Abstract: Provided are touch screen panels with improved transmittance and methods of fabricating the same. the method may include preparing a substrate including a cell region and an interconnection region provided around the cell region, sequentially forming a first buffer layer and a second buffer layer on the substrate, the second buffer layer having a refractive index less than that of the first buffer layer, and forming a transparent electrode on the second buffer layer. The second buffer layer is formed of a SiOC material.

Abstract: A method of transmitting and receiving a specific reference signal in single point transmission and multi-point transmission is disclosed. The specific reference signal transmission method includes determining specific reference signal transmission resources for at least one terminal targeted for transmission, and transmitting the specific reference signal using the determined transmission resources and notifying of information for a layer used by the terminal. The specific reference signal transmission method includes determining specific reference signal reception resources, receiving the information for the layer used by the terminal from a serving cell base station, and receiving the specific reference signal using the information for determined transmission resources and the layer. Therefore, the terminal can recognize a position and a sequence of the specific reference signal.

Abstract: An analog to digital converter in accordance with the inventive concept may include a reference voltage generation circuit outputting first and second reference voltages; a decompression part decompressing amplitude of an analog input signal and the first and second reference voltages; a flash ADC converting the decompressed analog input signal into a first digital signal with reference to the decompressed first and second reference voltages; and a successive approximation ADC converting the analog input signal into a second digital signal according to a successive approximation operation with reference to the first digital signal and the first and second reference voltages.

Abstract: A network security state visualization scheme is suitable for collecting security events existing in a network, analyzing the security events, categorizing and contracting the analyzed security events into attack state information, and visualizing the attack state information as a three-dimensional (3D) screen to display the visualized information on a display panel. Unlike the related art where security events are expressed from the viewpoint of IPs, this scheme normalizes collected security event information, analyzes the normalized information, categorizes and contracts the analyzed information into the attack state information, extracts visualization target data, visualizes the visualization target data as the 3D screen, and displays the visualized 3D screen on the display panel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mobile terminal capable of measuring an altitude and an altitude measurement method using the mobile terminal. The mobile terminal capable of measuring an altitude includes a barometric pressure information reception unit for receiving barometric pressure information, a barometric pressure correction unit for calculating a bias barometric pressure using the barometric pressure information received by the barometric pressure information reception unit, and a barometric pressure sensor for outputting a corrected barometric pressure to which the bias barometric pressure is applied.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a lithium battery. The method of manufacturing the lithium battery includes providing a anode part including a anode collector, a anode layer, and a anode electrolyte layer which are successively stacked on a first pouch film, providing a cathode part including a cathode collector, a cathode layer, and a cathode electrolyte layer which are successively stacked on a second pouch film, and sealing the first and second pouch films to couple the anode part to the cathode part.

Abstract: A lithium battery binder composition in accordance with some example embodiments of the inventive concept may include a lithium ion polymer, an inorganic particle and an organic solution in which a lithium salt is dissolved. The lithium ion polymer may be a cellulosic polymer having sulfonic acid lithium salt or carboxylic acid lithium salt functional group. The lithium ion polymer may be manufactured by substituting hydroxyl group or carboxylic group of cellulosic polymer. The lithium battery binder composition may be used to at least one of an electrolyte, a cathode layer and an anode layer.

Abstract: An organic/inorganic hybrid electrolyte includes inorganic particles, a first polymer surrounding the inorganic particles, a second polymer having a network structure and surrounding the first polymer, and an organic solution. In the organic/inorganic hybrid electrolyte, ions may be transferred to the organic solution through the first polymer and/or the second polymer. As the inorganic particles are distributed to be provided, they may be involved in transferring ions in the organic/inorganic hybrid electrolyte. The organic/inorganic hybrid electrolyte may have high ionic conductivity while ensuring stability and mechanical strength.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a location measurement method and apparatus. The apparatus includes a first grading unit, a first presumed line calculation unit, a second grading unit, a second presumed lined calculating unit, a presumed location calculation unit, and a final location calculation unit. The first grading unit determines the grade of a first RSSI. The first presumed line calculation unit calculates the range of the object from a first node based on the grade of the first RSSI. The second grading unit determines the grade of a second RSSI. The second presumed lined calculating unit calculates the range of the object from a second node based on the grade of the second RSSI. The presumed location calculation unit calculates two presumed locations. The final location calculation unit determines one of the two presumed locations to be the final location of the object.

Abstract: Provided are reflective liquid crystal displays and methods of fabricating the same. the displays may include may include a first substrate, a reflective layer on the first substrate, a first electrodes on the reflective layer, a first insulating layer on the first electrodes, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a second electrode on the second substrate, a second insulating layer on the second electrode, and a liquid crystal layer between the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer. The second insulating layer has concavo-convex portions, which may be formed in contact with the liquid crystal layer to improve linearity of an incident light propagating from the second substrate toward the reflective layer and a reflected light propagating from the reflective layer toward the second substrate.

Abstract: There is provided a method for acquiring and modifying uplink and downlink synchronization, by which, if there is a possibility of ISI occurring due to incorrect downlink synchronization of a terminal with a base station, the terminal receives a ranging response from the base station, modifies incorrect downlink synchronization, and acquires uplink synchronization in accordance with modified downlink synchronization. The method for acquiring and modifying uplink and downlink synchronization efficiently prevents, in a cooperative communication network, discrepancy in signal transmission synchronization between the base stations, excessive attenuation of a transmitted signal, or a delay caused by a difference in reflection paths.

Abstract: Provided is an electrochromic device with a solar cell. The device may include first and second substrates spaced apart from and facing each other, an electrolytic layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first electrode between the first substrate and the electrolytic layer, a second electrode between the second substrate and the electrolytic layer, an electrochromic layer between the first electrode and the electrolytic layer, and a counter electrode between the second electrode and the electrolytic layer. The counter electrode may be a silicon solar cell.

Abstract: A home cloud gateway apparatus that is connected to an indoor home network and that provides a service to a client that connects through the network includes an Internet interface unit, a phone exchange unit, a storage unit that stores a virtual computer module, and an authentication processor. The home cloud gateway apparatus provides a virtual computer service by activating the virtualization module that is stored at the storage unit, and provides a phone call service through the Internet and a phone call service through the Internet and a phone network using the Internet interface unit and the phone exchange unit.

Abstract: A device-to-device (D2D) communication method in a wireless mobile communication system is provided. A channel state measurement method for adaptive transmission of cellular network-based D2D communication, a data transmission/reception method of D2D communication, and a power control method for transmission power control of a D2D link in the D2D communication are provided. Specifically, cellular network-based D2D communication methods optimized for a Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) system are provided. The above-described methods are also applicable to various cellular mobile communication systems as well as the 3GPP LTE system.

Abstract: The apparatus includes a first frequency conversion unit that converts a radio frequency (RF) signal of a first satellite into an intermediate frequency (IF) signal, a signal processing unit that acquires signal processing information by performing signal tracking with respect to the converted IF signal, a jamming determination unit that determines whether a jamming signal is generated based on the acquired signal processing information, and a signal complex processing unit that performs signal processing with respect to an RF signal of a second satellite based on the signal processing information to thereby generate a navigation message of the first satellite when the jamming signal is generated. Accordingly, a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver that is installed in a fixed point may acquire stable visual information even in an environment in which a jamming signal is generated.

Abstract: Disclosed are a solar cell having a fan structure that provides a more pleasant life, convenience, and stability by forming, in a fan structure, a flexible colour solar cell applied with a carbon dioxide absorption material, and configuring the formed flexible colour solar cell through convergence of information technology, and an electronic application apparatus using the same. The electronic application apparatus using a solar cell as a power source includes: an application device body portion including a both side supporter fixed to ground, a transmitter including an antenna capable of transmitting power and data, and a data screen to thereby provide a predetermined service; and the solar cell provided in an upper end of the application device body portion, to colour using a predetermined wavelength of light, and to perform solar power generation using a remaining wavelength of light.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cellular communication system allowing direct communication between terminals within a cell or simultaneous transmission and reception of signals between a base station and the terminals through a repeater to be made by introducing a universal link, and a communication method thereof. The communication method of the cellular communication system includes: transmitting, by a base station, universal link setting information and a transmission control signal to a first terminal within a cell, transmitting, by the base station, the universal link setting information and a reception control signal to a second terminal within the cell, and directly transmitting/receiving, by the first and second terminals, signals through the universal link.

Abstract: In a direction control antenna, a plurality of impedance elements are connected between a ground body and a radiator, a plurality of switches are connected between each impedance element and the ground body, and on/off of a plurality of switches is controlled according to a control instruction from the outside. In this case, by the turned-on switch, a radiation direction and a radiation form are determined according to short circuit positions of the radiator that is short-circuited to the ground body and the number of short circuit positions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method and apparatus for generating multiband Radio Frequency (RF) signals in maritime wireless communication. The apparatus includes a baseband conversion unit, a phase compensation unit, a Direct Current (DC) offset compensation unit, and an RF transmission unit. The baseband conversion unit converts RF signals corresponding to a baseband modulation signal having a negative frequency and a baseband modulation signal having a positive frequency into baseband signals, respectively. The phase compensation unit eliminates the images of multiband signals so as to correspond to the baseband signals. The DC offset compensation unit compensates the baseband modulation signals for DC offsets using the multiband signals from which the images have been eliminated The RF transmission unit generates the RF signals using the signals which have been compensated for the DC offsets, and sends the RF signals via an antenna.

Abstract: An X-ray tube is provided. The X-ray tube includes a cathode electrode which is disposed in one end of a vacuum container and includes an emitter emitting an electron; a gate electrode which is disposed in the vacuum container to be adjacent to the cathode electrode; an anode electrode which is disposed in the vacuum container of the other end of a direction in which the vacuum container extends and inclines with respect to the cathode electrode; and a focusing electrode which is disposed in the vacuum container along an inner circumference surface of the vacuum container between the gate electrode and the anode electrode. The focusing electrode has an opening of which a plan cross section has a maximum width and a minimum width different from each other.