Abstract: The present invention relates to a centrifuge rotor, in particular a laboratory centrifuge rotor, including a rotor body, wherein the rotor body at least partially includes a porous metal or a porous metal alloy and an armoring located radially outside with respect to the rotation axis of the rotor body is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a centrifuge rotor, in particular a laboratory centrifuge rotor, including a rotor body, wherein the rotor body at least partially includes a porous metal or a porous metal alloy and an armoring located radially outside with respect to the rotation axis of said rotor body is provided. The centrifuge rotor allows centrifugation to be performed in a shorter time than previously and at a higher rotational speed. This results, inter alia, in higher RCA (relative centrifugal acceleration) values and thus in a very rapid separation of the constituents of the substances to be centrifuged.

Abstract: A method for producing steel products (1) with optimum surface quality wherein the molten steel (1b) is produced in a process route (10, 100; 12; 13) that is selected according to a desired final microstructure (9), by melting in a furnace (2b) with an electrode system (31), and in a vacuum degassing system; or by melting in a furnace installation (35) or an individual furnace vessel (30), in a ladle furnace (25), and in a differential-pressure vacuum degassing system (43); or by melting in a furnace (2b) with additions of alloying materials (26), a partial-quantity degassing in the ladle furnace (25), or a vacuum degassing system (27) and a ladle degassing (27).

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an installation for producing steel products (1) having an optimum surface quality, especially extremely low carbon contents (UCL steel or IF steel), nitrogen contents, total oxygen contents, high-strength or stainless steel qualities.

Abstract: A method for producing steel products (1) with optimum surface quality wherein the molten steel (1b) is produced in a process route (10, 100; 12; 13) that is selected according to a desired final microstructure (9), by melting in a furnace (2b) with an electrode system (31), and in a vacuum degassing system; or by melting in a furnace installation (35) or an individual furnace vessel (30), in a ladle furnace (25), and in a differential-pressure vacuum degassing system (43); or by melting in a furnace (2b) with additions of alloying materials (26), a partial-quantity degassing in the ladle furnace (25), or a vacuum degassing system (27) and a ladle degassing (27).

Abstract: In one aspect the present invention provides a method of recovering gold from each of at least two different refractory gold-bearing sulfidic mineral materials. A first mineral material is subjected to biooxidation pretreatment to release gold locked within sulfide minerals. The biooxidation produces an acidic biooxidation liquor effluent that contains significant dissolved iron in the ferric form. All or a portion of the biooxidation liquor effluent is used as an acidic treatment liquid to treat the second mineral material, which contains acid-consuming minerals. During the treatment, acid-consuming minerals react with the acidic solution, raising solution pH and resulting in reduced solubility and precipitation of dissolved iron and other metals. Also during the treating, sulfides in the second mineral material or oxidized, thereby releasing gold for subsequent recovery.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an installation for producing steel products (1) having an optimum surface quality, especially extremely low carbon contents (UCL steel or IF steel), nitrogen contents, total oxygen contents, high-strength or stainless steel qualities.

Abstract: In one aspect the present invention provides a method of recovering gold from each of at least two different refractory gold-bearing sulfidic mineral materials. A first mineral material is subjected to biooxidation pretreatment to release gold locked within sulfide minerals. The biooxidation produces an acidic biooxidation liquor effluent that contains significant dissolved iron in the ferric form. All or a portion of the biooxidation liquor effluent is used as an acidic treatment liquid to treat the second mineral material, which contains acid-consuming minerals. During the treatment, acid-consuming minerals react with the acidic solution, raising solution pH and resulting in reduced solubility and precipitation of dissolved iron and other metals. Also during the treating, sulfides in the second mineral material or oxidized, thereby releasing gold for subsequent recovery.

Abstract: A cooled continuous casting mold for casting metal, in particular steel, in slab format and having, in particular, a thickness between 40 and 400 mm and a width from 200 mm to 3,500 mm, with mold walls formed of plates in which cooling medium channels for cooling are formed, is so improved that the thermal loading over the mold profile is uniform and, therefore, the hot face temperature of the liquid metal level may be reduced, and to this end, a width (26.1) of the cooling medium channels (29) is reduced, in a casting direction dependent on a thermal flow profile (2.1), over a mold height (13) from a mold inlet (13.1) to a mold outlet (13.2).

Abstract: A system provided in a high-speed continuous casting plant for casting a metallic strand for automatically operating the high-speed continuous casting plant. In the system, the stopping or slide movement, the modification of the steel level, the heat currents through the mold walls, the temperature of the liquid metal and the drawing-off speed are measured over the casting time, supplied to a computer and compared with predetermined limit values for an automatic operating mode.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for cooling the copper plates (1.1) of a continuous casting ingot mould (1) for liquid metals, especially liquid steel, comprising an ingot mould coolant (2) which is guided in cooling channels.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for optimizing the cooling capacity of a continuous casting mold (1) for liquid metals, particularly for liquid steel, by homogenizing the thermal load (22) above the height of the continuous casting mold (1). According to the method, the cooling medium (5) is guided through a cross-sectional area of a large number of cooling medium channels (3) or cooling medium boreholes (4) running approximately parallel to the cast billet (9). The cooling medium cross-sectional areas between the mold entry (6) and the mold exit (7) are configured differently.

Abstract: A system provided in a high-speed continuous casting plant for casting a metallic strand for automatically operating the high-speed continuous casting plant. In the system, the stopping or slide movement, the modification of the steel level, the heat currents through the mold walls, the temperature of the liquid metal and the drawing-off speed are measured over the casting time, supplied to a computer and compared with predetermined limit values for an automatic operating mode.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for automatically opening a high-speed continuous casting plant According to said method the stopping or slide movement, the modification of the steel level, the heat currents through the mold walls, the temperature of the liquid metal and the drawing-off speed are measured over the casting time, supplied to a computer and compared with predetermined limit values for an automatic operating mode.

Abstract: For a further development a device for continuous casting of metal, in particular steel, with a metal mold with mold walls (1,18) and a mold cooling device and which can remove high thermal flows and can be subjected to thermal loads and, thereble, is suitable for use at high speeds, at least one mold wall (1,18) of the mold of this device should include a steel wall (2) and a support mesh (3) for this wall and the device further should be provided with magnetic field generator (3.2) for generating a magnetic field (3.1) acting on the mold steel wall (2) via the support mesh (3) for attracting the mold steel wall (2) to the support mesh (3), with the mold cooling device comprising spray cooling means.

Abstract: For a further development a device for continuous casting of metal, in particular steel, with a metal mold with mold walls (1,18) and a mold cooling device and which can remove high thermal flows and can be subjected to thermal loads and, thereby, is suitable for use at high speeds, at least one mold wall (1,18) of the mold of this device should include a steel wall (2) and a support mesh (3) for this wall and the device further should be provided with magnetic field generator (3.2) for generating a magnetic field (3.1) acting on the mold steel wall (2) via the support mesh (3) for attracting the mold steel wall (2) to the support mesh (3), with the mold cooling device comprising spray cooling means.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method, which is used in the area of secondary metallurgy (4) in its entirety with a final temperature-determining process step (4.1) such as a ladle furnace, for controlling the temperature of steel from the surface of the bath of a continuous casting ingot mold (1) up to the furnace tap (5) of a steel producing process. According to the invention, the temperature of the steel in the surface of the bath is controlled based on the equation TML=TLI+X° C. (X=5-15° C. and while respecting the same such that a jump in temperature (9) between the surface of the bath in the ingot mold (1) and a distributor (3) is detected according to the pouring rate (6) for a predetermined billet size.

Abstract: A method of producing products of carbon steel or stainless steel in an electrical arc furnace-converter (8) with two metallurgical vessels (9; 10), wherein during melting, an electrode system (11) pivots above each vessel (9; 10), and during oxidation with oxygen, in each vessel, a top lance (12) and one or more side lances (13) are introduced, and wherein an immediate quality change from carbon melt to stainless melt or vice versa is effected by oxidation with oxygen with top lance (12) and/or by oxidation with oxygen with at least one side lance (13) or in reverse order during tapping periods which depend on operation of an immediately adjoining continuous casting machine (18), makes a time-independent change of the melting sequence possible.

Abstract: A process and a continuous casting installation for the production of thin slabs, preferably of steel with a predetermined solidification thickness of, e.g., 50 mm, in which an optimum surface quality and internal quality of the strand with minimal and predetermined solidification thickness and plant capacity, and accordingly minimal rolling effort, is achieved by a qualitative adjustment of casting and rolling in the region of the strand guide, oscillation of the casting mold by a hydraulically operated lifting platform, feeding of casting powder to the mold, and an immersion nozzle with a specific cross sectional area of flow relating to the process and continuous casting installation, resulting in a satisfactory supply of casting slag and bath movement in the cast surface compared with a standard slab with a thickness of 200 mm.

Abstract: A method for producing coated strands of metal includes guiding a metal strand through the bottom of a vessel filled with a molten mass of the same or different composition as the metal strip, wherein the residence time of the metal strand is selected as a function of at least one of the molten bath level, the casting speed, the metal strand thickness, and the preheating temperature of the metal strand such that the deposited molten mass on the metal strand has a desired thickness of several times the initial thickness of the metal strand. After exiting from the molten bath, the metal strand with a layer crystallized thereon is subjected to a smoothing path carried out when the surface temperature of the strand crystallized thereon is smaller than the solidus temperature of the molten bath, so that at least the surface of the layer crystallized thereon is solidified. The crystallized layer is applied with a thickness which exceeds the desired final thickness of the coated strand.