Abstract: An offline reinforcement learning apparatus for n-step return-based implicit regularization is disclosed. The offline reinforcement learning apparatus comprises a processor; and a memory connected to the processor, wherein the memory comprises program instructions, in response to being executed by the processor, perform operations comprising, sampling, among datasets collected in a preset domain, some datasets including state, action, state at the next time point, reward, and return in n-step, calculating an objective function of a state value model that evaluates a value of a specific state using the sampled data set to update a parameter of the state value model, setting a TD (temporal difference) target based on the state value model, calculating an objective function of a state-action value model that evaluates a value of a specific state and action.

Abstract: Provided is a video-based parking space occupancy detection artificial intelligence learning method. The method includes: detecting objects from a video taken of a plurality of parking spaces in a parking lot; generating learning data based on cumulative feature information that accumulates, over a certain period of time, feature information corresponding to the object detected from each image constituting the video; and learning artificial intelligence for detecting whether the object occupies the parking space based on the learning data.

Abstract: A traffic control method and apparatus with an autonomous vehicle based on adaptive reward. A traffic control apparatus for an autonomous vehicle based on adaptive reward comprises an information observation unit that collects observation information from a sensing module of an autonomous vehicle or a roadside unit (RSU); a policy execution unit that decides on an action including adjusting acceleration and changing lanes of the autonomous vehicle based on the observation information and policy; and a reward determination unit that determines reward according to observation information at a next timestep according to the decision made, wherein reward in the reward determination unit includes penalty in an event of an accident and reward when driving, wherein the reward when driving includes an adaptive target speed reward term, a successful lane change reward term, and a safety distance compliance reward term that are adaptively determined according to road traffic.

Abstract: An offline reinforcement learning-based foresighted decision-making apparatus and method for interaction between multiple agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pouch type secondary battery with improved insulation performance, a secondary battery module including the same, and a pouch therefor. The pouch type secondary battery has a pouch that includes: an accommodation part in which the electrode assembly is accommodated and an edge part disposed along an outer circumference of the accommodation part to define an edge. The edge part includes an insulating layer having an insulating material, and, in the insulating layer, a first insulating layer and a second insulating layer are stacked in sequence from an inside toward an outside of the pouch.

Abstract: Provided is a method and an apparatus of inferring a stochastic driving characteristic of a driving vehicle. The driving characteristic inferring apparatus may include a model training unit which trains a plural driving characteristic model and an inference model using learning driving data of a learning driving vehicle, and a driving characteristic inferring unit which infers a driving characteristic coefficient representing a driving characteristic of a target driving vehicle with driving data of the target driving vehicle as an input of the inference model.

Abstract: Provided is a method and an apparatus for determining a vehicle behavior, and more specifically, to a method and an apparatus for determining a vehicle behavior for bottleneck congestion control in a bottleneck section. Tn apparatus for determining a vehicle behavior may include an information collection unit collecting surrounding information of a target driving vehicle from a road side unit (RSU), a vehicle observation unit obtaining observation information based on the target driving vehicle from a sensing module mounted on the target driving vehicle, a reward determination unit determining a reward for the target driving vehicle through a reward function which uses the surrounding information and the observation information, a model training unit updating and training a decision making model through the reward, and a behavior determination unit determining a behavior of the target driving vehicle by inputting the observation information into the decision making model.

Abstract: A caterpillar changing apparatus includes a floor frame; a moving fame movable with respect to the floor frame; and a supporting unit including at least one body, the supporting unit provided on the moving frame and configured to support a caterpillar to maintain a shape of the caterpillar that the caterpillar has when installed on a vehicle.

Abstract: A spatial disturbance that occurs when an access is concentrated in a specific memory area in a volatile semiconductor memory like DRAM is properly solved by a memory controller. The memory controller includes a concentration access detection part generating a concentration access detection signal when an address for accessing a specific memory area among memory areas of volatile semiconductor memory is concentratedly received. In the case that the concentration access detection signal is generated, the memory controller includes a controller for easing or preventing corruption of data which memory cells of the specific memory area and/or memory cells of memory areas adjacent to the specific memory area hold.

Abstract: A nanotube dispersion, a nanotube film manufactured using the same, and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The nanotube dispersion comprises a nanotube, a nanotube dispersant including at least one selected from a compound represented by a chemical formula 1 and a salt thereof, and a solvent including one selected from an organic solvent, water, and a mixture thereof.

Abstract: A mold system, mold opening apparatus, and method. The mold opening apparatus can include a mold carrier member, a vertical movement mechanism, a rotational movement mechanism, and one or more mold engagement mechanisms.

Abstract: A financial product information collecting platform system includes: a data collecting module configured to collect description data of one or more financial products from one or more financial institutions; a data processing module including a financial product database configured to store one or more normalized words and benefit structure information pre-designated in relation to financial products, and a data structurer configured to generate structured financial product information by matching the description data to the one or more normalized words and the benefit structure information; and a data providing module configured to provide the financial product information to a user.

Abstract: A method of controlling output levels of an MMC converter to reduce fluctuation in a power grid frequency, which adjusts an output level of the MMC converter in response to a change in a power grid frequency of a power grid system in the MMC converter connected to a grid system, is proposed. The method includes a detection step of detecting a power grid frequency of a grid connected to the MMC converter in real time, a comparison step of comparing the detected power grid frequency with a preset reference power grid frequency, and an adjustment step of adjusting a number of output levels of the MMC converter to reduce a difference between the detected power grid frequency and the reference power grid frequency when the detected power grid frequency and the reference power grid frequency are different from each other.

Abstract: A caterpillar changing apparatus includes a floor frame; a moving fame movable with respect to the floor frame; and a supporting unit including at least one body, the supporting unit provided on the moving frame and configured to support a caterpillar to maintain a shape of the caterpillar that the caterpillar has when installed on a vehicle.

Abstract: The present disclosure allows removal of the influence by an unstable pixel power voltage by generating or selectively using a gamma voltage according to a gamma reference voltage variable depending on the level of the pixel power voltage.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing an electromagnetic interference shielding film comprising an electromagnetic interference shielding layer, the method comprising the steps of: preparing a metal nanoplate solution comprising a solvent in which metal nanoplates are dispersed; and coating the metal nanoplate solution on a substrate.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave shielding film includes a substrate; and an electromagnetic wave shielding layer disposed on the substrate and including a laminated structure having a planar shape and including a stack of metal nanoplates, wherein each metal nanoplate of the stack of metal nanoplates is staggered with respect to one or more other metal nanoplate of the stack of metal nanoplates so that the laminated structure has pores defined therein and between laminated structures in a stack of laminates structures. An additional embodiment of an electromagnetic wave shielding film includes an electromagnetic wave shielding layer including a composite of a polymer resin matrix composed of a polymer and at least one metal nanoplate, wherein each metal nanoplate of the at least one metal nanoplate is staggered with respect to one or more other metal nanoplate of the at least one metal nanoplate so that the composite has pores defined therein.

Abstract: An apparatus for fabricating a microneedle includes a first substrate having a plurality of first spaced viscous materials formed on one side thereof and including at least one first transmission area, a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, having a plurality of second spaced viscous materials formed on one side thereof facing the first substrate and including at least one second transmission area corresponding to the first transmission area, a light emitting unit arranged to correspond to the first transmission area on the other side of the first substrate and emitting light, and a light receiving unit arranged to correspond to the second transmission area on the other side of the second substrate. The microneedle manufacturing apparatus checks whether the first substrate and the second substrate are aligned according to whether the light receiving unit receives light emitted from the light emitting unit.

Abstract: A spatial disturbance that occurs when an access is concentrated in a specific memory area in a volatile semiconductor memory like DRAM is properly solved by a memory controller. The memory controller includes a concentration access detection part generating a concentration access detection signal when an address for accessing a specific memory area among memory areas of volatile semiconductor memory is concentratedly received. In the case that the concentration access detection signal is generated, the memory controller includes a controller for easing or preventing corruption of data which memory cells of the specific memory area and/or memory cells of memory areas adjacent to the specific memory area hold.

Abstract: The present disclosure allows removal of the influence by an unstable pixel power voltage by generating or selectively using a gamma voltage according to a gamma reference voltage variable depending on the level of the pixel power voltage.