Abstract: A resistance spot welding method comprises: performing test welding; and performing actual welding after the test welding, wherein in the test welding, 0.2?Vtp/Vtm?1.5 is satisfied where Vtm is an average value of a voltage between the electrodes in main current passage in the test welding and Vtp is an average value of a voltage between the electrodes in subsequent current passage in the test welding, and in each of main current passage and subsequent current passage in the actual welding, a time variation curve of an instantaneous amount of heat generated per unit volume and a cumulative amount of heat generated per unit volume that are stored in a corresponding one of the main current passage and the subsequent current passage in the test welding are set as a target, and adaptive control welding is performed to control a current passage amount according to the target.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate and liquid crystal. The first substrate includes pixel electrodes, a peripheral circuit and a dummy wiring. The peripheral circuit and the dummy wiring are provided outside a pixel area in which the pixel electrodes are arranged. The second substrate is opposed to the first substrate through the liquid crystal. The second substrate includes a translucent conductive film that is provided on an opposite side of the second substrate to a side where the liquid crystal is present. The dummy wiring is located on an outer peripheral side of the substrates than the peripheral circuit and is provided independently of the peripheral circuit in terms of circuit. The dummy wiring is grounded outside the first substrate.

Abstract: To provide an Fe-based electroplated steel sheet that not only has excellent chemical convertibility or excellent coating appearance when subjected to hot-dip galvanizing, but also has excellent resistance to cracking in resistance welding. Disclosed is an Fe-based plated steel sheet including: a cold-rolled steel sheet having a chemical composition containing Si in an amount of 0.1 mass % or more and 3.0 mass % or less; and an Fe-based electroplating layer formed on one or both surfaces of the cold-rolled steel sheet with a coating weight per surface of 1.0 g/m2 or more, in which a thickness of an internal oxidation layer is 2.00 ?m or less, and an average value of C concentration in a range of 10 ?m to 20 ?m in a thickness direction from the surface of the Fe-based electroplating layer is 0.10 mass % or less.

Abstract: Disclosed is a galvannealed steel sheet including: a Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet containing Si in an amount of 0.1 mass % or more and 3.0 mass % or less; an Fe-based electroplating layer formed on at least one surface of the Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet; and a galvannealed layer formed on the Fe-based electroplating layer, in which in an intensity profile measured by glow discharge optical emission spectrometry, ISi,Fe/ISi,bulk is 0.30 or more, and an average value of C concentration in a region ranging from 10 ?m to 20 ?m in the thickness direction from the interface between the galvannealed layer and the Fe-based electroplating layer towards the Fe-based electroplating layer is 0.10 mass % or less.

Abstract: Provided is a galvanized steel sheet with excellent resistance to cracking in resistance welding at a welded portion, even if crystal orientations of an Fe-based electroplating layer and a cold-rolled steel sheet are integrated at a high ratio at the interface between the Fe-based electroplating layer and the cold-rolled steel sheet. The galvanized steel sheet has a Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet containing Si in an amount of 0.1 mass % to 3.0 mass %; an Fe-based electroplating layer formed on at least one surface of the Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet with a coating weight per surface of more than 20.0 g/m2, and a galvanized layer formed on the Fe-based electroplating layer, where crystal orientations of the Fe-based electroplating layer and the Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet are integrated at a ratio of more than 50 % at the interface between the Fe-based electroplating layer and the Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet.

Abstract: Provided is an alloyed galvanized steel sheet with excellent resistance to cracking in resistance welding at a welded portion, even if crystal orientations of an Fe-based electroplating layer and a cold-rolled steel sheet are integrated at a high ratio at the interface between the Fe-based electroplating layer and the cold-rolled steel sheet. The alloyed galvanized steel sheet has a Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet containing Si in an amount of 0.1 mass % to 3.0 mass %; an Fe-based electroplating layer formed on at least one surface of the Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet with a coating weight per surface exceeding 20.0 g/m2, and an alloyed galvanized layer formed on the Fe-based electroplating layer, where crystal orientations of the Fe-based electroplating layer and the Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet are integrated at a ratio of more than 50% at the interface between the Fe-based electroplating layer and the Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet.

Abstract: Provided is a steel sheet with excellent resistance to cracking in resistance welding at a welded portion, even if the crystal orientations of an Fe-based electroplating layer and a Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet are integrated at a high ratio at the interface between the Fe-based electroplating layer and the Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet. Provided is an Fe-based electroplated steel sheet having a Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet containing Si in an amount of 0.1 mass % or more and 3.0 mass % or less; and an Fe-based electroplating layer formed on at least one surface of the Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet with a coating weight per surface of more than 20.0 g/m2, where the crystal orientations of the Fe-based electroplating layer and the Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet are integrated at a ratio of more than 50% at the interface between the Fe-based electroplating layer and the Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet.

Abstract: A hard disk drive (HDD) includes an enclosure base, a first cover coupled to the base, and two separate gasket seals composed of different materials and configured to seal the interface between the first cover and the base. One gasket seal is composed of a material having a low permeability to helium or another lighter-than-air gas contained within the HDD, and the other gasket seal is composed of material having a low water vapor or moisture transmission. By using two separate independent gaskets which have different attributes, the lighter-than-air gas concentration is kept high and humidity is kept low during manufacturing testing, prior to affixing a hermetic second cover over the first cover, and degradation of HDD performance due to change of flying height is ultimately avoided.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate and liquid crystal. The first substrate includes pixel electrodes, a peripheral circuit and a dummy wiring. The peripheral circuit and the dummy wiring are provided outside a pixel area in which the pixel electrodes are arranged. The second substrate is opposed to the first substrate through the liquid crystal. The second substrate includes a translucent conductive film that is provided on an opposite side of the second substrate to a side where the liquid crystal is present. The dummy wiring is located on an outer peripheral side of the substrates than the peripheral circuit and is provided independently of the peripheral circuit in terms of circuit. The dummy wiring is grounded outside the first substrate.

Abstract: To provide a steel sheet with excellent resistance to cracking in resistance welding at a welded portion. Disclosed is a galvanized steel sheet including: a Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet containing Si in an amount of 0.1 mass % or more and 3.0 mass % or less; an Fe-based electroplating layer formed on at least one surface of the Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet with a coating weight per surface of 5.0 g/m2 or more; and a galvanized layer formed on the Fe-based electroplating layer, in which in an intensity profile measured by glow discharge optical emission spectrometry, ISi,Fe/ISi,bulk is 0.50 or more, and an average value of C concentration in a region ranging from 10 ?m to 20 ?m from an interface between the galvanized layer and the Fe-based electroplating layer towards the Fe-based electroplating layer is 0.10 mass % or less.

Abstract: A bicycle control device includes an electronic controller that controls a motor to assist propulsion of a bicycle. The electronic controller is configured to decrease an output of the motor upon determining that a shifting device is performing a shifting action to change a transmission ratio of the bicycle. The electronic controller is further configured to end the control that decreases the output of the motor before a predetermined period elapses upon determining that the shifting action is completed or the transmission ratio is changed before the predetermined period has elapsed. The electronic controller is further configured to end the control that decreases the output of the motor upon determining that the predetermined period has elapsed in a case where the shifting action or the change in the transmission ratio is uncompleted even though the predetermined period has elapsed.

Abstract: A projection welded joint is formed by joining a steel sheet having a tensile strength of 980 MPa or higher and a nut by performing projection welding. In a hardness distribution from the steel sheet to the nut through a weld metal zone, and a hardened region exists on each of the steel sheet side and the nut side. A hardness of each hardened region is higher than that of the base metal on the corresponding side, and each hardened region extends continuously for a distance of 500 µm or more. The maximum hardness NHmax on the nut side is higher than the maximum hardness SHmax on the steel sheet side. A region where the maximum hardness SHmax on the steel sheet side exists is formed of a martensite microstructure having a prior austenite grain size of 20 µm or less.

Abstract: Provided are a resistance spot welding method and a method for manufacturing a resistance spot welded joint. At least one of the steel sheets used is a high strength steel sheet. The method includes a main current application step in which current is applied with a current Iw and a tempering post-heat treatment step. The tempering post-heat treatment step includes a cooling process and a heating process and can include at least one of a transition process and a holding process. In the heating process, a current is applied at a current value It, shown in formula (2), for a current application time tt. 0.8×Iw?It?1.

Abstract: A determination device is for a human-powered vehicle. The determination device includes a processor that is configured to obtain information related to a rotational speed of an input rotational shaft of the human-powered vehicle and information related to a rotational speed of a wheel of the human-powered vehicle to determine a predetermined state in accordance with a varied amount of the rotational speed of the input rotational shaft and a varied amount of the rotational speed of the wheel in a state in which a human driving force that is applied to the human-powered vehicle is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold value.

Abstract: An electronic device includes elements, a first substrate including a first surface having a first electrode coupled to the elements and a second electrode coupled to the elements, and a second substrate having a second surface and a third surface and placed with the second surface facing the first surface, wherein the second substrate has a first opening penetrating the second substrate in a position corresponding to the first electrode, and a second opening penetrating the second substrate in a position corresponding to the second electrode, a first through electrode electrically coupled to the first electrode is provided in the first opening, a second through electrode electrically coupled to the second electrode is provided in the second opening, in a plan view of the third surface, an area of the first through electrode is larger than an area of the first opening and an area of the second through electrode is larger than an area of the second opening.

Abstract: An electro-optical device is provided and includes a plurality of first signal lines extending in a first direction on a substrate; a plurality of second signal lines extending in a second direction on the substrate, the second direction intersecting the first direction; a pixel area in which a plurality of pixel electrodes are disposed; an outer peripheral edge of the pixel area having a curved portion or a bent portion; and a first circuit block, a second circuit block, and a third circuit block arranged along the outer peripheral edge, wherein the second circuit block is arranged between the first circuit block and the first circuit block, and a first gap between the first circuit bock and the second circuit block is different from a second gap between the second circuit block and the third circuit block.

Abstract: A hot-pressed member having a specified chemical composition in which Ti/Sb 2.0?Ti/Sb?20.0 is satisfied and a method for producing the hot-pressed member. The hot-pressed member has a microstructure in which a volume fraction of martensite is 95% or more, an average grain size of prior austenite is 7 ?m or less, the number of cementite grains with a grain size of 0.10 ?m or more is 2 grains/?m2 or more, and the number of Ti-based carbide grains with a grain size of 0.10 ?m or less is 0.20 grains/?m2 or more, and a tensile strength of 2100 MPa or higher.

Abstract: An element, a friction element welding method, and a method for producing a friction element welded joint. The element is for performing friction element welding on a sheet stack of two or more stacked metal sheets by pressing the element into the sheet stack while the element is rotated. The element includes a circular columnar mandrel that is to enter the sheet stack, a circular collar disposed at an upper end portion of the mandrel, a first conical body extending from a lower end surface of the mandrel, and a second conical body disposed on the lower side of the first conical body. The vertical angle ? of the second conical body and the vertical angle ? of the first conical body satisfy the relation ?<?.

Abstract: An electro-optical device is provided and includes a plurality of first signal lines extending in a first direction on a substrate; a plurality of second signal lines extending in a second direction on the substrate, the second direction intersecting the first direction; a pixel area in which a plurality of pixel electrodes are disposed; an outer peripheral edge of the pixel area having a curved portion or a bent portion; and a first circuit block, a second circuit block, and a third circuit block arranged along the outer peripheral edge, wherein the second circuit block is arranged between the first circuit block and the first circuit block, and a first gap between the first circuit bock and the second circuit block is different from a second gap between the second circuit block and the third circuit block.

Abstract: Provided are an arc welded joint and an arc welding method. The arc welded joint has a slag-coverage area ratio SRATIO (%) of 15% or less, and a weld bead width ratio WRATIO (%) of 60% or more. The SRATIO is calculated by using an equation SRATIO=100×SSLAG/SBEAD. In this equation, an area of a surface of a weld bead formed by performing arc welding on a steel sheet is defined as a weld bead surface area SBEAD (mm2) and, of the weld bead surface area SBEAD, an area of a region covered with slag is defined as a slag surface area SSLAG (mm2). The WRATIO is calculated by using an equation WRATIO=100×WMIN/WMAX from a maximum value WMAX (mm) and a minimum value WMIN (mm) of a weld bead width in a direction perpendicular to a welding line of the weld bead.