Abstract: In a biosensor for measuring a specific substance in a liquid sample, one or a combination of sugar alcohol, metallic salt, organic acid or organic acid salt which has at least one carboxyl group in a molecule, and organic acid or organic acid salt which has at least one carboxyl group and one amino group in a molecule, is included in a reagent layer provided on electrodes, thereby providing a highly-accurate biosensor which is excellent in stability and has high response (sensitivity, linearity) of the sensor to the substrate concentration.

Abstract: In a biosensor for measuring a specific substance in a liquid sample, one or a combination of sugar alcohol, metallic salt, organic acid or organic acid salt which has at least one carboxyl group in a molecule, and organic acid or organic acid salt which has at least one carboxyl group and one amino group in a molecule, is included in a reagent layer provided on electrodes, thereby providing a highly-accurate biosensor which is excellent in stability and has high response (sensitivity, linearity) of the sensor to the substrate concentration.

Abstract: In order to provide a low-cost large substrate for full multi-bubble-jet head, a method for manufacturing an ink-jet head in which ink-discharge-pressure generation elements are provided on a substrate, discharge ports are disposed in a plate facing the ink-discharge-pressure generation elements, and ink is discharged from the discharge ports by generating bubbles within ink includes the steps of forming a threaded port, serving as an ink supply port, in a ceramic substrate, filling the threaded ports with a filler by melting the filler, flattening a portion of the threaded port filled with the filler in the substrate, depositing a silicon nitride film on the surface of the substrate in which the portion of the threaded port is flattened, depositing a layer made of a high-heat-conduction material on the silicon nitride film, forming the ink-discharge-pressure generation elements on the high-heat-conduction layer, forming ink discharge portions having the corresponding discharge ports on the substrate having t

Abstract: A reaction layer 12 which reacts with a substance to be measured in a sample solution is provided on a working electrode 1, a counter electrode 2, and a third electrode 3 which are provided on an insulating substrate 7 so as to bridge the respective electrodes, the content of the substance to be measured is measured from a current value which reaction is obtained between the working electrode 1 and the counter electrode 2, and the types of sample solution is judged by a difference between oxidation current values or between oxidation current waveforms, which are obtained between the third electrode 3 and the counter electrode 2 or between the third electrode 3 and the working electrode 1, thereby automatically judging the types of sample solution.

Abstract: The invention provides a biosensor comprising a support; a conductive layer composed of a electrical conductive material such as a noble metal, for example gold or palladium, and carbon; slits parallel to and perpendicular to the side of the support; working, counter, and detecting electrodes; a spacer which covers the working, counter, and detecting electrodes on the support; a rectangular cutout in the spacer forming a specimen supply path; an inlet to the specimen supply path; a reagent layer formed by applying a reagent containing an enzyme to the working, counter, and detecting electrodes, which are exposed through the cutout in the spacer; and a cover over the spacer. The biosensor can be formed by a simple method, and provides a uniform reagent layer on the electrodes regardless of the reagent composition.

Abstract: A biosensor for analyzing specific components in an introduced liquid sample by reaction of the liquid sample with a reagent comprises a cavity into which the liquid sample is introduced, an air hole communicating from the cavity to outside, and a water repellent part having a water repellency at 43 mN/m or less in surface free energy and provided to at least a portion around the outlet of the air hole. By the water repellent part around the air hole, the liquid sample can be prevented from flowing out through the air hole, thereby achieving a high-accuracy measurement.

Abstract: A glucose sensor system comprising the steps of using as a sample discriminating parameter a ratio (I/&Dgr;I) of a measured current value I to the time-differential value of the current value &Dgr;I, defining a discrimination function that discriminates whether a sample is blood or control fluid and uses the discriminating parameter as an independent variable, quantitating as a discriminating index a numeric value obtained by substituting a discriminating parameter value into this discrimination function, and automatically discriminating, based on this index, whether the sample is blood or a control fluid, whereby a kind of the sample can be automatically quantitated by measuring electric current when a sensor system is used for quantitating the concentration of an analysis object in the sample.

Abstract: A glucose sensor system comprising the steps of using as a sample discriminating parameter a ratio (I/&Dgr;I) of a measured current value I to the time-differential value of the current value &Dgr;I, defining a discrimination function that discriminates whether a sample is blood or control fluid and uses the discriminating parameter as an independent variable, quantitating as a discriminating index a numeric value obtained by substituting a discriminating parameter value into this discrimination function, and automatically discriminating, based on this index, whether the sample is blood or a control fluid, whereby a kind of the sample can be automatically quantitated by measuring electric current when a sensor system is used for quantitating the concentration of an analysis object in the sample.

Abstract: A method for producing an ink jet head including, on a substrate, a piezoelectric element for discharging an ink from a discharge port, and an ink flow path communicating with the discharge port so as to correspond to the piezoelectric element, the method comprising in this order a step of providing, on the substrate, a mold material corresponding to the ink flow path, a step of providing a wall material of the ink flow path so as to cover the mold material, a step of eliminating a portion of the substrate corresponding to the piezoelectric element thereby forming a space in the substrate, and a step of eliminating the mold material thereby forming the ink flow path.

Abstract: A biosensor according to the present invention comprises a support 1, a conductive layer 2 composed of an electrical conductive material such as noble metal, for example gold, palladium or the like, and carbon, slits 3a and 3b parallel to the side of the support 1, slits 4a and 4b vertical to the side of the support 1, a working electrode 5, a counter electrode 6, a detecting electrode 7, a spacer 8 which covers the working electrode 5, the counter electrode 6 and the detecting electrode 7 on the support 1, a rectangular cutout part 9 forming a specimen supply path, an inlet 9a of the specimen supply path, a reagent layer 12 formed by applying a reagent including an enzyme or the like to the working electrode 5, the counter electrode 6 and the detecting electrode 7, which is exposed from the cutout part 9 of the spacer 8, and a cover 13 which covers the spacer 8, as shown in FIG. 1.

Abstract: A biosensor according to the present invention comprises a support 1, a conductive layer 2 composed of an electrical conductive material such as noble metal, for example gold, palladium or the like, and carbon, slits 3a and 3b parallel to the side of the support 1, slits 4a and 4b vertical to the side of the support 1, a working electrode 5, a counter electrode 6, a detecting electrode 7, a spacer 8 which covers the working electrode 5, the counter electrode 6 and the detecting electrode 7 on the support 1, a rectangular cutout part 9 forming a specimen supply path, an inlet 9a of the specimen supply path, a reagent layer 12 formed by applying a reagent including an enzyme or the like to the working electrode 5, the counter electrode 6 and the detecting electrode 7, which is exposed from the cutout part 9 of the spacer 8, and a cover 13 which covers the spacer 8, as shown in FIG. 1.

Abstract: A subject of the present invention is to provide a water based hydraulic fluid and a hydraulic pressure device able to prevent burning and wearing in a sliding portion of a member constructed by an iron-based material as much as possible. Therefore, the water based hydraulic fluid relative to the invention contains copper ions for forming a film on addendum surfaces of a drive gear and a driven gear constructed by the iron-based material. A gear pump as the hydraulic pressure device relative to the invention uses the water based hydraulic fluid containing metallic ions for forming the film on the addendum surfaces of the drive gear and the driven gear constructed by the iron-based material.

Abstract: In a biosensor that detects introduction of a sample liquid into an analyte feed passage using a detecting electrode, a means of improving accuracy of detection is provided. The biosensor has: an electrode system including measuring electrode (2), counter electrode (3), and detecting electrode (4) on first electrically insulated board (1); analyte feed passage (7) for introducing the sample liquid; and reagent layer (5) used for quantifying a substrate contained in the sample liquid. The means is characterized in that detecting electrode (4) is spaced from measuring electrode (2) by a distance sufficient for the sample liquid to sufficiently cover measuring electrode (2) before the sample liquid reaches detecting electrode (4).

Abstract: A biosensor, a measuring instrument for biosensor, and a method of quantifying a substrate contained in specimen liquid to reduce a measurement error by the biosensor; a biosensor, comprising at least a pair of electrodes formed on an insulation substrate; a measuring instrument, comprising a supporting part for detachably supporting the biosensor, a plurality of connection terminals electrically connected to the electrodes, and a drive power supply for applying a voltage to the electrodes through the connection terminals; wherein the biosensor is inserted into the measuring instrument, either one of the electrodes of the biosensor is connected to first and second connection terminals fined to the measuring instrument only when the biosensor is inserted into the support part of the measuring instrument in a specified direction and has an electrode structure to allow the first connection terminal to conduct with the second connection terminal when a voltage is applied by the drive power supply.

Abstract: To enable a low profile for a toilet, and provide more universal toilet installation.

Abstract: In order to provide a low-cost large substrate for full multi-bubble-jet head, a method for manufacturing an ink-jet head in which ink-discharge-pressure generation elements are provided on a substrate, discharge ports are disposed in a plate facing the ink-discharge-pressure generation elements, and ink is discharged from the discharge ports by generating bubbles within ink includes the steps of forming a threaded port, serving as an ink supply port, in a ceramic substrate, filling the threaded ports with a filler by melting the filler, flattening a portion of the threaded port filled with the filler in the substrate, depositing a silicon nitride film on the surface of the substrate in which the portion of the threaded port is flattened, depositing a layer made of a high-heat-conduction material on the silicon nitride film, forming the ink-discharge-pressure generation elements on the high-heat-conduction layer, forming ink discharge portions having the corresponding discharge ports on the substrate having t

Abstract: A reaction layer 12 which reacts with a substance to be measured in a sample solution is provided on a working electrode 1, a counter electrode 2, and a third electrode 3 which are provided on an insulating substrate 7 so as to bridge the respective electrodes, the content of the substance to be measured is measured from a current value which is produced by a reaction between the substance to be measured and the reaction layer, which reaction is obtained between the working electrode 1 and the counter electrode 2, and the types of sample solution is judged by a difference between oxidation current values or between oxidation current waveforms, which are obtained between the third electrode 3 and the counter electrode 2 or between the third electrode 3 and the working electrode 1, thereby automatically judging the types of sample solution without artificial preoperation.

Abstract: In a biosensor for measuring a specific substance in a liquid sample, one or a combination of sugar alcohol, metallic salt, organic acid or organic acid salt which has at least one carboxyl group in a molecule, and organic acid or organic acid salt which has at least one carboxyl group and one amino group in a molecule, is included in a reagent layer provided on an insulating support, thereby providing a highly-accurate biosensor which is excellent in stability and has high response (sensitivity, linearity) of the sensor to the substrate concentration.

Abstract: A glucose sensor system comprising the steps of using as a sample discriminating parameter a ratio (I/&Dgr;I) of a measured current value I to the time-differential value of the current value &Dgr;I, defining a discrimination function that discriminates whether a sample is blood or control fluid and uses the discriminating parameter as an independent variable, quantitating as a discriminating index a numeric value obtained by substituting a discriminating parameter value into this discrimination function, and automatically discriminating, based on this index, whether the sample is blood or a control fluid, whereby a kind of the sample can be automatically quantitated by measuring electric current when a sensor system is used for quantitating the concentration of an analysis object in the sample.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a thermoelectric element with a higher thermoelectric performance than that of a conventional thermoelectric element. This fabrication method includes the steps of: (a) preparing a thermoelectric material having a predetermined composition; and (b) applying extruding pressure to the thermoelectric material in a first direction to extrude it through a die having, in an area which is not less than half of a deforming area of the thermoelectric material in the first direction, a maximum strain rate within +30% of an average strain rate so as to plastically deform the thermoelectric material into an extruded product of the thermoelectric material.