Abstract: While an FM-CW mode for sensing an object, in which a frequency of an electromagnetic wave transmitted from a transmission/reception antenna 6 is continuously modulated, and also, a CW mode for judging an abnormal condition, in which the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted from the transmission/reception antenna 6 is not modulated are switched, an abnormal condition judging section judges an abnormal condition when a signal level of a reception signal of the FM-CW mode is smaller than, or equal to a first judging threshold value, and also, a signal level of a reception signal in the CW mode is smaller than, or equal to a second judging threshold value which is higher than the first judging threshold value.

Abstract: The present invention provides a scheme for determining an abnormality of an intake air system with higher accuracy in an engine an intake air amount is controlled by adjusting a lift amount of an intake valve. A throttle opening area is determined based on a current intake air amount. A feedback correction is performed on the throttle opening area. The feedback correction includes determining a correction amount of the throttle opening area such that the gauge pressure inside the intake manifold converges to a desired gauge pressure and then adding the correction amount to the throttle opening area. A feedback control is performed on an air-fuel ratio. The feedback control includes determining a correction amount of the air-fuel ratio based on a detection value of an air-fuel ratio detecting means provided in an exhaust manifold.

Abstract: A horn antenna part of a radar apparatus is made of a heat emitting material and includes: an antenna body part having a plurality of horn parts arranged in an array form, wherein each horn part is open toward a front surface of the apparatus, and has a diameter which gradually increases toward the front surface; and a feeder part including a waveguide which communicates with the horn parts, wherein the feeder part is connected to the antenna body part. The radar apparatus also includes: a wireless part for generating a high-frequency signal supplied to the feeder part, and converting a reflected high-frequency signal to a medium-frequency signal; and a circuit part for controlling the high-frequency signal and processing the medium-frequency signal. At least one of the wireless part and the circuit part is arranged in a manner such that it contacts the feeder part.

Abstract: A horn antenna part of a radar apparatus is made of a heat emitting material and includes: an antenna body part having a plurality of horn parts arranged in an array form, wherein each horn part is open toward a front surface of the apparatus, and has a diameter which gradually increases toward the front surface; and a feeder part including a waveguide which communicates with the horn parts, wherein the feeder part is connected to the antenna body part. The radar apparatus also includes: a wireless part for generating a high-frequency signal supplied to the feeder part, and converting a reflected high-frequency signal to a medium-frequency signal; and a circuit part for controlling the high-frequency signal and processing the medium-frequency signal. At least one of the wireless part and the circuit part is arranged in a manner such that it contacts the feeder part.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave is transmitted from a signal transmission antenna using a signal transmission IC; this electromagnetic wave is received, after having been reflected by a target object, by signal receiving antennas and signal receiving ICs; and the distance to the target object or the azimuth of the target object is detected by a signal processing section. The signal receiving antennas have approximately the same signal receiving characteristics and directivity in approximately the same direction, and are arranged in a row with a predetermined gap between them, thus constituting an antenna array.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave is transmitted from a signal transmission antenna using a signal transmission IC; this electromagnetic wave is received, after having been reflected by a target object, by signal receiving antennas and signal receiving ICs; and the distance to the target object or the azimuth of the target object is detected by a signal processing section. The signal receiving antennas have approximately the same signal receiving characteristics and directivity in approximately the same direction, and are arranged in a row with a predetermined gap between them, thus constituting an antenna array.

Abstract: A camera includes a first lens unit on which a light beam is incident from a subject, a reflective mirror for reflecting the light beam through the first lens unit, in a direction substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens unit, a first diaphragm member arranged on a surface of a lens of the first lens unit closest to the reflective mirror with the surface of the lens facing the reflective mirror, and which blocks unwanted rays of light other than the light beam that forms the image of the subject, a second lens unit on which the light beam reflected from the reflective mirror is incident, a second diaphragm member arranged between the first lens unit and the second lens unit blocks unwanted rays of light that travel outside the outermost periphery at which the light beam traveling from the first lens unit to the reflective member intersects the light beam traveling from the reflective mirror to the second lens unit, and an unwanted ray-of-light reflection prevention member arranged on

Abstract: While an FM-CW mode for sensing an object, in which a frequency of an electromagnetic wave transmitted from a transmission/reception antenna 6 is continuously modulated, and also, a CW mode for judging an abnormal condition, in which the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted from the transmission/reception antenna 6 is not modulated are switched, an abnormal condition judging section judges an abnormal condition when a signal level of a reception signal of the FM-CW mode is smaller than, or equal to a first judging threshold value, and also, a signal level of a reception signal in the CW mode is smaller than, or equal to a second judging threshold value which is higher than the first judging threshold value.

Abstract: A radar system comprises: a plurality of reception antennas; a transmission wave generating device; a transmission antenna; a mixer; an A/D converter; a storage device which stores the digitized beat signals in association with each of the reception antennas; a Fourier transformation device which Fourier transforms the stored beat signals; a digital beam forming device which generates beam signals at predetermined pitch angles based on the Fourier transformed signals; an orientation detecting device which detects an orientation of the object using the generated beam signals; a distance detecting device which detects a distance to the object using the generated beam signals; and a signal separation processing device which performs separation processing of the beat signals based on the detected orientation and distance of the object, using the beat signals associated with each of the reception antennas, which are Fourier transformed by the Fourier transformation device.

Abstract: A ceramics dispersion liquid is provided. The dispersion liquid may form an applied film easily recovering hydrophilic properties with light irradiation even when contaminated by lipophilic materials. The ceramics dispersion liquid comprises a ceramics, a dispersion medium, and at least one compound selected from a carboxylic acid, an ammonium carboxylate, a salt of carboxylic acid with metal selected from Ia group, IIa group, IIIa group, Va group, VIa group, VIIa group, VIII group, Ib group, IIb group, IIIb group, IVb group and lanthanoid group, and a salt of oxalic acid with metal selected from IVa group.

Abstract: A demodulation method, and apparatus, for reproducing data from a received signal. The demodulation method includes the steps of: receiving a signal including a series of frames each containing a training signal for automatic equalization processing and a data signal; controlling an amplitude of the received signal by AGC processing so as to make the amplitude a predetermined level; conducting demodulation processing on the signal subjected to the AGC processing; periodically conducting automatic equalization processing so as to adapt the modulated signal to characteristics of the signal transmission path based on each training signal of the frame; and setting values of a time constant of the AGC processing and an update repetition period of the automatic equalization processing so as to satisfy a predetermined relation.

Abstract: A titanium oxide showing sufficiently high photocatalytic activities by irradiation of visible light is provided. Using the titanium oxide, an excellent photocatalyst and photocatalyst coating composition are also provided. The titanium oxide has a selected ion chromatogram in which an evolution gas having 28 of a ratio of mass number to electric charge quantity exhibits at least one peak at about 600° C. or higher, the selected ion chromatogram being measured in a thermogravimetry-mass-spectroscopy.

Abstract: In an object-detecting system using an FM-CW wave, points f1 to f4 corresponding to detection peaks of a reflected wave from a road-side object such as guardrail and points m1 and m2 corresponding to detection peaks of a reflected wave from a moving object such as a reflector of a preceding vehicle are indicated on two-dimensional coordinates along with the shape of a road ahead of a subject vehicle. Among the points f1 to f4, m1 and m2, the points f1 to f4 are determined as being provided by the reflected wave from the road-side object, and a distance from the subject vehicle to the object and a speed of the subject vehicle relative the object are calculated using the remaining points m1 and m2 excluding the points f1 to f4. Thus, only the moving object except the road-side object can be detected.

Abstract: An optical element assembly includes a first optical element, a second optical element, and a positioning holder member. The first optical element has engageably shaped portions in a peripheral portion of an effective area on a first injection surface through which the effective luminous flux passes. These engageably shaped portions respectively correspond to one engageably shaped portions formed on one opponent surface of the positioning holder member that opposes the first injection surface. The second optical element has engageably shaped portions in a peripheral portion of an effective area on a second incident surface through which the effective luminous flux passes. These engageably shaped portions respectively correspond to the other engageably shaped portions formed on the other opponent surface of the positioning holder member that opposes the second incident surface.

Abstract: A titanium oxide showing sufficiently high photocatalytic activities by irradiation of visible light is provided. Using the titanium oxide, an excellent photocatalyst and photocatalyst coating composition is also provided. The titanium oxide has (i) three or more peaks within the range of from 1.930 to 2.030 in g value of electron spin resonance spectrum of the titanium oxide, wherein the largest one of the peaks is within the range of from 1.990 to 2.020 in the g value and/or (ii) a spin concentration X of 1.50×1016 spins/g or more, which is determined from electron spin resonance spectrum of the titanium oxide measured after irradiation of visible light.

Abstract: In an object-detecting system using an FM-CW wave, points f1 to f4 corresponding to detection peaks of a reflected wave from a road-side object such as guardrail and points m1 and m2 corresponding to detection peaks of a reflected wave from a moving object such as a reflector of a preceding vehicle are indicated on two-dimensional coordinates along with the shape of a road ahead of a subject vehicle. Among the points f1 to f4, m1 and m2, the points f1 to f4 are determined as being provided by the reflected wave from the road-side object, and a distance from the subject vehicle to the object and a speed of the subject vehicle relative the object are calculated using the remaining points m1 and m2 excluding the points f1 to f4. Thus, only the moving object except the road-side object can be detected.

Abstract: A digital camera includes an outer casing cover. An open portion is formed in the outer casing cover, and an LCD unit is mounted to the open portion such that the display surface of the LCD unit is exposed to the outside through the open portion. The LCD unit includes a plate-like LCD module of a package type and a mounting frame having the LCD mounted thereto. The mounting frame is formed of a thin member such as a thin metal plate, and the holding frame for housing and holding the display element includes a display frame covering the peripheral portion of the display surface. The display surface and the display frame are exposed to the outside through the open portion of the outer casing member.

Abstract: A photocatalyst is provided, which comprises a titanium oxide and a metal-containing compound other than titanium oxide on the surface of the titanium oxide, wherein the metal-containing compound is a metal oxide having an acid site and the photocatalyst has a BET specific surface area of about 55 m2/g or larger, or wherein the metal-containing compound is a basic metal-containing compound and the photocatalyst has an anatase-crystalline structure and an anatase-crystalline size of about 10 nm or larger. The photocatalyst shows sufficiently high photocatalytic activities by irradiation of visible light.

Abstract: A control system is disclosed that accelerates the rise in temperature of a catalyst provided in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine. The system increases the intake air amount after the engine starts and retards the ignition timing according to a rotational speed of the engine. In this control system, a failure of the catalyst temperature rise acceleration control is diagnosed according to the engine rotational speed and/or a retard amount of the ignition timing during the execution of the catalyst temperature rise acceleration control. The above failure may also be diagnosed according to at least one of the ignition timing and the engine rotational speed when decreasing the intake air amount during the execution of the catalyst temperature rise acceleration control. The above failure may also be diagnosed according to a detected catalyst temperature and an estimated catalyst temperature.

Abstract: A titanium hydroxide is provided which can be utilized for producing a photocatalyst exhibiting a superior photocatalytic activity by irradiation of visible light. The titanium hydroxide has a primary differential spectrum (of radial structure function in connection with titanium K absorption edge) having maximal intensities (U1 and U2) and minimal intensities (L1 and L2) at interatomic distances in the range of from 1.4 Å to 2.8 Å, the maximal intensities being at an interatomic distance of from 1.4 Å to 1.7 Å and of from 2.2 Å to 2.5 Å and the minimal intensities being at an interatomic distance of from 1.9 Å to 2.2 Å and of from 2.5 Å to 2.8 Å; and index X calculated by the equation X=(U2−L2)/(U1−L1) of about 0.06 or more.