Abstract: A lithium air battery cell includes an anode having lithium, a cathode having a Ag2Mn8O16 catalyst, and an electrolyte comprising a lithium salt. A cathode for a lithium air battery cell and a lithium air battery with a cathode including buckypaper and a Ag2Mn8O16 catalyst are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides luminescent solid-state compositions comprising difluoroboron beta-diketonates wherein the compositions can exhibit mechanochromic luminescence. The mechanochromic effect on the luminescence can be reversible, such as thermally reversible. Various solid-state forms of the invention can have emission spectra that differ from the properties of the respective difluoroboron beta-diketonate in solution. The mechanochromic effect can be stimulated by pressure such as handwriting, and can be reversed over a period of minutes to hours at room temperature. The invention also provides methods of making and methods of using the solid-state compositions, such as for sensors and for information displays for use in biological sensing, and in art, design, and consumer products.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for verifying debugging aspects of integrated circuit (IC) designs. In one aspect, an IP provider(s) can use the same process that isolated IP defect(s) to demonstrate to the customer (whether an IC designer or an IP consumer such as a smartphone manufacturer) that the debugging was successful, and that errors in operation will not recur. In another aspect, the invention provides a facility that enables the IP provider to demonstrate to an IP consumer that a repaired IP component will work under a sufficiently broad set of circumstances, without that demonstration revealing the provider's proprietary IP to the consumer.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for debugging aspects of integrated circuit (IC) designs employ techniques by which defective intellectual property (IP) in those IC designs can be exercised, and defects identified, without disturbing the IP itself, but at the same time isolating the source of the defect(s) to the responsible IP provider(s). The IP provider then can debug the IP. In one aspect, the techniques give the IP provider(s) specific information about the nature of the defect, facilitating the provider's efforts to debug the IP.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for simultaneous detection of polymorphisms at multiple loci in a target nucleic acid.

Abstract: A method for preparing exenatide by solid-phase synthesis, including: 1) mixing an Fmoc-Rink amide AM resin with a deprotecting agent to obtain a Rink amide AM resin; 2) condensing an Fmoc-Ser(tBu)-OH with the Rink amide AM resin to obtain an Fmoc-Ser(tBu)-Rink amide AM resin; 3) repeating the Fmoc deprotection and the condensation between an amino acid and a polypeptide on the resin, and condensing an amino acid with a polypeptide on the resin from the C-terminal to the N-terminal, to form a polypeptide resin; and 4) separating the polypeptide and the resin on the polypeptide resin.

Abstract: The invention provides luminescent solid-state compositions comprising difluoroboron beta-diketonates wherein the compositions can exhibit mechanochromic luminescence. The mechanochromic effect on the luminescence can be reversible, such as thermally reversible. Various solid-state forms of the invention can have emission spectra that differ from the properties of the respective difluoroboron beta-diketonate in solution. The mechanochromic effect can be stimulated by pressure such as hand-writing, and can be reversed over a period of minutes to hours at room temperature. The invention also provides methods of making and methods of using the solid-state compositions, such as for sensors and for information displays for use in biological sensing, and in art, design, and consumer products.

Abstract: An exhaust system (16) of a diesel engine (10) has a diesel particulate filter (18) for treating exhaust gas. When trapped soot has accumulated to an extent that may affect performance of the filter, an engine control system (12) forces combustion of trapped soot by increasing exhaust back-pressure using a control device (20) such as a back-pressure control valve or vanes of a variable geometry turbocharger.

Abstract: A method for producing bivalirudin using solid phase peptide synthesis by: a) condensing Fmoc-Asn(Trt)-Gly-OH with a peptide resin of Asp(OtBu)11-Phe12-Glu(OtBu)13-Glu(OtBu)14-Ile15-Pro16-Glu(OtBu)17-Glu(OtBu)18-Tyr(tBu)19-Leu20-Resin; b) removing Fmoc-; c) condensing Fmoc-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-OH with the peptide resin; d) separately condensing Pro, Arg, Pro, and Phe with the peptide resin from C-terminal to N-terminal to yield a peptide resin of Boc-D-Phe1-Pro2-Arg(Pbf)3-Pro4-Gly5-Gly6-Gly7-Gly8-Asn(Trt)9-Gly10-Asp(OtBu)11-Phe12-Glu(OtBu)13-Glu(OtBu)14-Ile15-Pro16-Glu(OtBu)17-Glu(OtBu)18-Tyr(tBu)19-Leu20-Resin; and e) in the presence of a cleavage agent, separating a peptide from the peptide resin to yield bivalirudin represented by Formula VI. The method is low in cost and the resultant bivalirudin has high purity.

Abstract: The present invention provides in one aspect polymeric luminescent dye compounds having fluorescent properties, phosphorescent properties, or both fluorescent and phosphorescent properties.

Abstract: A method for producing bivalirudin using solid phase peptide synthesis by the following steps: a) mixing a Fmoc-amino acid resin or a Fmoc-peptide resin with a de-protective agent so as to remove Fmoc-; b) in the presence of a condensing agent, condensing a Fmoc- or Boc-amino acid with the amino acid or the peptide bound to the resin; c) repeating the steps a) and b) to yield a peptide resin represented by Formula I, (SEQ?ID?NO.?1) Boc-D-Phe1-Pro2-Arg(Pbf)3-Pro4-Gly5-Gly6-Gly7- Gly8-Asn(Trt)9-Gly10-Asp(OtBu)11-Phe12-Glu (OtBu)13-Glu(OtBu)14-Ile15-Pro16-Glu(OtBu)17-Glu (OtBu)18-Tyr(tBu)19-Leu20-Resin?(I) and d) in the presence of a cleavage agent, separating the peptide from the resin to yield bivalirudin represented by Formula II (SEQ ID NO. 2). D-Phe-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Asn-Gly-Asp-Phe- Glu-Glu-Ile-Pro-Glu-Glu-Tyr-Leu?(II) Based on its total volume, the de-protective agent is composed of between 3 and 20% of piperidine and between 0.

Abstract: A sensor probe (116) includes a probe tip (205) having a probe centerline (207). A pressure tube (209) fluidly connects the probe tip (205) with a pressure sensor (115). A pipe (107) having a centerline (201) is connected to the sensor probe (116). The pipe centerline (201) and the probe centerline (207) form an acute angle such that the probe tip (205) points in a downstream direction of the pipe (107).

Abstract: The present invention provides in one aspect polymeric luminescent dye compounds having fluorescent properties, phosphorescent properties, or both fluorescent and phosphorescent properties.

Abstract: A method for enabling initiation of regeneration of a NOx adsorber catalyst. While the engine is operating to propel the vehicle, data indicative of NOx adsorption efficiency of the NOx adsorber catalyst, data indicative of temperature of exhaust gas passing through the NOx adsorber catalyst, data indicative of speed of the motor vehicle, and data indicative of engine fueling are processed according to an algorithm (10) that will enable regeneration to be initiated upon concurrence of the data indicative of NOx adsorption efficiency indicating an efficiency less than a defined efficiency, of the data indicative of temperature of exhaust gas passing through the NOx adsorber catalyst indicating a temperature suitable for initiating regeneration, of the data indicative of speed of the motor vehicle indicating vehicle speed suitable for initiating regeneration, and of the data indicative of engine torque indicating engine torque suitable for initiating regeneration.

Abstract: An engine (10) uses a method for counteracting the effect of soot accumulation in a diesel particulate filter (DPF 38) in a diesel engine exhaust system (16) on the control of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) through an EGR system (40). Engine speed (N) and indicated engine torque (TQI) data are processed to select from a map (62) a data value for present EGR volumetric efficiency. The selected data value and certain other data, including data that accounts for present soot accumulation in the DPF, are processed to develop a data value indicative of present total mass flow. The data value indicative of present total mass flow and still other data are processed to develop flow control data for controlling flow of exhaust gas through the EGR system.

Abstract: Engine systems and methods for accomplishing regeneration of a NOx adsorber (28) using in-cylinder post-injection in a way that creates a lean-rich transition (FIG. 3) for regenerating the NOx adsorber while attenuating engine torque output fluctuations during the transition without the necessity of using torque sensing to attenuate the fluctuations.

Abstract: Engine systems and methods for accomplishing regeneration of a NOx adsorber (28) using in-cylinder post-injection in a way that creates a lean-rich transition (FIG. 3) for regenerating the NOx adsorber while attenuating engine torque output fluctuations during the transition without the necessity of using torque sensing to attenuate the fluctuations.

Abstract: Engine systems and methods for accomplishing regeneration of a NOx adsorber (28) using in-cylinder post-injection in a way that creates a lean-rich transition (FIG. 3) for regenerating the NOx adsorber while attenuating engine torque output fluctuations during the transition without the necessity of using torque sensing to attenuate the fluctuations.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine (107) having a first turbine (109), a first compressor (103), an intake manifold (106) in fluid communication with the first compressor (103), an exhaust manifold (108) in fluid communication with the first turbine (109), and an oxygen sensor (121) in fluid communication with the intake manifold (106), disposed on an outlet side of the first compressor (103).

Abstract: A sensor probe (116) includes a probe tip (205) having a probe centerline (207). A pressure tube (209) fluidly connects the probe tip (205) with a pressure sensor (115). A pipe (107) having a centerline (201) is connected to the sensor probe (116). The pipe centerline (201) and the probe centerline (207) form an acute angle such that the probe tip (205) points in a downstream direction of the pipe (107).