Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first semiconductor structure including circuit devices and first bonding pads; and a second semiconductor structure connected to the first semiconductor structure, the second semiconductor structure including a base layer; a first memory cell structure including first gate electrodes and first channels penetrating through the first gate electrodes; a second memory cell structure including second gate electrodes and second channels penetrating through the second gate electrodes; bit lines between the first and the second memory cell structures, and electrically connected to the first and second channels in common; first and second conductive layers on the second surface of the base layer; a pad insulating layer having an opening exposing a portion of the second conductive layer; and second bonding pads disposed to correspond to the first bonding pads in a lower portion of the second memory cell structure.

Abstract: An etchant composition includes an inorganic acid, a siloxane compound, an ammonium compound, and a solvent, wherein the siloxane compound is represented by General Formula (I): A method of fabricating an integrated circuit device includes forming a structure on a substrate, the structure having a surface on which an oxide film and a nitride film are exposed; and selectively removing the nitride film from the oxide film and the nitride film by bringing the etchant composition into contact with the structure.

Abstract: A MOS optical modulator having high modulation efficiency and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. A MOS optical modulator includes: a p-type Si layer constituting an optical waveguide; a gate insulating film provided on the optical waveguide; a gate layer provided on the gate insulating film and formed of an n-type group III-V semiconductor; a first contact portion connected to the gate layer; and a second contact portion connected to the Si layer.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for providing data for product payment. A method of providing, by a mobile device, data for product payment includes: receiving an identifier of a second mobile device from the second mobile device through short-range communication; adding the second mobile device to a payment group including a first mobile device, based on the received identifier of the second mobile device; transmitting group information of the payment group to a payment server; transmitting identification information of the payment group to a shop terminal for payment for a product; and receiving, from the payment server, a payment authentication request for a payment amount of the first mobile device allocated to the first mobile device from among a total payment amount of the product.

Abstract: A vertical non-volatile memory device includes a lower insulating layer on a substrate, a multilayer structure including gate electrodes and interlayer insulating layers alternately stacked on the lower insulating layer, a gate dielectric layer and a channel structure, and has an opening extending through the multilayer structure and exposing the lower insulating layer. The opening includes a first open portion extending through at least one layer of the multilayer structure at a first width, and a second open portion extending through the multilayer structure at a second width less than the first width. The gate dielectric layer lines the opening, and the channel structure is disposed on the gate dielectric layer and is electrically connected to the substrate.

Abstract: A method for controlling revolutions per minute (RPM) flare, in which an RPM of a transmission increases due to clutch slip, for a hybrid vehicle can include: determining whether gear-shifting is performed in a transmission of the hybrid vehicle; detecting whether RPM flare of the transmission occurs when it is determined that the gear-shifting is performed; and controlling a torque of a motor of the hybrid vehicle so as to reduce the RPM flare of the transmission by reducing the torque of the motor when the RPM flare of the transmission is detected.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for generating an image, the apparatus including a processor configured to detect at least one object near a vehicle by using a result of sensing a surrounding area of the vehicle, determine a direction and a distance from the vehicle to the detected at least one object, and generate an image of the surrounding area of the vehicle based on the determined direction and distance. Therefore, the apparatus may accurately express a shape of the object and a relative location between the vehicle and the object on a three-dimensional (3D) image of the surrounding area of a vehicle.

Abstract: A coil device capable of minimizing defects and increasing a thickness of a conductor pattern is provided. The coil device includes: a base substrate; a seed pattern formed on the base substrate and including a seed region and a lead-in wiring region; a first conductive pattern formed on the seed region; a second conductive pattern formed on at least a portion of the first conductive pattern; and a protective layer formed to contact at least one or more of the base substrate, the seed pattern, the first conductive pattern, and the second conductive pattern, in which the seed pattern of the lead-in wiring region extends to a cut line.

Abstract: The semiconductor device includes a substrate including an integrated circuit and a contact that are electrically connected to each other, an insulation layer covering the substrate and including metal lines, and a through electrode electrically connected to the integrated circuit. The insulation layer includes an interlayer dielectric layer on the substrate and an intermetal dielectric layer on the interlayer dielectric layer. The metal lines include a first metal line in the interlayer dielectric layer and electrically connected to the contact, and a plurality of second metal lines in the intermetal dielectric layer and electrically connected to the first metal line and the through electrode. The through electrode includes a top surface higher than a top surface of the contact.

Abstract: A system and a method for a transaction based on a license plate number. A method of providing data for paying for an item, performed by a mobile device, includes receiving a license plate number from a vehicle terminal through short-range wireless communication, selecting a credit card to be used to pay for an item provided in an offline store, and transmitting the received license plate number and information regarding the selected credit card to a payment server. The license plate number and the information regarding the selected credit card transmitted to the payment server are used for the payment server to authenticate the payment of the item, together with information regarding a license plate number provided from a store terminal of the offline store to the payment server.

Abstract: A separator and a fuel cell stack, the separator including a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of concave portions which are sequentially provided along a first direction, the convex portions having first openings on top surfaces at predetermined intervals along a second direction orthogonal to the first direction and the first openings of two adjacent convex portions are each provided so as not to be positioned coaxially based on a virtual first line parallel to the first direction.

Abstract: Disclosed are: a co-emulsified composition containing different emulsification particle sizes; and a method for preparing the same. The co-emulsified composition contains an amphipathic anisotropic power and a surfactant, thereby allowing emulsification particles with different sizes to coexist in one dosage form, and thus a co-emulsified composition can be provided that simultaneously implements two or more feelings of use or physical characteristics.

Abstract: A core-shell copolymer, a method of making the same, and a thermoplastic resin composition including the same are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a core-shell copolymer includes a core and a shell surrounding the core, the core includes a conjugated diene-based monomer-derived repeating unit and a phosphate-based cross-linking agent-derived cross-linking part represented by Formula 1, and the shell includes a first alkyl (meth)acrylate monomer-derived repeating unit, a second alkyl (meth)acrylate monomer-derived repeating unit, and a sulfonate-based ionic monomer-derived repeating unit represented by Formula 2. The core is 68 parts to 92 parts and the shell is 8 parts to 32 parts, based on 100 parts of the core-shell copolymer, the core has a swell index of 2.7 to 10.9, the shell includes 1 wt % to 16 wt % of the sulfonate-based ionic monomer-derived repeating unit, and the shell has a weight average molecular weight of 105,000 g/mol to 645,000 g/mol.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a peripheral logic structure including peripheral circuits on a substrate, a horizontal semiconductor layer extending along a top surface of the peripheral logic structure, a plurality of stack structures arranged on the horizontal semiconductor layer along a first direction, and a plurality of electrode separation regions in each of the plurality of stack structures to extend in a second direction, which is different from the first direction, wherein each of the plurality of stack structures includes a first electrode pad and a second electrode pad on the first electrode pad, the first electrode pad protruding in the first direction beyond the second electrode pad by a first width, and the first electrode pad protrudes in the second direction beyond the second electrode pad by a second width, which is different from the first width.

Abstract: A fan motor for an air conditioner includes a rotor shaft, a plurality of rotor cores arranged in a circumferential direction about a center of the rotor shaft, a bridge configured to couple the rotor cores, permanent magnets coupled to the plurality of rotor cores, and an insert-injected rotor body provided in a space formed through the rotor shaft, the rotor cores, the bridge, and the permanent magnets. A cable holder for the fan motor includes an upper cable holder in which a plurality of protrusion walls are formed downwardly, a lower cable holder in which a plurality of guide walls coupled between the plurality of protrusion walls are formed upwardly, and a soldering land which is formed in a lower portion of the lower cable holder and upon which a wire can be soldered.

Abstract: An optical phase shifter according to an embodiment for achieving the object of the present disclosure includes a first semiconductor layer formed on a substrate, a second semiconductor layer having opposite polarity to the first semiconductor layer, an insulating layer formed between the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer, and including ferroelectrics, a first electrode connected to the first semiconductor layer, and a second electrode connected to the second semiconductor layer. According to an embodiment, the introduction of ferroelectric materials to a semiconductor-insulator-semiconductor (SIS) optical phase shifter brings about improvement in charge collection efficiency resulting from the negative capacitance effect, thereby achieving higher phase modulation efficiency and lower power consumption. Additionally, it is possible to realize a new structure of optical switch or modulator device through design changes of the type of ferroelectrics and the structural variables.

Abstract: Provided is an analysis method for a crack rate of an electrode active material of an electrode, comprising the steps of: forming an electrode including an electrode active material, a binder, and a conductive material; impregnating the electrode with a resin and visualizing material regions including the electrode active material, the binder, and the conductive material which are included in the electrode, and a pore region; cutting the electrode and forming an electrode cross-section sample; photographing a cross section of the electrode cross-section sample using a scanning electron microscope and obtaining a cross-sectional image; performing primary image processing on the cross-sectional image and extracting total surface area pixels of the electrode active material; performing secondary image processing on the cross-sectional image and extracting total boundary pixels of the electrode active material; and calculating a crack rate of the electrode active material of the electrode in the cross-sectional i

Abstract: A fusing apparatus for an image forming apparatus includes a fusing belt having a sidewall that faces the fusing bel, a guide member, disposed on the sidewall and having a lower portion disposed above a lower portion of the bushing, and a ring member, disposed between the guide member and the fusing belt. The ring member can be deflected toward the sidewall in a gap which is provided below the lower portion of the guide member and between the ring member and the sidewall.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating neurodegenerative diseases comprising a COX2 acetylating agent as an active ingredient and, more particularly, to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating neurodegenerative diseases comprising, as an active ingredient, a COX2 acetylating agent which exhibits an effect of inhibiting the deposition of amyloid-? in brain neurons, reducing excessive neuroinflammatory responses, and increasing the phagocytosis of amyloid-? in microglial cells. The pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating neurodegenerative diseases comprising the COX2 acetylating agent as an active ingredient has the effects of alleviating neuroinflammation by promoting COX2 acetylation in neurons and secreting specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) and thus, can be very useful in the development of a preventive or therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for diagnosis of degenerative neurological diseases and, more specifically, to a composition for diagnosis of degenerative neurological diseases, comprising an agent for measuring the level of acetylation of COX2. According to the present invention, since acetylation of COX2 in degenerative neurological diseases is significantly reduced, whether COX2 is acetylated may be utilized as a diagnostic marker for degenerative neurological diseases, and it is possible to diagnose degenerative neurological diseases more rapidly and accurately by using same.