Abstract: Processes for preparing oxymorphone are provided. Said processes encompass a step which is a hydrogenation of an 14-hydroxymorphinone salt in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid and/or a glycol.

Abstract: An organic-inorganic composite, including: a discontinuous phase having a plurality of adjacent and similarly oriented fibers of an inorganic material; and a continuous organic phase having a thermoplastic polymer, such that the continuous organic phase surrounds the plurality of adjacent and similarly oriented fibers of the inorganic material, and the organic-inorganic composite is a plurality of adjacent and similarly oriented fibers of inorganic material contained within a similarly oriented host fiber of the thermoplastic polymer. Also disclosed are methods of making and using the composite.

Abstract: A valvetrain includes a rocker arm assembly having an electromagnetic latch housed in a chamber formed by a rocker arm. The chamber may be a retrofit hydraulic chamber. A flux shifting bi-stable latch provides a sufficiently compact design. Isolation of the magnetic elements within the rocker arm chamber may provide protection from metal particles carried by oil in an operating environment for the rocker arm assembly. Wiring connections to the rocker arms may be made through spring posts on the rocker arms. Connection to the rocker arms may be made with springs that can endure the rapid motion induced by the rocker arms. A wiring harness for the rocker arms may attach to hydraulic lash adjusters of the rocker arm assemblies. The rocker arm assemblies and their wiring may be formed into a unitary module that facilitates installation.

Abstract: An on-vehicle system for assessing an operator's efficiency of a vehicle, include sensors, an audiovisual display device, a processor and a data storage. The sensors measure or detect conditions of components of the vehicle, and convert the detected conditions into analog or digital information. The data storage stores program instructions, the analog or digital information from the sensors, and other data. The program instructions, when executed by the processor, control the on-vehicle system to determine a state of the vehicle within a vehicle's environment based on the analog or digital information from the sensors, determine whether one or more of a predetermined set of behaviors has occurred based on the determined state of a vehicle, assess performance of the determined one or more of the predetermined set of behaviors, and present the operator, via the audiovisual display device, a feedback based on the assessment.

Abstract: Processes for preparing oxymorphone are provided. Said processes encompass a step which is a hydrogenation of an 14-hydroxymorphinone salt in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid and/or a glycol.

Abstract: An on-vehicle system for assessing an operator's efficiency of a vehicle, include sensors, an audiovisual display device, a processor and a data storage. The sensors measure or detect conditions of components of the vehicle, and convert the detected conditions into analog or digital information. The data storage stores program instructions, the analog or digital information from the sensors, and other data. The program instructions, when executed by the processor, control the on-vehicle system to determine a state of the vehicle within a vehicle's environment based on the analog or digital information from the sensors, determine whether one or more of a predetermined set of behaviors has occurred based on the determined state of a vehicle, assess performance of the determined one or more of the predetermined set of behaviors, and present the operator, via the audiovisual display device, a feedback based on the assessment.

Abstract: An on-vehicle system for assessing an operator's efficiency of a vehicle, include sensors, an audiovisual display device, a processor and a data storage. The sensors measure or detect conditions of components of the vehicle, and convert the detected conditions into analog or digital information. The data storage stores program instructions, the analog or digital information from the sensors, and other data. The program instructions, when executed by the processor, control the on-vehicle system to determine a state of the vehicle within a vehicle's environment based on the analog or digital information from the sensors, determine whether one or more of a predetermined set of behaviors has occurred based on the determined state of a vehicle, assess performance of the determined one or more of the predetermined set of behaviors, and present the operator, via the audiovisual display device, a feedback based on the assessment.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring at least one of temperature and pressure within a cylinder of an internal combustion engine can include an engine valve and a sensor. The internal combustion engine can include a valvetrain having rocker arm assembly, a camshaft, a valve, and a hydraulic lash adjuster. The engine valve can have a valve head and a valve stem extending from the valve head in an axial direction. The valve head can have a valve face configured to be in pressure communication with an engine cylinder. The valve stem can have an outer surface with a cylindrical portion and a variably-shaped portion. The variably-shaped portion can define a target detectable by the sensor and the sensor can be installed adjacent to the target. Alternatively, the sensor can be positioned to detect a level of force at some point along the valvetrain.

Abstract: Systems and methods for transaction/file-based management of a plurality of processes associated with various jobs are provided. Through the management of discrete applications, a file distribution manager/scheduler orchestrates automated execution of different types of jobs. The processes executed for the various processes can vary based on job type, or other parameters.

Abstract: An on-vehicle system for assessing an operator's efficiency of a vehicle, include sensors, an audiovisual display device, a processor and a data storage. The sensors measure or detect conditions of components of the vehicle, and convert the detected conditions into analog or digital information. The data storage stores program instructions, the analog or digital information from the sensors, and other data. The program instructions, when executed by the processor, control the on-vehicle system to determine a state of the vehicle within a vehicle's environment based on the analog or digital information from the sensors, determine whether one or more of a predetermined set of behaviors has occurred based on the determined state of a vehicle, assess performance of the determined one or more of the predetermined set of behaviors, and present the operator, via the audiovisual display device, a feedback based on the assessment.

Abstract: A valvetrain includes a rocker arm assembly having a rocker arm and an electromagnetic latch assembly. A magnet of the latch assembly is housed within a chamber formed by the rocker arm. The chamber may be a retrofit hydraulic chamber. The magnet may be an electromagnet or a permanent magnet. A flux shifting bi-stable latch provides a sufficiently compact design. Isolation of the magnet within the rocker arm chamber may provide protection from metal particles carried by oil in an operating environment for the rocker arm assembly.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cam-actuated rocker arm assembly with a solenoid-actuated latch that provides for cylinder deactivation or variable valve actuation. The solenoid is in a position where its inductance varies significantly in relation to the position of a latch pin as it translates between latching and non-latching configurations. A sensor is positioned to monitor a current or a voltage in a circuit that includes the solenoid. The sensor data is analyzed to provide diagnostic information relating to the operation of the rocker arm assembly.

Abstract: A valvetrain for an internal combustion engine of the type that has a combustion chamber, a moveable valve having a seat formed in the combustion chamber, and a camshaft includes a rocker arm assembly, a pivot providing a fulcrum for a rocker arm of the rocker arm assembly, and a latch assembly. An electrical device mounted to the rocker arm assembly receives power or communicates through a circuit that includes an electrical connection formed by abutment between surfaces of two distinct parts. The rocker arm assembly is operative to move one of the two abutting surfaces relative to the other in response to actuation of the cam follower. Forming an electrical connection through abutting surfaces that are free to undergo relative motion may reduce or eliminate the need to run wires to a mobile portion of the rocker arm assembly.

Abstract: Systems and methods for transaction/file-based management of a plurality of processes associated with various jobs are provided. Through the management of discrete applications, a file distribution manager/scheduler orchestrates automated execution of different types of jobs. The processes executed for the various processes can vary based on job type, or other parameters.

Abstract: Processes for preparing oxymorphone are provided. Said processes encompass a step which is a hydrogenation of an 14-hydroxymorphinone salt in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid and/or a glycol.

Abstract: Processes for preparing oxycodone are provided. Said processes encompass a step which is a hydrogenation of an 14-hydroxycodeinone salt in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid and/or a glycol.

Abstract: A switching rocker arm assembly constructed in accordance to one example of the present teachings includes an outer arm, an inner arm, a bearing axle and a pivot axle. The outer arm can have a first outer side arm and a second outer side arm. The outer arm can define outer bores. The inner arm can have a first inner side arm and a second inner side arm. The inner arm can be disposed between the first and second outer side arms. The inner arm can define inner bores. The bearing axle can support a bearing. One of the bearing axle and pivot axle comprises (i) a central axle body having a central centerline, (ii) a first axle end body having a first centerline and (iii) a second axle end body having a second centerline. The central centerline is offset from at least one of the first and second centerlines.

Abstract: A reinforced resin composition may include a polycarbonate, a functionalizing agent, and an inorganic filler that has been functionalized with the functionalizing agent, the functionalized inorganic filler being present in an amount ranging from 1 to 25 percent by weight of the resin composition. The reinforced resin may exhibit a melt flow index of 25 or less, when measured at a load of 1.2 kg, after allowing the resin to remain at a temperature of 300° C. for 10 minutes. A method of reducing thermal degradation of a reinforced polycarbonate material may include introducing into said polycarbonate material at least one inorganic filler functionalized with a functionalizing agent, such that the reinforced resin exhibits a melt flow index of 25 or less, when measured at a load of 1.2 kg, after allowing the resin to remain at a temperature of 300° C. for 10 minutes.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a valvetrain that includes a rocker arm assembly on which is mounted an electronic device and at least a part of a generator. The generator converts some of the mechanical energy that is transmitted through the rocker arm assemblies into electricity. That electricity may be used to power an electric latch, a transmitter, or another type of rocker arm assembly-mounted electrical device. Various generator configurations are described. In some configurations, the generator is piezoelectric. In other configurations, the generator is electromagnetic. In some configurations, the generator is driven by force transmitted by the rocker arm assembly from a cam. In some configurations, the generator is driven by vibrations.