Abstract: Provided is a resistance spot welding method by which a desired nugget diameter can be stably obtained without expulsion even when the effect of a disturbance is significant. An electrode force FA of a main current passage after an intermediate welding time Ta is set based on an average value or time integration value RA of a resistance between electrodes from the start of main current passage to the intermediate welding time Ta.

Abstract: A human-powered vehicle component comprises first wireless communicator circuitry and first electronic controller circuitry. The first wireless communicator circuitry is configured to wirelessly receive a pairing trigger signal generated in response to a user trigger input of a trigger input device. The trigger input device includes a display. The first electronic controller circuitry is configured to cause the human-powered vehicle component to enter a first pairing mode in response to the pairing trigger signal.

Abstract: A high-strength steel sheet having a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more and a method for producing the high-strength steel sheet are disclosed. The high-strength steel sheet has a predetermined chemical composition, in a surface layer region of the high-strength steel sheet, 75% or more and less than 98.5% by area of an upper bainite phase as a primary phase, 1.5% or more and less than 25% by area of a martensite phase and/or a retained austenite phase as a secondary phase, and 2.0% or less by area of a remaining microstructure phase; wherein an average grain size of all phases included in the surface layer region is 6.0 ?m or less; and wherein a dislocation density in all the phases included in the surface layer region is 8.0×1014/m2 or more.

Abstract: An electro-optical device is provided and includes a plurality of first signal lines extending in a first direction on a substrate; a plurality of second signal lines extending in a second direction on the substrate, the second direction intersecting the first direction; a pixel area in which a plurality of pixel electrodes are disposed; an outer peripheral edge of the pixel area having a curved portion or a bent portion; and a first circuit block, a second circuit block, and a third circuit block arranged along the outer peripheral edge, wherein the second circuit block is arranged between the first circuit block and the first circuit block, and a first gap between the first circuit bock and the second circuit block is different from a second gap between the second circuit block and the third circuit block.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate and liquid crystal. The first substrate includes pixel electrodes, a peripheral circuit and a dummy wiring. The peripheral circuit and the dummy wiring are provided outside a pixel area in which the pixel electrodes are arranged. The second substrate is opposed to the first substrate through the liquid crystal. The second substrate includes a translucent conductive film that is provided on an opposite side of the second substrate to a side where the liquid crystal is present. The dummy wiring is located on an outer peripheral side of the substrates than the peripheral circuit and is provided independently of the peripheral circuit in terms of circuit. The dummy wiring is grounded outside the first substrate.

Abstract: A resistance spot welded joint that includes a resistance spot weld formed by resistance-spot-welding two or more steel sheets, wherein: at least one steel sheet of the two or more steel sheets has a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more, in each steel sheet of the two or more steel sheets, a total area fraction of tempered martensite, tempered bainite, and retained austenite in a steel sheet microstructure is denoted as X (%), the total area fraction X (%) in one steel sheet of the two or more steel sheets that is a largest among the total area fractions X (%) in the two or more steel sheets being defined as Xmax (%), and a region that extends from a softest portion of a heat-affected zone of the resistance spot weld formed in the one steel sheet with Xmax to a base material is defined as a first region.

Abstract: An electro-optical device is provided and includes a plurality of first signal lines extending in a first direction on a substrate; a plurality of second signal lines extending in a second direction on the substrate, the second direction intersecting the first direction; a pixel area in which a plurality of pixel electrodes are disposed; an outer peripheral edge of the pixel area having a curved portion or a bent portion; and a first circuit block, a second circuit block, and a third circuit block arranged along the outer peripheral edge, wherein the second circuit block is arranged between the first circuit block and the first circuit block, and a first gap between the first circuit bock and the second circuit block is different from a second gap between the second circuit block and the third circuit block.

Abstract: An electro-optical device is provided and includes a plurality of first signal lines extending in a first direction on a substrate; a plurality of second signal lines extending in a second direction on the substrate, the second direction intersecting the first direction; a pixel area in which a plurality of pixel electrodes are disposed; an outer peripheral edge of the pixel area having a curved portion or a bent portion; and a first circuit block, a second circuit block, and a third circuit block arranged along the outer peripheral edge, wherein the second circuit block is arranged between the first circuit block and the first circuit block, and a first gap between the first circuit bock and the second circuit block is different from a second gap between the second circuit block and the third circuit block.

Abstract: A mounting structure includes: a first substrate that has a first surface on which a functional element is provided; a wiring portion that is provided at a position, which is different from a position of the functional element on the first surface, and is conductively connected to the functional element; a second substrate that has a second surface that is opposite to the first surface; and a conduction portion that is provided on the second surface, is connected to the wiring portion, and is conductively connected the functional element. The shortest distance between the functional element and the second substrate is longer than the longest distance between the second substrate and a position where the wiring portion is connected to the conduction portion.

Abstract: Provided is a galvanized steel sheet with excellent resistance to cracking in resistance welding at a welded portion, even if crystal orientations of an Fe-based electroplating layer and a cold-rolled steel sheet are integrated at a high ratio at the interface between the Fe-based electroplating layer and the cold-rolled steel sheet. The galvanized steel sheet has a Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet containing Si in an amount of 0.1 mass % to 3.0 mass %; an Fe-based electroplating layer formed on at least one surface of the Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet with a coating weight per surface of more than 20.0 g/m2, and a galvanized layer formed on the Fe-based electroplating layer, where crystal orientations of the Fe-based electroplating layer and the Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet are integrated at a ratio of more than 50 % at the interface between the Fe-based electroplating layer and the Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet.

Abstract: A welded joint formed by performing projection welding on a high-strength coated steel sheet and a nut, includes a content of solid solution Mn in a first region in a surface layer of the steel sheet on an outermost periphery of a weld is 40% or less of a content of solid solution Mn in a second region in a central region in a thickness direction of the steel sheet on the outermost periphery of the weld, and a content of solid solution Mn in a third region in the surface layer of the steel sheet on an innermost periphery of the weld is 40% or less of a content of solid solution Mn in a fourth region in the central region in the thickness direction of the steel sheet on the innermost periphery of the weld.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate and liquid crystal. The first substrate includes pixel electrodes, a peripheral circuit and a dummy wiring. The peripheral circuit and the dummy wiring are provided outside a pixel area in which the pixel electrodes are arranged. The second substrate is opposed to the first substrate through the liquid crystal. The second substrate includes a translucent conductive film that is provided on an opposite side of the second substrate to a side where the liquid crystal is present. The dummy wiring is located on an outer peripheral side of the substrates than the peripheral circuit and is provided independently of the peripheral circuit in terms of circuit. The dummy wiring is grounded outside the first substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a friction stir spot welded joint having high cross tensile strength even in the case where a steel sheet having a soft surface layer is used as a material to be welded. An annular groove is formed on an upper surface of an upper sheet out of overlapping steel sheets, and a shape and hardness of a welded portion are appropriately controlled simultaneously.

Abstract: A mounting structure includes: a first substrate that has a first surface on which a functional element is provided; a wiring portion that is provided at a position, which is different from a position of the functional element on the first surface, and is conductively connected to the functional element; a second substrate that has a second surface that is opposite to the first surface; and a conduction portion that is provided on the second surface, is connected to the wiring portion, and is conductively connected the functional element. The shortest distance between the functional element and the second substrate is longer than the longest distance between the second substrate and a position where the wiring portion is connected to the conduction portion.

Abstract: An electric device comprises wireless communicator circuitry and electronic controller circuitry. The wireless communicator circuitry is configured to wirelessly communicate with first wireless communicator circuitry of a first electric device using a first communication protocol. The wireless communicator circuitry is configured to wirelessly communicate with second wireless communicator circuitry of a second electric device using a second communication protocol. The electronic controller circuitry is configured to control the wireless communicator circuitry to wirelessly transmit a first signal using the first communication protocol. The electronic controller circuitry is configured to execute pairing between the electric device and the first electric device based on a first response signal wirelessly transmitted from the first wireless communicator circuitry of the first electric device.

Abstract: Provided is an alloyed galvanized steel sheet with excellent resistance to cracking in resistance welding at a welded portion, even if crystal orientations of an Fe-based electroplating layer and a cold-rolled steel sheet are integrated at a high ratio at the interface between the Fe-based electroplating layer and the cold-rolled steel sheet. The alloyed galvanized steel sheet has a Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet containing Si in an amount of 0.1 mass % to 3.0 mass %; an Fe-based electroplating layer formed on at least one surface of the Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet with a coating weight per surface exceeding 20.0 g/m2, and an alloyed galvanized layer formed on the Fe-based electroplating layer, where crystal orientations of the Fe-based electroplating layer and the Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet are integrated at a ratio of more than 50% at the interface between the Fe-based electroplating layer and the Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet.

Abstract: A welding process used in a method of manufacturing a steel sheet assembly includes spot welding steel sheets performed for a heat time of 0.08 seconds or more using a convex electrode with a tip radius of curvature of 20 mm or more or a flat electrode such that the weld force F (kN) for initial 0.03 seconds of the heat time satisfies formula: F<0.00125×(1+0.75×tall)+3 where TS (MPa) denotes an average strength of the steel sheets and represents a weighted mean value of a thickness of each of the steel sheets, and tall (mm) denotes a total thickness of the steel sheets (the sum of the thicknesses of the steel sheets).

Abstract: A first electric device comprises a first wireless communicator, an electric actuator, and a first electronic controller. The first electronic controller is configured to control the electric actuator to generate the actuation force based on a user input received by the second electric device in a connection state where the first wireless communicator is paired with the second wireless communicator and where the first wireless communicator is wirelessly connected to the second wireless communicator. The first electronic controller is configured to control the first wireless communicator to reconnect to the second wireless communicator based on the user input received by the second electric device in a disconnection state where the first wireless communicator is paired with the second wireless communicator and where the first wireless communicator is wirelessly disconnected from the second wireless communicator.

Abstract: Disclosed are rotating tools for double-sided friction stir welding that are applied to double-sided friction stir welding, which is a technique for welding two metal plates by rotating a pair of rotating tools, which oppose each other, in opposite directions, a double-sided friction stir welding apparatus that uses the rotating tools, and a double-sided friction stir welding method. A pair of rotating tools for double-sided friction stir welding that are used in double-sided friction stir welding, which is a technique for welding metal plates by using a pair of rotating tools that are each disposed on one of first and second surfaces of an unwelded portion of the metal plates such that the rotating tools rotate in opposite directions, include end portions each of which is formed in a circular and planar shape. The end portions are each made of a material harder than the metal plates.

Abstract: A memory device is provided for a human-powered vehicle. The memory device basically includes a base, memory and an electronic controller. The memory is provided on the base. The electronic controller is configured to control the memory so that the memory stores log-related information received from at least one component provided on the human-powered vehicle. The base is arranged in a cavity of a frame of the human-powered vehicle.