Abstract: A support frame assembly for holding a plurality of battery cells includes a first end frame having a first plurality of protruding strips, a second end frame having a second plurality of protruding strips, and a structural frame having a plurality of grooves for receiving the first plurality of protruding strips and the second plurality of protruding strips. The first end frame and the second end frame attach to the structural frame to hold a first battery cell, a second battery cell and a foam pad positioned between the first battery cell and the second battery cell. The structural frame has curved features therein for receiving a cooling assembly and a chamfered slot for receiving a cooling fin from the cooling assembly. The support frame assembly also includes interlocking features that mate to another support frame with a gap defined between adjacent support frames.

Abstract: An ion manipulation method and device to prevent loss of ions is disclosed. The device includes a pair of surfaces. An inner array of electrodes is coupled to the surfaces. A RF voltage and a DC voltage are alternately applied to the inner array of electrodes. The applied RF voltage is alternately positive and negative so that immediately adjacent or nearest neighbor RF applied electrodes are supplied with RF signals that are approximately 180 degrees out of phase.

Abstract: A cooling system includes a cooling plate configured to abut a battery cell. A heat sink is in thermal communication with the cooling plate by at least one carbon fiber brush, the carbon fiber brush coupled to one of the cooling plate and the heat sink and flexible at a free end.

Abstract: An ion manipulation method and device is disclosed. The device includes a pair of substantially parallel surfaces. An array of inner electrodes is contained within, and extends substantially along the length of, each parallel surface. The device includes a first outer array of electrodes and a second outer array of electrodes. Each outer array of electrodes is positioned on either side of the inner electrodes, and is contained within and extends substantially along the length of each parallel surface. A DC voltage is applied to the first and second outer array of electrodes. A RF voltage, with a superimposed electric field, is applied to the inner electrodes by applying the DC voltages to each electrode. Ions either move between the parallel surfaces within an ion confinement area or along paths in the direction of the electric field, or can be trapped in the ion confinement area.

Abstract: An ion manipulation method and device is disclosed. The device includes a pair of substantially parallel surfaces. An array of inner electrodes is contained within, and extends substantially along the length of, each parallel surface. The device includes a first outer array of electrodes and a second outer array of electrodes. Each outer array of electrodes is positioned on either side of the inner electrodes, and is contained within and extends substantially along the length of each parallel surface. A DC voltage is applied to the first and second outer array of electrodes. A RF voltage, with a superimposed electric field, is applied to the inner electrodes by applying the DC voltages to each electrode. Ions either move between the parallel surfaces within an ion confinement area or along paths in the direction of the electric field, or can be trapped in the ion confinement area.

Abstract: This invention relates to wood preservatives containing copper complexes and calcium ions, zinc ions or calcium and zinc ions for protection of wood, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignocellulose, cellulosic materials and articles derived from cellulosic materials from decay caused by fungi. The calcium ions, zinc ions, or calcium and zinc ions improve the penetration of copper preservative agent into the interior of a treated material or article.

Abstract: An ion manipulation method and device is disclosed. The device includes a pair of substantially parallel surfaces. An array of inner electrodes is contained within, and extends substantially along the length of, each parallel surface. The device includes a first outer array of electrodes and a second outer array of electrodes. Each outer array of electrodes is positioned on either side of the inner electrodes, and is contained within and extends substantially along the length of each parallel surface. A DC voltage is applied to the first and second outer array of electrodes. A RF voltage, with a superimposed electric field, is applied to the inner electrodes by applying the DC voltages to each electrode. Ions either move between the parallel surfaces within an ion confinement area or along paths in the direction of the electric field, or can be trapped in the ion confinement area.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments include method of sealing battery cooling plates, and methods of assembling battery using battery cooling plate racks and a single component including multiple cooling plates and connection portions therebetween.

Abstract: A battery module is described. The battery module includes a plurality of battery cells; a plurality of cooling fin assemblies, each cooling fin assembly positioned between two battery cells, the cooling fin assemblies comprising at least one cooling fin and a foot on at least one side of the cooling fin assemblies, the foot having a bottom and interlocking profiles on each end, the interlocking profiles on adjacent feet of the cooling fin assemblies interlocking the feet and forming a surface; and a heat sink contacting the surface of the interlocked feet. A method of cooling a battery module is also described.

Abstract: An ion manipulation method and device is disclosed. The device includes a pair of substantially parallel surfaces. An array of inner electrodes is contained within, and extends substantially along the length of, each parallel surface. The device includes a first outer array of electrodes and a second outer array of electrodes. Each outer array of electrodes is positioned on either side of the inner electrodes, and is contained within and extends substantially along the length of each parallel surface. A DC voltage is applied to the first and second outer array of electrodes. A RF voltage, with a superimposed electric field, is applied to the inner electrodes by applying the DC voltages to each electrode. Ions either move between the parallel surfaces within an ion confinement area or along paths in the direction of the electric field, or can be trapped in the ion confinement area.

Abstract: A method of dissociating ions in a multipole ion guide is disclosed. A stream of charged ions is supplied to the ion guide. A main RF field is applied to the ion guide to confine the ions through the ion guide. An excitation RF field is applied to one pair of rods of the ion guide. The ions undergo dissociation when the applied excitation RF field is resonant with a secular frequency of the ions. The multipole ion guide is, but not limited to, a quadrupole, a hexapole, and an octopole.

Abstract: A battery pack assembly. Each assembly includes a battery cell and a cooling fin assembly positioned in thermal communication with the battery cell for thermal cooling thereof. The cooling fin assembly includes a generally planar cooling fin defining a compliant structure and at least one foot defining a flat surface along an edge of the cooling fin. A heat sink and a frame structure contain the battery cells and the cooling fin assemblies such that upon placement of the cooling fin assemblies and the battery cells in the frame structure, a substantial entirety of the flat surfaces of the feet of the cooling fin assemblies are aligned to define a generally planar surface with which to thermally engage the heat sink. A vehicle propulsion system having a battery pack assembly and methods of assembling a battery pack assembly is also described.

Abstract: This invention relates to wood preservatives containing copper complexes that significantly reduce the decay of wood, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin caused by fungi and insects. The copper complexes include a chelating compound that has amide functional groups derived from hydration of a cyanoethylated compound or carboxylic acid functional groups derived from hydrolysis of a cyanoethylated compound, or both types of groups.

Abstract: Systems and apparatus for securing a battery within a vehicle, such as a battery for an electric vehicle. In some embodiments, a vehicle battery system may be provided that comprises a battery frame for housing a vehicle battery. A tray may be provided that is configured for receiving the battery frame housing the vehicle battery. One or more securement members may be coupled with the tray and configured to engage an upper surface of a portion, such as a foot section, of the battery. The securement member(s) may be configured to engage the battery so as to at least substantially prevent the battery from moving relative to the tray. The securement member may thereby accommodate batteries of different sizes to allow for decreased tolerance requirements.

Abstract: A battery assembly includes a casing with a casing wall having inner and outer surfaces and an opening therethrough and being shaped such that a coolant chamber is formed within the casing adjacent to the opening. A sleeve including a compressible material is inserted through the opening. The sleeve is shaped such that a sealing portion thereof is positioned over the outer surface of the casing wall. A battery cell is inserted into the sleeve such that at least a portion of the battery cell is positioned within the coolant chamber. A sealing member is coupled to the casing such that a force is applied onto the sealing portion of the sleeve causing the sealing portion of the sleeve to at least partially compress and seal the coolant chamber.

Abstract: A method for gathering information from battery sensors—for instance, information regarding the state-of-charge (SOC), temperature and/or other characteristics of battery cells in a vehicle battery pack—and using that information to estimate or predict battery degradation or state-of-health (SOH). According to an exemplary embodiment, the method uses both a time-based algorithm and an event-based algorithm to predict or estimate battery degradation. The event-based algorithm may select certain data from the battery conditions (e.g., a state-of-charge (SOC) swing (?SOC) or an SOC maximum (SOCMax)), instead of using the entire set of battery condition data, and may use this information in its prediction or estimate.

Abstract: A cooling system includes a cooling plate configured to abut a battery cell. A heat sink is in thermal communication with the cooling plate by at least one carbon fiber brush coupled to at least one of the cooling plate and the heat sink. The cooling system may be employed in a battery pack for a propulsion system of an electric vehicle.

Abstract: A frame assembly for a battery package includes a frame body and a pair of frame covers. The frame body has a first recess, a second recess, and a central aperture. The central aperture is disposed between the first recess and the second recess. The first recess is configured to receive a first battery cell. The second recess is configured to receive a second battery cell. The central aperture is configured to receive an expansion unit. Each of the frame covers is disposed adjacent one of the first recess and the second recess. The frame covers hold the first battery cell, the second battery cell, and the expansion unit within the frame body.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment includes a method of sealing battery cooling plates.

Abstract: This invention relates to wood preservatives containing copper complexes and calcium ions, zinc ions or calcium and zinc ions for protection of wood, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignocellulose, cellulosic materials and articles derived from cellulosic materials from decay caused by fungi. The calcium ions, zinc ions, or calcium and zinc ions improve the penetration of copper preservative agent into the interior of a treated material or article.