voltage potential is applied between said anode and said emitter, electrons are emitted from the tip of the emitter into the phosphor layer causing the phosphor layer to emit electromagnetic energy. Further specific details of the field emission device, fabrication method, method of operation, and associated display are set forth.

Abstract: Lateral field emission devices ("FEDs") for display elements and methods of fabrication are set forth. The FED includes a thin-film emitter oriented parallel to, and disposed above, a substrate. The FED further includes a columnar shaped anode having a first lateral surface. A phosphor layer is disposed adjacent to the first lateral surface. Specifically, the anode is oriented such that the lateral surface and adjacent phosphor layer are perpendicular to the substrate. The emitter has a tip which is spaced less than the mean free distance of an electron in air from the phosphor layer. Operationally, when a voltage potential is applied between said anode and said emitter, electrons are emitted from the tip of the emitter into the phosphor layer causing the phosphor layer to emit electromagnetic energy. Further specific details of the field emission device, fabrication method, method of operation, and associated display are set forth.

Abstract: A multi-chromic lateral field emission devices ("FEDs") includes a phosphor layer disposed substantially perpendicular to an emission surface. Associated with the phosphor layer are multiple emission regions, and associated with each emission region is an emitter and a filter. Operationally, when electrons are transferred from an emitter into the phosphor layer, a light emission is produced from the associated emission region. The associated filter selectively passes desired wavelengths of light.

Abstract: Multi-chromic lateral field emission devices ("FEDs") and methods of fabrication are set forth. The multi-chromic FEDs include a phosphor layer disposed substantially perpendicular to an emission surface. Associated with the phosphor layer are multiple emission regions, and associated with each emission region is an emitter and a filter. Operationally, when electrons are transferred from an emitter into the phosphor layer, a light emission is produced from the associated emission region. The associated filter selectively passes desired wavelengths of light. Specific details of the field emission device, an associated display, and fabrication methods are set forth.

Abstract: A method of etching vias without directional etching damage to the substrate. A pattern image is formed on an insulating layer of known thickness over a substrate. A conformal layer is formed on the pattern image. A vertical contact hole through the conformal layer and into the insulating layer is produced by directional etching. The directional etch also leaves conformal sidewall spacers of a defined width. The depth of the vertical contact hole is equal to the thickness of the insulating layer minus the width of the conformal spacer. The insulating layer is then removed by an isotropic wet etch to achieve a near vertical edge contact hole without directional etching damage to the substrate. The sidewall spacers may also be removed by etching prior to removal of the insulating layer.

Abstract: Multi-chromic lateral field emission devices ("FEDs") and methods of fabrication are set forth. The multi-chromic FEDs include a phosphor layer disposed substantially perpendicular to an emission surface. Associated with the phosphor layer are multiple emission regions, and associated with each emission region is an emitter and a filter. Operationally, when electrons are transferred from an emitter into the phosphor layer, a light emission is produced from the associated emission region. The associated filter selectively passes desired wavelengths of light. Specific details of the field emission device, an associated display, and fabrication methods are set forth.

Abstract: The footwear sole construction has a sole element disposed in the heel region of the sole. The sole element includes a first pod disposed on the medial side of the sole and a second pod disposed on the lateral side of the sole. The first pod is connected to the second pod by a web. A lower side of the sole element defines a concavity such that a lower surface of the first and second pods are disposed for contacting a ground surface. The first and second pods each include cavities extending therethrough such that a first open end of a cavity is disposed on one of the medial and lateral sides of the pod and a second open end of that cavity is disposed on the lower surface of such pod. The placement of the cavities and the orientation of the pods allow for tailoring and control of shock absorption.

Abstract: A footwear sole construction has a cavity. The footwear sole construction includes pods disposed on the medial and lateral sides of the heel region of the sole. The pods may be formed independent from the sole or integral with the sole. In addition, the pods may be disposed on the forefoot region of the sole, as well as, around the entire periphery. The placement of the cavities directly control the degree of shock absorption. The pods may be disposed such that at least one of the cavities may be disposed to have an open end on one of the medial and lateral sides of the sole and another open end on the lower surface of the sole. The cavities also may be formed directly in the sole material. In such case, a support piece can be disposed in the cavities or a reinforcement piece can be disposed on the bottom of the sole. The cavities also may be formed in a support element disposed in the sole.

Abstract: An athletic shoe (20) having an inflatable air bladder (52) integrated into the design and construction of the shoe, and apparatus (50) for inflating the air bladder, as well as apparatus (82) for sensing and indicating the pressure in the bladder, all incorporated into the design of the shoe.

Abstract: A parallel computer comprising a plurality of processors and an interconnection network for transferring messages among the processors. At least one of the processors, as a source processor, generates messages, each including an address defining a path through the interconnection network from the source processor to one or more of the processors which are to receive the message as destination processors. The interconnection network establishes, in response to a message from the source processor, a path in accordance with the address from the source processor in a downstream direction to the destination processors thereby to facilitate transfer of the message to the destination processors. Each destination processor generates response indicia in response to a message. The interconnection network receives the response indicia from the destination processor(s) and generates, in response, consolidated response indicia which it transfers in an upstream direction to the source processor.

Abstract: A data transfer arrangement for use in a data processing system comprising a processing array and at least one input/output unit and a host for issuing commands, including data transfer commands, to both the processing array and the input/output unit. The processing array and input/output unit include interfaces are interconnected by a bus and comprise an information transfer means, a control transfer means including a cycle identifier transfer means, and a transfer control means. The information transfer means transmits and receives information signals, including arbitration, target select and data signals, over information transfer lines of the bus. The cycle identifier transfer means transmits and receives cycle identifier signals over cycle identifier lines of the bus. The transfer control means is connected to the information transfer means and the control transfer means and enables a data transfer in a plurality of phases, including an arbitration phase, a selection phase and a data transfer phase.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for operating a multi-unit memory system so that one of such units may readily be replaced in service. The system comprises an error correction code (ECC) generation circuit, a plurality of read/write memory units and at least one spare read/write memory unit. The ECC circuit generates an error correction code for each block of data to be stored in the system and supplies this code along with the block of data to the memory units for storage. The system further comprises means for generating from a sequence of blocks of data and associated error correction codes retrieved from these memory units a sequence of bits which correct an error in the information retrieved from one memory unit and means for writing this sequence of correction bits to the spare read/write memory unit. Advantageously, the system also comprises means for rewriting the sequence of correction bits to a memory unit after a faulty memory unit has been repaired or replaced.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bicycle seat with interchangeable horns and one in which the support platforms may be adjusted to a broader base or to a narrower base.

Abstract: A digital data processing system including an interconnection for the various elements that constitute the system. Each element that connects to the interconnection is called a nexus, and each nexus in the system can communicate with other nexuses. A central clocking circuit generates timing signals that control such communications on a synchronous basis. The clocking circuit includes oscillator, control and sequencing circuits that produce phase and clocking signals that are coupled to each nexus. Each nexus contains receivers and decoders for converting the phase and clocking signals into a sequence of internal timing signals that synchronizes the operation of the nexus to transfers among the nexuses.

Abstract: A digital data processing system including an interconnection for the various elements that constitute the system. Each element that connects to the interconnection is called a nexus, and each nexus in the system can communicate with other nexuses on a priority basis. A central clocking circuit generates timing signals that control such communications by defining bus cycles on a synchronous basis and each nexus contains priority circuitry that operates in response to these signals. Each nexus that requires access to the interconnection asserts a transfer request signal at a predetermined time during each bus cycle. Priority arbitration circuitry in each nexus receives all such requests and samples them at another, later, time during each bus cycle. When a nexus is transmitting a request and no nexus with a higher priority is transmitting a request, that nexus takes control of the interconnection. A transfer during a subsequent bus cycle to another nexus can be prevented during certain types of transfers.